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docs Commands: Keyring docs-commands-keyring

Consul Keyring

Command: consul keyring

The keyring command is used to examine and modify the encryption keys used in Consul's Gossip Pools. It is capable of distributing new encryption keys to the cluster, retiring old encryption keys, and changing the keys used by the cluster to encrypt messages.

Consul allows multiple encryption keys to be in use simultaneously. This is intended to provide a transition state while the cluster converges. It is the responsibility of the operator to ensure that only the required encryption keys are installed on the cluster. You can review the installed keys using the -list argument, and remove unneeded keys with -remove.

All operations performed by this command can only be run against server nodes, and affect both the LAN and WAN keyrings in lock-step.

All variations of the keyring command return 0 if all nodes reply and there are no errors. If any node fails to reply or reports failure, the exit code will be 1.

Usage

Usage: consul keyring [options]

Only one actionable argument may be specified per run, including -list, -install, -remove, and -use.

The list of available flags are:

  • -list - List all keys currently in use within the cluster.

  • -install - Install a new encryption key. This will broadcast the new key to all members in the cluster.

  • -use - Change the primary encryption key, which is used to encrypt messages. The key must already be installed before this operation can succeed.

  • -remove - Remove the given key from the cluster. This operation may only be performed on keys which are not currently the primary key.

  • -rpc-addr - Address to the RPC server of the agent you want to contact to send this command. If this isn't specified, the command will contact "127.0.0.1:8400" which is the default RPC address of a Consul agent.

Output

The output of the consul keyring -list command consolidates information from all nodes and all datacenters to provide a simple and easy to understand view of the cluster. The following is some example output from a cluster with two datacenters, each which consist of one server and one client:

==> Gathering installed encryption keys...
==> Done!

WAN:
  a1i101sMY8rxB+0eAKD/gw== [2/2]

dc2 (LAN):
  a1i101sMY8rxB+0eAKD/gw== [2/2]

dc1 (LAN):
  a1i101sMY8rxB+0eAKD/gw== [2/2]

As you can see, the output above is divided first by gossip pool, and then by encryption key. The indicator to the right of each key displays the number of nodes the key is installed on over the total number of nodes in the pool.

Errors

If any errors are encountered while performing a keyring operation, no key information is displayed, but instead only error information. The error information is arranged in a similar fashion, organized first by datacenter, followed by a simple list of nodes which had errors, and the actual text of the error. Below is sample output from the same cluster as above, if we try to do something that causes an error; in this case, trying to remove the primary key:

==> Removing gossip encryption key...

dc1 (LAN) error: 2/2 nodes reported failure
  server1: Removing the primary key is not allowed
  client1: Removing the primary key is not allowed

WAN error: 2/2 nodes reported failure
  server1.dc1: Removing the primary key is not allowed
  server2.dc2: Removing the primary key is not allowed

dc2 (LAN) error: 2/2 nodes reported failure
  server2: Removing the primary key is not allowed
  client2: Removing the primary key is not allowed

As you can see, each node with a failure reported what went wrong.