open-vault/vault/identity_store_oidc_provider_test.go

package vault

import (
	"encoding/base64"
	"fmt"
	"testing"

	"github.com/go-test/deep"
	"github.com/hashicorp/vault/helper/namespace"
	"github.com/hashicorp/vault/sdk/framework"
	"github.com/hashicorp/vault/sdk/logical"
)

// TestOIDC_Path_OIDC_ProviderClient_NoKeyParameter tests that a client cannot
// be created without a key parameter
func TestOIDC_Path_OIDC_ProviderClient_NoKeyParameter(t *testing.T) {
	c, _, _ := TestCoreUnsealed(t)
	ctx := namespace.RootContext(nil)
	storage := &logical.InmemStorage{}

	// Create a test client "test-client1" without a key param -- should fail
	resp, err := c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/client/test-client1",
		Operation: logical.CreateOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})
	expectError(t, resp, err)
	// validate error message
	expectedStrings := map[string]interface{}{
		"the key parameter is required": true,
	}
	expectStrings(t, []string{resp.Data["error"].(string)}, expectedStrings)
}

// TestOIDC_Path_OIDC_ProviderClient_NilKeyEntry tests that a client cannot be
// created when a key parameter is provided but the key does not exist
func TestOIDC_Path_OIDC_ProviderClient_NilKeyEntry(t *testing.T) {
	c, _, _ := TestCoreUnsealed(t)
	ctx := namespace.RootContext(nil)
	storage := &logical.InmemStorage{}

	// Create a test client "test-client1" with a non-existent key -- should fail
	resp, err := c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/client/test-client1",
		Operation: logical.CreateOperation,
		Data: map[string]interface{}{
			"key": "test-key",
		},
		Storage: storage,
	})
	expectError(t, resp, err)
	// validate error message
	expectedStrings := map[string]interface{}{
		"key \"test-key\" does not exist": true,
	}
	expectStrings(t, []string{resp.Data["error"].(string)}, expectedStrings)
}

// TestOIDC_Path_OIDC_ProviderClient_UpdateKey tests that a client
// does not allow key modification on Update operations
func TestOIDC_Path_OIDC_ProviderClient_UpdateKey(t *testing.T) {
	c, _, _ := TestCoreUnsealed(t)
	ctx := namespace.RootContext(nil)
	storage := &logical.InmemStorage{}

	// Create a test key "test-key1"
	c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/key/test-key1",
		Operation: logical.CreateOperation,
		Data: map[string]interface{}{
			"verification_ttl": "2m",
			"rotation_period":  "2m",
		},
		Storage: storage,
	})

	// Create a test key "test-key2"
	c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/key/test-key2",
		Operation: logical.CreateOperation,
		Data: map[string]interface{}{
			"verification_ttl": "2m",
			"rotation_period":  "2m",
		},
		Storage: storage,
	})

	// Create a test client "test-client" -- should succeed
	resp, err := c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/client/test-client",
		Operation: logical.CreateOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
		Data: map[string]interface{}{
			"key": "test-key1",
		},
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)

	// Create a test client "test-client" -- should fail
	resp, err = c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/client/test-client",
		Operation: logical.UpdateOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
		Data: map[string]interface{}{
			"key": "test-key2",
		},
	})
	expectError(t, resp, err)
	// validate error message
	expectedStrings := map[string]interface{}{
		"key modification is not allowed": true,
	}
	expectStrings(t, []string{resp.Data["error"].(string)}, expectedStrings)
}

// TestOIDC_Path_OIDC_ProviderClient_AssignmentDoesNotExist tests that a client
// cannot be created with assignments that do not exist
func TestOIDC_Path_OIDC_ProviderClient_AssignmentDoesNotExist(t *testing.T) {
	c, _, _ := TestCoreUnsealed(t)
	ctx := namespace.RootContext(nil)
	storage := &logical.InmemStorage{}

	// Create a test key "test-key"
	c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/key/test-key",
		Operation: logical.CreateOperation,
		Data: map[string]interface{}{
			"verification_ttl": "2m",
			"rotation_period":  "2m",
		},
		Storage: storage,
	})

	// Create a test client "test-client" -- should fail
	resp, err := c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/client/test-client",
		Operation: logical.CreateOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
		Data: map[string]interface{}{
			"key":         "test-key",
			"assignments": "my-assignment",
		},
	})
	expectError(t, resp, err)
	// validate error message
	expectedStrings := map[string]interface{}{
		"assignment \"my-assignment\" does not exist": true,
	}
	expectStrings(t, []string{resp.Data["error"].(string)}, expectedStrings)
}

// TestOIDC_Path_OIDC_ProviderClient tests CRUD operations for clients
func TestOIDC_Path_OIDC_ProviderClient(t *testing.T) {
	c, _, _ := TestCoreUnsealed(t)
	ctx := namespace.RootContext(nil)
	storage := &logical.InmemStorage{}

	// Create a test key "test-key"
	c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/key/test-key",
		Operation: logical.CreateOperation,
		Data: map[string]interface{}{
			"verification_ttl": "2m",
			"rotation_period":  "2m",
		},
		Storage: storage,
	})

	// Create a test client "test-client" -- should succeed
	resp, err := c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/client/test-client",
		Operation: logical.CreateOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
		Data: map[string]interface{}{
			"key": "test-key",
		},
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)

	// Read "test-client" and validate
	resp, err = c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/client/test-client",
		Operation: logical.ReadOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)
	expected := map[string]interface{}{
		"redirect_uris":    []string{},
		"assignments":      []string{},
		"key":              "test-key",
		"id_token_ttl":     0,
		"access_token_ttl": 0,
		"client_id":        resp.Data["client_id"],
		"client_secret":    resp.Data["client_secret"],
	}
	if diff := deep.Equal(expected, resp.Data); diff != nil {
		t.Fatal(diff)
	}

	// Create a test assignment "my-assignment" -- should succeed
	resp, err = c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/assignment/my-assignment",
		Operation: logical.CreateOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)

	// Update "test-client" -- should succeed
	resp, err = c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/client/test-client",
		Operation: logical.UpdateOperation,
		Data: map[string]interface{}{
			"redirect_uris":    "http://localhost:3456/callback",
			"assignments":      "my-assignment",
			"key":              "test-key",
			"id_token_ttl":     0,
			"access_token_ttl": 0,
		},
		Storage: storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)

	// Read "test-client" again and validate
	resp, err = c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/client/test-client",
		Operation: logical.ReadOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)
	expected = map[string]interface{}{
		"redirect_uris":    []string{"http://localhost:3456/callback"},
		"assignments":      []string{"my-assignment"},
		"key":              "test-key",
		"id_token_ttl":     0,
		"access_token_ttl": 0,
		"client_id":        resp.Data["client_id"],
		"client_secret":    resp.Data["client_secret"],
	}
	if diff := deep.Equal(expected, resp.Data); diff != nil {
		t.Fatal(diff)
	}

	// Delete test-client -- should succeed
	resp, err = c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/client/test-client",
		Operation: logical.DeleteOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)

	// Read "test-client" again and validate
	resp, _ = c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/client/test-client",
		Operation: logical.ReadOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})
	if resp != nil {
		t.Fatalf("expected nil but got resp: %#v", resp)
	}
}

// TestOIDC_Path_OIDC_ProviderClient_DeDuplication tests that a
// client doesn't have duplicate redirect URIs or Assignments
func TestOIDC_Path_OIDC_ProviderClient_Deduplication(t *testing.T) {
	c, _, _ := TestCoreUnsealed(t)
	ctx := namespace.RootContext(nil)
	storage := &logical.InmemStorage{}

	// Create a test key "test-key"
	c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/key/test-key",
		Operation: logical.CreateOperation,
		Data: map[string]interface{}{
			"verification_ttl": "2m",
			"rotation_period":  "2m",
		},
		Storage: storage,
	})

	// Create a test assignment "test-assignment1" -- should succeed
	c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/assignment/test-assignment1",
		Operation: logical.CreateOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})

	// Create a test client "test-client" -- should succeed
	resp, err := c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/client/test-client",
		Operation: logical.CreateOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
		Data: map[string]interface{}{
			"key":           "test-key",
			"assignments":   []string{"test-assignment1", "test-assignment1"},
			"redirect_uris": []string{"http://example.com", "http://notduplicate.com", "http://example.com"},
		},
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)

	// Read "test-client" and validate
	resp, err = c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/client/test-client",
		Operation: logical.ReadOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)
	expected := map[string]interface{}{
		"redirect_uris":    []string{"http://example.com", "http://notduplicate.com"},
		"assignments":      []string{"test-assignment1"},
		"key":              "test-key",
		"id_token_ttl":     0,
		"access_token_ttl": 0,
		"client_id":        resp.Data["client_id"],
		"client_secret":    resp.Data["client_secret"],
	}
	if diff := deep.Equal(expected, resp.Data); diff != nil {
		t.Fatal(diff)
	}
}

// TestOIDC_Path_OIDC_ProviderClient_Update tests Update operations for clients
func TestOIDC_Path_OIDC_ProviderClient_Update(t *testing.T) {
	c, _, _ := TestCoreUnsealed(t)
	ctx := namespace.RootContext(nil)
	storage := &logical.InmemStorage{}

	// Create a test key "test-key"
	c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/key/test-key",
		Operation: logical.CreateOperation,
		Data: map[string]interface{}{
			"verification_ttl": "2m",
			"rotation_period":  "2m",
		},
		Storage: storage,
	})

	// Create a test assignment "my-assignment" -- should succeed
	resp, err := c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/assignment/my-assignment",
		Operation: logical.CreateOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)

	// Create a test client "test-client" -- should succeed
	resp, err = c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/client/test-client",
		Operation: logical.CreateOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
		Data: map[string]interface{}{
			"redirect_uris":    "http://localhost:3456/callback",
			"assignments":      "my-assignment",
			"key":              "test-key",
			"id_token_ttl":     0,
			"access_token_ttl": 0,
		},
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)

	// Read "test-client" and validate
	resp, err = c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/client/test-client",
		Operation: logical.ReadOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)
	expected := map[string]interface{}{
		"redirect_uris":    []string{"http://localhost:3456/callback"},
		"assignments":      []string{"my-assignment"},
		"key":              "test-key",
		"id_token_ttl":     0,
		"access_token_ttl": 0,
		"client_id":        resp.Data["client_id"],
		"client_secret":    resp.Data["client_secret"],
	}
	if diff := deep.Equal(expected, resp.Data); diff != nil {
		t.Fatal(diff)
	}

	// Update "test-client" -- should succeed
	resp, err = c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/client/test-client",
		Operation: logical.UpdateOperation,
		Data: map[string]interface{}{
			"redirect_uris": "http://localhost:3456/callback2",
		},
		Storage: storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)

	// Read "test-client" again and validate
	resp, err = c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/client/test-client",
		Operation: logical.ReadOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)
	expected = map[string]interface{}{
		"redirect_uris":    []string{"http://localhost:3456/callback2"},
		"assignments":      []string{"my-assignment"},
		"key":              "test-key",
		"id_token_ttl":     0,
		"access_token_ttl": 0,
		"client_id":        resp.Data["client_id"],
		"client_secret":    resp.Data["client_secret"],
	}
	if diff := deep.Equal(expected, resp.Data); diff != nil {
		t.Fatal(diff)
	}
}

// TestOIDC_Path_OIDC_ProviderClient_List tests the List operation for clients
func TestOIDC_Path_OIDC_ProviderClient_List(t *testing.T) {
	c, _, _ := TestCoreUnsealed(t)
	ctx := namespace.RootContext(nil)
	storage := &logical.InmemStorage{}

	// Create a test key "test-key"
	c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/key/test-key",
		Operation: logical.CreateOperation,
		Data: map[string]interface{}{
			"verification_ttl": "2m",
			"rotation_period":  "2m",
		},
		Storage: storage,
	})

	// Prepare two clients, test-client1 and test-client2
	c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/client/test-client1",
		Operation: logical.CreateOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
		Data: map[string]interface{}{
			"key": "test-key",
		},
	})

	c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/client/test-client2",
		Operation: logical.CreateOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
		Data: map[string]interface{}{
			"key": "test-key",
		},
	})

	// list clients
	respListClients, listErr := c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/client",
		Operation: logical.ListOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, respListClients, listErr)

	// validate list response
	expectedStrings := map[string]interface{}{"test-client1": true, "test-client2": true}
	expectStrings(t, respListClients.Data["keys"].([]string), expectedStrings)

	// delete test-client2
	c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/client/test-client2",
		Operation: logical.DeleteOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})

	// list clients again and validate response
	respListClientAfterDelete, listErrAfterDelete := c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/client",
		Operation: logical.ListOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, respListClientAfterDelete, listErrAfterDelete)

	// validate list response
	delete(expectedStrings, "test-client2")
	expectStrings(t, respListClientAfterDelete.Data["keys"].([]string), expectedStrings)
}

// TestOIDC_pathOIDCClientExistenceCheck tests pathOIDCClientExistenceCheck
func TestOIDC_pathOIDCClientExistenceCheck(t *testing.T) {
	c, _, _ := TestCoreUnsealed(t)
	ctx := namespace.RootContext(nil)
	storage := &logical.InmemStorage{}

	clientName := "test"

	// Expect nil with empty storage
	exists, err := c.identityStore.pathOIDCClientExistenceCheck(
		ctx,
		&logical.Request{
			Storage: storage,
		},
		&framework.FieldData{
			Raw: map[string]interface{}{"name": clientName},
			Schema: map[string]*framework.FieldSchema{
				"name": {
					Type: framework.TypeString,
				},
			},
		},
	)
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("Error during existence check on an expected nil entry, err:\n%#v", err)
	}
	if exists {
		t.Fatalf("Expected existence check to return false but instead returned: %t", exists)
	}

	// Populte storage with a client
	client := &client{}
	entry, _ := logical.StorageEntryJSON(clientPath+clientName, client)
	if err := storage.Put(ctx, entry); err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("writing to in mem storage failed")
	}

	// Expect true with a populated storage
	exists, err = c.identityStore.pathOIDCClientExistenceCheck(
		ctx,
		&logical.Request{
			Storage: storage,
		},
		&framework.FieldData{
			Raw: map[string]interface{}{"name": clientName},
			Schema: map[string]*framework.FieldSchema{
				"name": {
					Type: framework.TypeString,
				},
			},
		},
	)
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("Error during existence check on an expected nil entry, err:\n%#v", err)
	}
	if !exists {
		t.Fatalf("Expected existence check to return true but instead returned: %t", exists)
	}
}

// TestOIDC_Path_OIDC_ProviderScope_ReservedName tests that the reserved name
// "openid" cannot be used when creating a scope
func TestOIDC_Path_OIDC_ProviderScope_ReservedName(t *testing.T) {
	c, _, _ := TestCoreUnsealed(t)
	ctx := namespace.RootContext(nil)
	storage := &logical.InmemStorage{}

	// Create a test scope "test-scope" -- should succeed
	resp, err := c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/scope/openid",
		Operation: logical.CreateOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})
	expectError(t, resp, err)
	// validate error message
	expectedStrings := map[string]interface{}{
		"the \"openid\" scope name is reserved": true,
	}
	expectStrings(t, []string{resp.Data["error"].(string)}, expectedStrings)
}

// TestOIDC_Path_OIDC_ProviderScope_TemplateValidation tests that the template
// validation does not allow restricted claims
func TestOIDC_Path_OIDC_ProviderScope_TemplateValidation(t *testing.T) {
	c, _, _ := TestCoreUnsealed(t)
	ctx := namespace.RootContext(nil)
	storage := &logical.InmemStorage{}

	testCases := []struct {
		templ         string
		restrictedKey string
	}{
		{
			templ:         `{"aud": "client-12345", "other": "test"}`,
			restrictedKey: "aud",
		},
		{
			templ:         `{"exp": 1311280970, "other": "test"}`,
			restrictedKey: "exp",
		},
		{
			templ:         `{"iat": 1311280970, "other": "test"}`,
			restrictedKey: "iat",
		},
		{
			templ:         `{"iss": "https://openid.c2id.com", "other": "test"}`,
			restrictedKey: "iss",
		},
		{
			templ:         `{"namespace": "n-0S6_WzA2Mj", "other": "test"}`,
			restrictedKey: "namespace",
		},
		{
			templ:         `{"sub": "alice", "other": "test"}`,
			restrictedKey: "sub",
		},
	}
	for _, tc := range testCases {
		encodedTempl := base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString([]byte(tc.templ))
		// Create a test scope "test-scope" -- should fail
		resp, err := c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
			Path:      "oidc/scope/test-scope",
			Operation: logical.CreateOperation,
			Storage:   storage,
			Data: map[string]interface{}{
				"template":    encodedTempl,
				"description": "my-description",
			},
		})
		expectError(t, resp, err)
		errString := fmt.Sprintf(
			"top level key %q not allowed. Restricted keys: iat, aud, exp, iss, sub, namespace",
			tc.restrictedKey,
		)
		// validate error message
		expectedStrings := map[string]interface{}{
			errString: true,
		}
		expectStrings(t, []string{resp.Data["error"].(string)}, expectedStrings)
	}
}

// TestOIDC_Path_OIDC_ProviderScope tests CRUD operations for scopes
func TestOIDC_Path_OIDC_ProviderScope(t *testing.T) {
	c, _, _ := TestCoreUnsealed(t)
	ctx := namespace.RootContext(nil)
	storage := &logical.InmemStorage{}

	// Create a test scope "test-scope" -- should succeed
	resp, err := c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/scope/test-scope",
		Operation: logical.CreateOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)

	// Read "test-scope" and validate
	resp, err = c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/scope/test-scope",
		Operation: logical.ReadOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)
	expected := map[string]interface{}{
		"template":    "",
		"description": "",
	}
	if diff := deep.Equal(expected, resp.Data); diff != nil {
		t.Fatal(diff)
	}

	templ := `{ "groups": {{identity.entity.groups.names}} }`
	encodedTempl := base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString([]byte(templ))
	// Update "test-scope" -- should succeed
	resp, err = c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/scope/test-scope",
		Operation: logical.UpdateOperation,
		Data: map[string]interface{}{
			"template":    encodedTempl,
			"description": "my-description",
		},
		Storage: storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)

	// Read "test-scope" again and validate
	resp, err = c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/scope/test-scope",
		Operation: logical.ReadOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)
	expected = map[string]interface{}{
		"template":    templ,
		"description": "my-description",
	}
	if diff := deep.Equal(expected, resp.Data); diff != nil {
		t.Fatal(diff)
	}

	// Delete test-scope -- should succeed
	resp, err = c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/scope/test-scope",
		Operation: logical.DeleteOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)

	// Read "test-scope" again and validate
	resp, _ = c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/scope/test-scope",
		Operation: logical.ReadOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})
	if resp != nil {
		t.Fatalf("expected nil but got resp: %#v", resp)
	}
}

// TestOIDC_Path_OIDC_ProviderScope_Update tests Update operations for scopes
func TestOIDC_Path_OIDC_ProviderScope_Update(t *testing.T) {
	c, _, _ := TestCoreUnsealed(t)
	ctx := namespace.RootContext(nil)
	storage := &logical.InmemStorage{}

	templ := `{ "groups": {{identity.entity.groups.names}} }`
	encodedTempl := base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString([]byte(templ))
	// Create a test scope "test-scope" -- should succeed
	resp, err := c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/scope/test-scope",
		Operation: logical.CreateOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
		Data: map[string]interface{}{
			"template":    encodedTempl,
			"description": "my-description",
		},
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)

	// Read "test-scope" and validate
	resp, err = c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/scope/test-scope",
		Operation: logical.ReadOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)
	expected := map[string]interface{}{
		"template":    templ,
		"description": "my-description",
	}
	if diff := deep.Equal(expected, resp.Data); diff != nil {
		t.Fatal(diff)
	}

	// Update "test-scope" -- should succeed
	resp, err = c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/scope/test-scope",
		Operation: logical.UpdateOperation,
		Data: map[string]interface{}{
			"template":    encodedTempl,
			"description": "my-description-2",
		},
		Storage: storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)

	// Read "test-scope" again and validate
	resp, err = c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/scope/test-scope",
		Operation: logical.ReadOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)
	expected = map[string]interface{}{
		"template":    "{ \"groups\": {{identity.entity.groups.names}} }",
		"description": "my-description-2",
	}
	if diff := deep.Equal(expected, resp.Data); diff != nil {
		t.Fatal(diff)
	}
}

// TestOIDC_Path_OIDC_ProviderScope_List tests the List operation for scopes
func TestOIDC_Path_OIDC_ProviderScope_List(t *testing.T) {
	c, _, _ := TestCoreUnsealed(t)
	ctx := namespace.RootContext(nil)
	storage := &logical.InmemStorage{}

	// Prepare two scopes, test-scope1 and test-scope2
	c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/scope/test-scope1",
		Operation: logical.CreateOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})

	c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/scope/test-scope2",
		Operation: logical.CreateOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})

	// list scopes
	respListScopes, listErr := c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/scope",
		Operation: logical.ListOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, respListScopes, listErr)

	// validate list response
	expectedStrings := map[string]interface{}{"test-scope1": true, "test-scope2": true}
	expectStrings(t, respListScopes.Data["keys"].([]string), expectedStrings)

	// delete test-scope2
	c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/scope/test-scope2",
		Operation: logical.DeleteOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})

	// list scopes again and validate response
	respListScopeAfterDelete, listErrAfterDelete := c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/scope",
		Operation: logical.ListOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, respListScopeAfterDelete, listErrAfterDelete)

	// validate list response
	delete(expectedStrings, "test-scope2")
	expectStrings(t, respListScopeAfterDelete.Data["keys"].([]string), expectedStrings)
}

// TestOIDC_pathOIDCScopeExistenceCheck tests pathOIDCScopeExistenceCheck
func TestOIDC_pathOIDCScopeExistenceCheck(t *testing.T) {
	c, _, _ := TestCoreUnsealed(t)
	ctx := namespace.RootContext(nil)
	storage := &logical.InmemStorage{}

	scopeName := "test"

	// Expect nil with empty storage
	exists, err := c.identityStore.pathOIDCScopeExistenceCheck(
		ctx,
		&logical.Request{
			Storage: storage,
		},
		&framework.FieldData{
			Raw: map[string]interface{}{"name": scopeName},
			Schema: map[string]*framework.FieldSchema{
				"name": {
					Type: framework.TypeString,
				},
			},
		},
	)
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("Error during existence check on an expected nil entry, err:\n%#v", err)
	}
	if exists {
		t.Fatalf("Expected existence check to return false but instead returned: %t", exists)
	}

	// Populte storage with a scope
	scope := &scope{}
	entry, _ := logical.StorageEntryJSON(scopePath+scopeName, scope)
	if err := storage.Put(ctx, entry); err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("writing to in mem storage failed")
	}

	// Expect true with a populated storage
	exists, err = c.identityStore.pathOIDCScopeExistenceCheck(
		ctx,
		&logical.Request{
			Storage: storage,
		},
		&framework.FieldData{
			Raw: map[string]interface{}{"name": scopeName},
			Schema: map[string]*framework.FieldSchema{
				"name": {
					Type: framework.TypeString,
				},
			},
		},
	)
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("Error during existence check on an expected nil entry, err:\n%#v", err)
	}
	if !exists {
		t.Fatalf("Expected existence check to return true but instead returned: %t", exists)
	}
}

// TestOIDC_Path_OIDC_ProviderScope_DeleteWithExistingProvider tests that a
// Scope cannot be deleted when it is referenced by a provider
func TestOIDC_Path_OIDC_ProviderScope_DeleteWithExistingProvider(t *testing.T) {
	c, _, _ := TestCoreUnsealed(t)
	ctx := namespace.RootContext(nil)
	storage := &logical.InmemStorage{}

	// Create a test scope "test-scope" -- should succeed
	resp, err := c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/scope/test-scope",
		Operation: logical.CreateOperation,
		Data: map[string]interface{}{
			"template":    `{"groups": "{{identity.entity.groups.names}}"}`,
			"description": "my-description",
		},
		Storage: storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)

	// Create a test provider "test-provider"
	c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/provider/test-provider",
		Operation: logical.CreateOperation,
		Data: map[string]interface{}{
			"scopes": []string{"test-scope"},
		},
		Storage: storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)

	// Delete test-scope -- should fail
	resp, err = c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/scope/test-scope",
		Operation: logical.DeleteOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})
	expectError(t, resp, err)
	// validate error message
	expectedStrings := map[string]interface{}{
		"unable to delete scope \"test-scope\" because it is currently referenced by these providers: test-provider": true,
	}
	expectStrings(t, []string{resp.Data["error"].(string)}, expectedStrings)

	// Read "test-scope" again and validate
	resp, err = c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/scope/test-scope",
		Operation: logical.ReadOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)
}

// TestOIDC_Path_OIDC_ProviderAssignment tests CRUD operations for assignments
func TestOIDC_Path_OIDC_ProviderAssignment(t *testing.T) {
	c, _, _ := TestCoreUnsealed(t)
	ctx := namespace.RootContext(nil)
	storage := &logical.InmemStorage{}

	// Create a test assignment "test-assignment" -- should succeed
	resp, err := c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/assignment/test-assignment",
		Operation: logical.CreateOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)

	// Read "test-assignment" and validate
	resp, err = c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/assignment/test-assignment",
		Operation: logical.ReadOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)
	expected := map[string]interface{}{
		"groups":   []string{},
		"entities": []string{},
	}
	if diff := deep.Equal(expected, resp.Data); diff != nil {
		t.Fatal(diff)
	}

	// Update "test-assignment" -- should succeed
	resp, err = c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/assignment/test-assignment",
		Operation: logical.UpdateOperation,
		Data: map[string]interface{}{
			"groups":   "my-group",
			"entities": "my-entity",
		},
		Storage: storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)

	// Read "test-assignment" again and validate
	resp, err = c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/assignment/test-assignment",
		Operation: logical.ReadOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)
	expected = map[string]interface{}{
		"groups":   []string{"my-group"},
		"entities": []string{"my-entity"},
	}
	if diff := deep.Equal(expected, resp.Data); diff != nil {
		t.Fatal(diff)
	}

	// Delete test-assignment -- should succeed
	resp, err = c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/assignment/test-assignment",
		Operation: logical.DeleteOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)

	// Read "test-assignment" again and validate
	resp, _ = c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/assignment/test-assignment",
		Operation: logical.ReadOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})
	if resp != nil {
		t.Fatalf("expected nil but got resp: %#v", resp)
	}
}

// TestOIDC_Path_OIDC_ProviderAssignment_DeleteWithExistingClient tests that an
// assignment cannot be deleted when it is referenced by a client
func TestOIDC_Path_OIDC_ProviderAssignment_DeleteWithExistingClient(t *testing.T) {
	c, _, _ := TestCoreUnsealed(t)
	ctx := namespace.RootContext(nil)
	storage := &logical.InmemStorage{}

	// Create a test assignment "test-assignment" -- should succeed
	resp, err := c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/assignment/test-assignment",
		Operation: logical.CreateOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)

	// Create a test key "test-key"
	c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/key/test-key",
		Operation: logical.CreateOperation,
		Data: map[string]interface{}{
			"verification_ttl": "2m",
			"rotation_period":  "2m",
		},
		Storage: storage,
	})

	// Create a test client "test-client" -- should succeed
	resp, err = c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/client/test-client",
		Operation: logical.CreateOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
		Data: map[string]interface{}{
			"key":         "test-key",
			"assignments": []string{"test-assignment"},
		},
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)

	// Delete test-assignment -- should fail
	resp, err = c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/assignment/test-assignment",
		Operation: logical.DeleteOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})
	expectError(t, resp, err)
	// validate error message
	expectedStrings := map[string]interface{}{
		"unable to delete assignment \"test-assignment\" because it is currently referenced by these clients: test-client": true,
	}
	expectStrings(t, []string{resp.Data["error"].(string)}, expectedStrings)

	// Read "test-assignment" again and validate
	resp, err = c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/assignment/test-assignment",
		Operation: logical.ReadOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)
	expected := map[string]interface{}{
		"groups":   []string{},
		"entities": []string{},
	}
	if diff := deep.Equal(expected, resp.Data); diff != nil {
		t.Fatal(diff)
	}
}

// TestOIDC_Path_OIDC_ProviderAssignment_Update tests Update operations for assignments
func TestOIDC_Path_OIDC_ProviderAssignment_Update(t *testing.T) {
	c, _, _ := TestCoreUnsealed(t)
	ctx := namespace.RootContext(nil)
	storage := &logical.InmemStorage{}

	// Create a test assignment "test-assignment" -- should succeed
	resp, err := c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/assignment/test-assignment",
		Operation: logical.CreateOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
		Data: map[string]interface{}{
			"groups":   "my-group",
			"entities": "my-entity",
		},
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)

	// Read "test-assignment" and validate
	resp, err = c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/assignment/test-assignment",
		Operation: logical.ReadOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)
	expected := map[string]interface{}{
		"groups":   []string{"my-group"},
		"entities": []string{"my-entity"},
	}
	if diff := deep.Equal(expected, resp.Data); diff != nil {
		t.Fatal(diff)
	}

	// Update "test-assignment" -- should succeed
	resp, err = c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/assignment/test-assignment",
		Operation: logical.UpdateOperation,
		Data: map[string]interface{}{
			"groups": "my-group2",
		},
		Storage: storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)

	// Read "test-assignment" again and validate
	resp, err = c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/assignment/test-assignment",
		Operation: logical.ReadOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)
	expected = map[string]interface{}{
		"groups":   []string{"my-group2"},
		"entities": []string{"my-entity"},
	}
	if diff := deep.Equal(expected, resp.Data); diff != nil {
		t.Fatal(diff)
	}
}

// TestOIDC_Path_OIDC_ProviderAssignment_List tests the List operation for assignments
func TestOIDC_Path_OIDC_ProviderAssignment_List(t *testing.T) {
	c, _, _ := TestCoreUnsealed(t)
	ctx := namespace.RootContext(nil)
	storage := &logical.InmemStorage{}

	// Prepare two assignments, test-assignment1 and test-assignment2
	c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/assignment/test-assignment1",
		Operation: logical.CreateOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})

	c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/assignment/test-assignment2",
		Operation: logical.CreateOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})

	// list assignments
	respListAssignments, listErr := c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/assignment",
		Operation: logical.ListOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, respListAssignments, listErr)

	// validate list response
	expectedStrings := map[string]interface{}{"test-assignment1": true, "test-assignment2": true}
	expectStrings(t, respListAssignments.Data["keys"].([]string), expectedStrings)

	// delete test-assignment2
	c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/assignment/test-assignment2",
		Operation: logical.DeleteOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})

	// list assignments again and validate response
	respListAssignmentAfterDelete, listErrAfterDelete := c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/assignment",
		Operation: logical.ListOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, respListAssignmentAfterDelete, listErrAfterDelete)

	// validate list response
	delete(expectedStrings, "test-assignment2")
	expectStrings(t, respListAssignmentAfterDelete.Data["keys"].([]string), expectedStrings)
}

// TestOIDC_pathOIDCAssignmentExistenceCheck tests pathOIDCAssignmentExistenceCheck
func TestOIDC_pathOIDCAssignmentExistenceCheck(t *testing.T) {
	c, _, _ := TestCoreUnsealed(t)
	ctx := namespace.RootContext(nil)
	storage := &logical.InmemStorage{}

	assignmentName := "test"

	// Expect nil with empty storage
	exists, err := c.identityStore.pathOIDCAssignmentExistenceCheck(
		ctx,
		&logical.Request{
			Storage: storage,
		},
		&framework.FieldData{
			Raw: map[string]interface{}{"name": assignmentName},
			Schema: map[string]*framework.FieldSchema{
				"name": {
					Type: framework.TypeString,
				},
			},
		},
	)
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("Error during existence check on an expected nil entry, err:\n%#v", err)
	}
	if exists {
		t.Fatalf("Expected existence check to return false but instead returned: %t", exists)
	}

	// Populte storage with a assignment
	assignment := &assignment{}
	entry, _ := logical.StorageEntryJSON(assignmentPath+assignmentName, assignment)
	if err := storage.Put(ctx, entry); err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("writing to in mem storage failed")
	}

	// Expect true with a populated storage
	exists, err = c.identityStore.pathOIDCAssignmentExistenceCheck(
		ctx,
		&logical.Request{
			Storage: storage,
		},
		&framework.FieldData{
			Raw: map[string]interface{}{"name": assignmentName},
			Schema: map[string]*framework.FieldSchema{
				"name": {
					Type: framework.TypeString,
				},
			},
		},
	)
	if err != nil {
		t.Fatalf("Error during existence check on an expected nil entry, err:\n%#v", err)
	}
	if !exists {
		t.Fatalf("Expected existence check to return true but instead returned: %t", exists)
	}
}

// TestOIDC_Path_OIDCProvider tests CRUD operations for providers
func TestOIDC_Path_OIDCProvider(t *testing.T) {
	c, _, _ := TestCoreUnsealed(t)
	ctx := namespace.RootContext(nil)
	storage := &logical.InmemStorage{}

	// Create a test provider "test-provider" with non-existing scope
	// Should fail
	resp, err := c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/provider/test-provider",
		Operation: logical.CreateOperation,
		Data: map[string]interface{}{
			"scopes": []string{"test-scope"},
		},
		Storage: storage,
	})
	expectError(t, resp, err)
	// validate error message
	expectedStrings := map[string]interface{}{
		"scope \"test-scope\" does not exist": true,
	}
	expectStrings(t, []string{resp.Data["error"].(string)}, expectedStrings)

	// Create a test provider "test-provider" with no scopes -- should succeed
	resp, err = c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/provider/test-provider",
		Operation: logical.CreateOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)

	// Read "test-provider" and validate
	resp, err = c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/provider/test-provider",
		Operation: logical.ReadOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)
	expected := map[string]interface{}{
		"issuer":             "",
		"allowed_client_ids": []string{},
		"scopes":             []string{},
	}
	if diff := deep.Equal(expected, resp.Data); diff != nil {
		t.Fatal(diff)
	}

	// Create a test scope "test-scope" -- should succeed
	resp, err = c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/scope/test-scope",
		Operation: logical.CreateOperation,
		Data: map[string]interface{}{
			"template":    `{"groups": {{identity.entity.groups.names}} }`,
			"description": "my-description",
		},
		Storage: storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)

	// Update "test-provider" -- should succeed
	resp, err = c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/provider/test-provider",
		Operation: logical.UpdateOperation,
		Data: map[string]interface{}{
			"allowed_client_ids": []string{"test-client-id"},
			"scopes":             []string{"test-scope"},
		},
		Storage: storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)

	// Read "test-provider" again and validate
	resp, err = c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/provider/test-provider",
		Operation: logical.ReadOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)
	expected = map[string]interface{}{
		"issuer":             "",
		"allowed_client_ids": []string{"test-client-id"},
		"scopes":             []string{"test-scope"},
	}
	if diff := deep.Equal(expected, resp.Data); diff != nil {
		t.Fatal(diff)
	}

	// Update "test-provider" -- should fail issuer validation
	resp, err = c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/provider/test-provider",
		Operation: logical.UpdateOperation,
		Data: map[string]interface{}{
			"issuer": "test-issuer",
		},
		Storage: storage,
	})
	expectError(t, resp, err)
	// validate error message
	expectedStrings = map[string]interface{}{
		"invalid issuer, which must include only a scheme, host, and optional port (e.g. https://example.com:8200)": true,
	}
	expectStrings(t, []string{resp.Data["error"].(string)}, expectedStrings)

	// Update "test-provider" -- should succeed
	resp, err = c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/provider/test-provider",
		Operation: logical.UpdateOperation,
		Data: map[string]interface{}{
			"issuer": "https://example.com:8200",
		},
		Storage: storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)

	// Read "test-provider" again and validate
	resp, err = c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/provider/test-provider",
		Operation: logical.ReadOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)
	expected = map[string]interface{}{
		"issuer":             "https://example.com:8200",
		"allowed_client_ids": []string{"test-client-id"},
		"scopes":             []string{"test-scope"},
	}
	if diff := deep.Equal(expected, resp.Data); diff != nil {
		t.Fatal(diff)
	}

	// Delete test-provider -- should succeed
	resp, err = c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/provider/test-provider",
		Operation: logical.DeleteOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)

	// Read "test-provider" again and validate
	resp, _ = c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/provider/test-provider",
		Operation: logical.ReadOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})
	if resp != nil {
		t.Fatalf("expected nil but got resp: %#v", resp)
	}
}

// TestOIDC_Path_OIDCProvider_DuplicateTempalteKeys tests that no two
// scopes have the same top-level keys when creating a provider
func TestOIDC_Path_OIDCProvider_DuplicateTemplateKeys(t *testing.T) {
	c, _, _ := TestCoreUnsealed(t)
	ctx := namespace.RootContext(nil)
	storage := &logical.InmemStorage{}

	// Create a test scope "test-scope1" -- should succeed
	resp, err := c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/scope/test-scope1",
		Operation: logical.CreateOperation,
		Data: map[string]interface{}{
			"template":    `{"groups": {{identity.entity.groups.names}} }`,
			"description": "desc1",
		},
		Storage: storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)

	// Create another test scope "test-scope2" -- should succeed
	resp, err = c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/scope/test-scope2",
		Operation: logical.CreateOperation,
		Data: map[string]interface{}{
			"template":    `{"groups": {{identity.entity.groups.names}} }`,
			"description": "desc2",
		},
		Storage: storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)

	// Create a test provider "test-provider" with scopes that have same top-level keys
	// Should fail
	resp, err = c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/provider/test-provider",
		Operation: logical.CreateOperation,
		Data: map[string]interface{}{
			"scopes": []string{"test-scope1", "test-scope2"},
		},
		Storage: storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)
	if resp.Warnings[0] != "Found scope templates with conflicting top-level keys: conflict \"groups\" in scopes \"test-scope2\", \"test-scope1\". This may result in an error if the scopes are requested in an OIDC Authentication Request." {
		t.Fatalf("expected a warning for conflicting keys, got %s", resp.Warnings[0])
	}

	// // Update "test-scope1" -- should succeed
	resp, err = c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/scope/test-scope1",
		Operation: logical.UpdateOperation,
		Data: map[string]interface{}{
			"template": `{"roles": {{identity.entity.groups.names}} }`,
		},
		Storage: storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)

	// Create a test provider "test-provider" with updated scopes
	resp, err = c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/provider/test-provider",
		Operation: logical.CreateOperation,
		Data: map[string]interface{}{
			"scopes": []string{"test-scope1", "test-scope2"},
		},
		Storage: storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)
}

// TestOIDC_Path_OIDCProvider_DeDuplication tests that a
// provider doensn't have duplicate scopes or client IDs
func TestOIDC_Path_OIDCProvider_Deduplication(t *testing.T) {
	c, _, _ := TestCoreUnsealed(t)
	ctx := namespace.RootContext(nil)
	storage := &logical.InmemStorage{}

	// Create a test scope "test-scope1" -- should succeed
	resp, err := c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/scope/test-scope1",
		Operation: logical.CreateOperation,
		Data: map[string]interface{}{
			"template":    `{"groups": {{identity.entity.groups.names}} }`,
			"description": "desc1",
		},
		Storage: storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)

	// Create a test provider "test-provider" with duplicates
	resp, err = c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/provider/test-provider",
		Operation: logical.CreateOperation,
		Data: map[string]interface{}{
			"scopes":             []string{"test-scope1", "test-scope1"},
			"allowed_client_ids": []string{"test-id1", "test-id2", "test-id1"},
		},
		Storage: storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)

	// Read "test-provider" again and validate
	resp, err = c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/provider/test-provider",
		Operation: logical.ReadOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)
	expected := map[string]interface{}{
		"issuer":             "",
		"allowed_client_ids": []string{"test-id1", "test-id2"},
		"scopes":             []string{"test-scope1"},
	}
	if diff := deep.Equal(expected, resp.Data); diff != nil {
		t.Fatal(diff)
	}
}

// TestOIDC_Path_OIDCProvider_Update tests Update operations for providers
func TestOIDC_Path_OIDCProvider_Update(t *testing.T) {
	c, _, _ := TestCoreUnsealed(t)
	ctx := namespace.RootContext(nil)
	storage := &logical.InmemStorage{}

	// Create a test provider "test-provider" -- should succeed
	resp, err := c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/provider/test-provider",
		Operation: logical.CreateOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
		Data: map[string]interface{}{
			"issuer":             "https://example.com:8200",
			"allowed_client_ids": []string{"test-client-id"},
		},
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)

	// Read "test-provider" and validate
	resp, err = c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/provider/test-provider",
		Operation: logical.ReadOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)
	expected := map[string]interface{}{
		"issuer":             "https://example.com:8200",
		"allowed_client_ids": []string{"test-client-id"},
		"scopes":             []string{},
	}
	if diff := deep.Equal(expected, resp.Data); diff != nil {
		t.Fatal(diff)
	}

	// Update "test-provider" -- should succeed
	resp, err = c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/provider/test-provider",
		Operation: logical.UpdateOperation,
		Data: map[string]interface{}{
			"issuer": "https://changedurl.com",
		},
		Storage: storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)

	// Read "test-provider" again and validate
	resp, err = c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/provider/test-provider",
		Operation: logical.ReadOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, resp, err)
	expected = map[string]interface{}{
		"issuer":             "https://changedurl.com",
		"allowed_client_ids": []string{"test-client-id"},
		"scopes":             []string{},
	}
	if diff := deep.Equal(expected, resp.Data); diff != nil {
		t.Fatal(diff)
	}
}

// TestOIDC_Path_OIDC_ProviderList tests the List operation for providers
func TestOIDC_Path_OIDC_Provider_List(t *testing.T) {
	c, _, _ := TestCoreUnsealed(t)
	ctx := namespace.RootContext(nil)
	storage := &logical.InmemStorage{}

	// Prepare two providers, test-provider1 and test-provider2
	c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/provider/test-provider1",
		Operation: logical.CreateOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})

	c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/provider/test-provider2",
		Operation: logical.CreateOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})

	// list providers
	respListProviders, listErr := c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/provider",
		Operation: logical.ListOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, respListProviders, listErr)

	// validate list response
	expectedStrings := map[string]interface{}{"test-provider1": true, "test-provider2": true}
	expectStrings(t, respListProviders.Data["keys"].([]string), expectedStrings)

	// delete test-provider2
	c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/provider/test-provider2",
		Operation: logical.DeleteOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})

	// list providers again and validate response
	respListProvidersAfterDelete, listErrAfterDelete := c.identityStore.HandleRequest(ctx, &logical.Request{
		Path:      "oidc/provider",
		Operation: logical.ListOperation,
		Storage:   storage,
	})
	expectSuccess(t, respListProvidersAfterDelete, listErrAfterDelete)

	// validate list response
	delete(expectedStrings, "test-provider2")
	expectStrings(t, respListProvidersAfterDelete.Data["keys"].([]string), expectedStrings)
}