open-vault/command/ssh.go

341 lines
12 KiB
Go

package command
import (
"encoding/json"
"fmt"
"io/ioutil"
"net"
"os"
"os/exec"
"os/user"
"strings"
"github.com/hashicorp/vault/builtin/logical/ssh"
"github.com/hashicorp/vault/meta"
"github.com/mitchellh/mapstructure"
)
// SSHCommand is a Command that establishes a SSH connection
// with target by generating a dynamic key
type SSHCommand struct {
meta.Meta
}
// Structure to hold the fields returned when asked for a credential from SSHh backend.
type SSHCredentialResp struct {
KeyType string `mapstructure:"key_type"`
Key string `mapstructure:"key"`
Username string `mapstructure:"username"`
IP string `mapstructure:"ip"`
Port string `mapstructure:"port"`
}
func (c *SSHCommand) Run(args []string) int {
var role, mountPoint, format, userKnownHostsFile, strictHostKeyChecking string
var noExec bool
var sshCmdArgs []string
flags := c.Meta.FlagSet("ssh", meta.FlagSetDefault)
flags.StringVar(&strictHostKeyChecking, "strict-host-key-checking", "", "")
flags.StringVar(&userKnownHostsFile, "user-known-hosts-file", "", "")
flags.StringVar(&format, "format", "table", "")
flags.StringVar(&role, "role", "", "")
flags.StringVar(&mountPoint, "mount-point", "ssh", "")
flags.BoolVar(&noExec, "no-exec", false, "")
flags.Usage = func() { c.Ui.Error(c.Help()) }
if err := flags.Parse(args); err != nil {
return 1
}
// If the flag is already set then it takes the precedence. If the flag is not
// set, try setting it from env var.
if os.Getenv("VAULT_SSH_STRICT_HOST_KEY_CHECKING") != "" && strictHostKeyChecking == "" {
strictHostKeyChecking = os.Getenv("VAULT_SSH_STRICT_HOST_KEY_CHECKING")
}
// Assign default value if both flag and env var are not set
if strictHostKeyChecking == "" {
strictHostKeyChecking = "ask"
}
// If the flag is already set then it takes the precedence. If the flag is not
// set, try setting it from env var.
if os.Getenv("VAULT_SSH_USER_KNOWN_HOSTS_FILE") != "" && userKnownHostsFile == "" {
userKnownHostsFile = os.Getenv("VAULT_SSH_USER_KNOWN_HOSTS_FILE")
}
// Assign default value if both flag and env var are not set
if userKnownHostsFile == "" {
userKnownHostsFile = "~/.ssh/known_hosts"
}
args = flags.Args()
if len(args) < 1 {
c.Ui.Error("ssh expects at least one argument")
return 1
}
client, err := c.Client()
if err != nil {
c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Error initializing client: %v", err))
return 1
}
// split the parameter username@ip
input := strings.Split(args[0], "@")
var username string
var ipAddr string
// If only IP is mentioned and username is skipped, assume username to
// be the current username. Vault SSH role's default username could have
// been used, but in order to retain the consistency with SSH command,
// current username is employed.
if len(input) == 1 {
u, err := user.Current()
if err != nil {
c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Error fetching username: %v", err))
return 1
}
username = u.Username
ipAddr = input[0]
} else if len(input) == 2 {
username = input[0]
ipAddr = input[1]
} else {
c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Invalid parameter: %q", args[0]))
return 1
}
// Resolving domain names to IP address on the client side.
// Vault only deals with IP addresses.
ip, err := net.ResolveIPAddr("ip", ipAddr)
if err != nil {
c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Error resolving IP Address: %v", err))
return 1
}
// Credentials are generated only against a registered role. If user
// does not specify a role with the SSH command, then lookup API is used
// to fetch all the roles with which this IP is associated. If there is
// only one role associated with it, use it to establish the connection.
if role == "" {
role, err = c.defaultRole(mountPoint, ip.String())
if err != nil {
c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Error choosing role: %v", err))
return 1
}
// Print the default role chosen so that user knows the role name
// if something doesn't work. If the role chosen is not allowed to
// be used by the user (ACL enforcement), then user should see an
// error message accordingly.
c.Ui.Output(fmt.Sprintf("Vault SSH: Role: %q", role))
}
data := map[string]interface{}{
"username": username,
"ip": ip.String(),
}
keySecret, err := client.SSHWithMountPoint(mountPoint).Credential(role, data)
if err != nil {
c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Error getting key for SSH session: %v", err))
return 1
}
// if no-exec was chosen, just print out the secret and return.
if noExec {
return OutputSecret(c.Ui, format, keySecret)
}
// Port comes back as a json.Number which mapstructure doesn't like, so convert it
if keySecret.Data["port"] != nil {
keySecret.Data["port"] = keySecret.Data["port"].(json.Number).String()
}
var resp SSHCredentialResp
if err := mapstructure.Decode(keySecret.Data, &resp); err != nil {
c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Error parsing the credential response: %v", err))
return 1
}
if resp.KeyType == ssh.KeyTypeDynamic {
if len(resp.Key) == 0 {
c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Invalid key"))
return 1
}
sshDynamicKeyFile, err := ioutil.TempFile("", fmt.Sprintf("vault_ssh_%s_%s_", username, ip.String()))
if err != nil {
c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Error creating temporary file: %v", err))
return 1
}
// Ensure that we delete the temporary file
defer os.Remove(sshDynamicKeyFile.Name())
if err = ioutil.WriteFile(sshDynamicKeyFile.Name(),
[]byte(resp.Key), 0600); err != nil {
c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Error storing the dynamic key into the temporary file: %v", err))
return 1
}
sshCmdArgs = append(sshCmdArgs, []string{"-i", sshDynamicKeyFile.Name()}...)
} else if resp.KeyType == ssh.KeyTypeOTP {
// Check if the application 'sshpass' is installed in the client machine.
// If it is then, use it to automate typing in OTP to the prompt. Unfortunately,
// it was not possible to automate it without a third-party application, with
// only the Go libraries.
// Feel free to try and remove this dependency.
sshpassPath, err := exec.LookPath("sshpass")
if err == nil {
sshCmdArgs = append(sshCmdArgs, []string{
"-e", // Read password for SSHPASS environment variable
"ssh",
"-o UserKnownHostsFile=" + userKnownHostsFile,
"-o StrictHostKeyChecking=" + strictHostKeyChecking,
"-p", resp.Port,
username + "@" + ip.String(),
}...)
if len(args) > 1 {
sshCmdArgs = append(sshCmdArgs, args[1:]...)
}
env := os.Environ()
env = append(env, fmt.Sprintf("SSHPASS=%s", string(resp.Key)))
sshCmd := exec.Command(sshpassPath, sshCmdArgs...)
sshCmd.Env = env
sshCmd.Stdin = os.Stdin
sshCmd.Stdout = os.Stdout
err = sshCmd.Run()
if err != nil {
c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Failed to establish SSH connection: %q", err))
}
return 0
}
c.Ui.Output("OTP for the session is " + resp.Key)
c.Ui.Output("[Note: Install 'sshpass' to automate typing in OTP]")
}
sshCmdArgs = append(sshCmdArgs, []string{"-o UserKnownHostsFile=" + userKnownHostsFile, "-o StrictHostKeyChecking=" + strictHostKeyChecking, "-p", resp.Port, username + "@" + ip.String()}...)
if len(args) > 1 {
sshCmdArgs = append(sshCmdArgs, args[1:]...)
}
sshCmd := exec.Command("ssh", sshCmdArgs...)
sshCmd.Stdin = os.Stdin
sshCmd.Stdout = os.Stdout
// Running the command as a separate command. The reason for using exec.Command instead
// of using crypto/ssh package is that, this way, user can have the same feeling of
// connecting to remote hosts with the ssh command. Package crypto/ssh did not have a way
// to establish an independent session like this.
err = sshCmd.Run()
if err != nil {
c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Error while running ssh command: %q", err))
}
// If the session established was longer than the lease expiry, the secret
// might have been revoked already. If not, then revoke it. Since the key
// file is deleted and since user doesn't know the credential anymore, there
// is not point in Vault maintaining this secret anymore. Every time the command
// is run, a fresh credential is generated anyways.
err = client.Sys().Revoke(keySecret.LeaseID)
if err != nil {
c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Error revoking the key: %q", err))
}
return 0
}
// If user did not provide the role with which SSH connection has
// to be established and if there is only one role associated with
// the IP, it is used by default.
func (c *SSHCommand) defaultRole(mountPoint, ip string) (string, error) {
data := map[string]interface{}{
"ip": ip,
}
client, err := c.Client()
if err != nil {
return "", err
}
secret, err := client.Logical().Write(mountPoint+"/lookup", data)
if err != nil {
return "", fmt.Errorf("Error finding roles for IP %q: %q", ip, err)
}
if secret == nil {
return "", fmt.Errorf("Error finding roles for IP %q: %q", ip, err)
}
if secret.Data["roles"] == nil {
return "", fmt.Errorf("No matching roles found for IP %q", ip)
}
if len(secret.Data["roles"].([]interface{})) == 1 {
return secret.Data["roles"].([]interface{})[0].(string), nil
} else {
var roleNames string
for _, item := range secret.Data["roles"].([]interface{}) {
roleNames += item.(string) + ", "
}
roleNames = strings.TrimRight(roleNames, ", ")
return "", fmt.Errorf("Roles:%q. "+`
Multiple roles are registered for this IP.
Select a role using '-role' option.
Note that all roles may not be permitted, based on ACLs.`, roleNames)
}
}
func (c *SSHCommand) Synopsis() string {
return "Initiate an SSH session"
}
func (c *SSHCommand) Help() string {
helpText := `
Usage: vault ssh [options] username@ip
Establishes an SSH connection with the target machine.
This command generates a key and uses it to establish an SSH
connection with the target machine. This operation requires
that the SSH backend is mounted and at least one 'role' is
registered with Vault beforehand.
For setting up SSH backends with one-time-passwords, installation
of vault-ssh-helper or a compatible agent on target machines
is required. See [https://github.com/hashicorp/vault-ssh-agent].
General Options:
` + meta.GeneralOptionsUsage() + `
SSH Options:
-role Role to be used to create the key. Each IP is associated with
a role. To see the associated roles with IP, use "lookup"
endpoint. If you are certain that there is only one role
associated with the IP, you can skip mentioning the role. It
will be chosen by default. If there are no roles associated
with the IP, register the CIDR block of that IP using the
"roles/" endpoint.
-no-exec Shows the credentials but does not establish connection.
-mount-point Mount point of SSH backend. If the backend is mounted at
"ssh" (default), this parameter can be skipped.
-format If the "no-exec" option is enabled, the credentials will be
printed out and SSH connection will not be established. The
format of the output can be "json" or "table" (default).
-strict-host-key-checking This option corresponds to "StrictHostKeyChecking"
of SSH configuration. If "sshpass" is employed to enable
automated login, then if host key is not "known" to the
client, "vault ssh" command will fail. Set this option to
"no" to bypass the host key checking. Defaults to "ask".
Can also be specified with the
"VAULT_SSH_STRICT_HOST_KEY_CHECKING" environment variable.
-user-known-hosts-file This option corresponds to "UserKnownHostsFile" of
SSH configuration. Assigns the file to use for storing the
host keys. If this option is set to "/dev/null" along with
"-strict-host-key-checking=no", both warnings and host key
checking can be avoided while establishing the connection.
Defaults to "~/.ssh/known_hosts". Can also be specified with
"VAULT_SSH_USER_KNOWN_HOSTS_FILE" environment variable.
`
return strings.TrimSpace(helpText)
}