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| layout | page_title | sidebar_current | description |
|---|---|---|---|
| intro | Introduction | what | Welcome to the intro guide to Consul! This guide is the best place to start with Consul. We cover what Consul is, what problems it can solve, how it compares to existing software, and how you can get started using it. If you are familiar with the basics of Consul, the documentation provides a more detailed reference of available features. |
Introduction to Consul
Welcome to the intro guide to Consul! This guide is the best place to start with Consul. We cover what Consul is, what problems it can solve, how it compares to existing software, and how you can get started using it. If you are familiar with the basics of Consul, the documentation provides a more detailed reference of available features.
What is Consul?
Consul has multiple components, but as a whole, it is a tool for discovering and configuring services in your infrastructure. It provides several key features:
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Service Discovery: Clients of Consul can provide a service, such as
apiormysql, and other clients can use Consul to discover providers of a given service. Using either DNS or HTTP, applications can easily find the services they depend upon. -
Health Checking: Consul clients can provide any number of health checks, either associated with a given service ("is the webserver returning 200 OK"), or with the local node ("is memory utilization below 90%"). This information can be used by an operator to monitor cluster health, and it is used by the service discovery components to route traffic away from unhealthy hosts.
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Key/Value Store: Applications can make use of Consul's hierarchical key/value store for any number of purposes, including dynamic configuration, feature flagging, coordination, leader election, and more. The simple HTTP API makes it easy to use.
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Multi Data Center: Consul supports multiple data centers out of the box. This means users of Consul do not have to worry about building additional layers of abstraction to grow to multiple regions.
Consul is designed to be friendly to both the DevOps community and application developers, making it perfect for modern, elastic infrastructures.
Basic Architecture of Consul
Consul is a distributed, highly available system. This section will cover the basics, purposely omitting some unnecessary detail, so you can get a quick understanding of how Consul works. For more detail, please refer to the in-depth architecture overview.
Every node that provides services to Consul runs a Consul agent. Running an agent is not required for discovering other services or getting/setting key/value data. The agent is responsible for health checking the services on the node as well as the node itself.
The agents talk to one or more Consul servers. The Consul servers are where data is stored and replicated. The servers themselves elect a leader. While Consul can function with one server, 3 to 5 is recommended to avoid failure scenarios leading to data loss. A cluster of Consul servers is recommended for each data center.
Components of your infrastructure that need to discover other services or nodes can query any of the Consul servers or any of the Consul agents. The agents forward queries to the servers automatically.
Each data center runs a cluster of Consul servers. When a cross-data center service discovery or configuration request is made, the local Consul servers forward the request to the remote data center and return the result.
Next Steps
- See how Consul compares to other software to assess how it fits into your existing infrastructure.
- Continue onwards with the getting started guide to get Consul up and running.