open-vault/physical/consul/consul.go

816 lines
23 KiB
Go

package consul
import (
"context"
"errors"
"fmt"
"io/ioutil"
"net"
"net/http"
"net/url"
"regexp"
"strconv"
"strings"
"sync"
"sync/atomic"
"time"
"golang.org/x/net/http2"
log "github.com/mgutz/logxi/v1"
"crypto/tls"
"crypto/x509"
"github.com/armon/go-metrics"
"github.com/hashicorp/consul/api"
"github.com/hashicorp/consul/lib"
"github.com/hashicorp/errwrap"
multierror "github.com/hashicorp/go-multierror"
"github.com/hashicorp/vault/helper/consts"
"github.com/hashicorp/vault/helper/parseutil"
"github.com/hashicorp/vault/helper/strutil"
"github.com/hashicorp/vault/helper/tlsutil"
"github.com/hashicorp/vault/physical"
)
const (
// checkJitterFactor specifies the jitter factor used to stagger checks
checkJitterFactor = 16
// checkMinBuffer specifies provides a guarantee that a check will not
// be executed too close to the TTL check timeout
checkMinBuffer = 100 * time.Millisecond
// consulRetryInterval specifies the retry duration to use when an
// API call to the Consul agent fails.
consulRetryInterval = 1 * time.Second
// defaultCheckTimeout changes the timeout of TTL checks
defaultCheckTimeout = 5 * time.Second
// DefaultServiceName is the default Consul service name used when
// advertising a Vault instance.
DefaultServiceName = "vault"
// reconcileTimeout is how often Vault should query Consul to detect
// and fix any state drift.
reconcileTimeout = 60 * time.Second
// consistencyModeDefault is the configuration value used to tell
// consul to use default consistency.
consistencyModeDefault = "default"
// consistencyModeStrong is the configuration value used to tell
// consul to use strong consistency.
consistencyModeStrong = "strong"
)
type notifyEvent struct{}
// Verify ConsulBackend satisfies the correct interfaces
var _ physical.Backend = (*ConsulBackend)(nil)
var _ physical.HABackend = (*ConsulBackend)(nil)
var _ physical.Lock = (*ConsulLock)(nil)
var _ physical.Transactional = (*ConsulBackend)(nil)
var (
hostnameRegex = regexp.MustCompile(`^(([a-zA-Z0-9]|[a-zA-Z0-9][a-zA-Z0-9\-]*[a-zA-Z0-9])\.)*([A-Za-z0-9]|[A-Za-z0-9][A-Za-z0-9\-]*[A-Za-z0-9])$`)
)
// ConsulBackend is a physical backend that stores data at specific
// prefix within Consul. It is used for most production situations as
// it allows Vault to run on multiple machines in a highly-available manner.
type ConsulBackend struct {
path string
logger log.Logger
client *api.Client
kv *api.KV
permitPool *physical.PermitPool
serviceLock sync.RWMutex
redirectHost string
redirectPort int64
serviceName string
serviceTags []string
disableRegistration bool
checkTimeout time.Duration
consistencyMode string
notifyActiveCh chan notifyEvent
notifySealedCh chan notifyEvent
}
// NewConsulBackend constructs a Consul backend using the given API client
// and the prefix in the KV store.
func NewConsulBackend(conf map[string]string, logger log.Logger) (physical.Backend, error) {
// Get the path in Consul
path, ok := conf["path"]
if !ok {
path = "vault/"
}
if logger.IsDebug() {
logger.Debug("physical/consul: config path set", "path", path)
}
// Ensure path is suffixed but not prefixed
if !strings.HasSuffix(path, "/") {
logger.Warn("physical/consul: appending trailing forward slash to path")
path += "/"
}
if strings.HasPrefix(path, "/") {
logger.Warn("physical/consul: trimming path of its forward slash")
path = strings.TrimPrefix(path, "/")
}
// Allow admins to disable consul integration
disableReg, ok := conf["disable_registration"]
var disableRegistration bool
if ok && disableReg != "" {
b, err := parseutil.ParseBool(disableReg)
if err != nil {
return nil, errwrap.Wrapf("failed parsing disable_registration parameter: {{err}}", err)
}
disableRegistration = b
}
if logger.IsDebug() {
logger.Debug("physical/consul: config disable_registration set", "disable_registration", disableRegistration)
}
// Get the service name to advertise in Consul
service, ok := conf["service"]
if !ok {
service = DefaultServiceName
}
if !hostnameRegex.MatchString(service) {
return nil, errors.New("service name must be valid per RFC 1123 and can contain only alphanumeric characters or dashes")
}
if logger.IsDebug() {
logger.Debug("physical/consul: config service set", "service", service)
}
// Get the additional tags to attach to the registered service name
tags := conf["service_tags"]
if logger.IsDebug() {
logger.Debug("physical/consul: config service_tags set", "service_tags", tags)
}
checkTimeout := defaultCheckTimeout
checkTimeoutStr, ok := conf["check_timeout"]
if ok {
d, err := time.ParseDuration(checkTimeoutStr)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
min, _ := lib.DurationMinusBufferDomain(d, checkMinBuffer, checkJitterFactor)
if min < checkMinBuffer {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("Consul check_timeout must be greater than %v", min)
}
checkTimeout = d
if logger.IsDebug() {
logger.Debug("physical/consul: config check_timeout set", "check_timeout", d)
}
}
// Configure the client
consulConf := api.DefaultConfig()
// Set MaxIdleConnsPerHost to the number of processes used in expiration.Restore
consulConf.Transport.MaxIdleConnsPerHost = consts.ExpirationRestoreWorkerCount
if addr, ok := conf["address"]; ok {
consulConf.Address = addr
if logger.IsDebug() {
logger.Debug("physical/consul: config address set", "address", addr)
}
}
if scheme, ok := conf["scheme"]; ok {
consulConf.Scheme = scheme
if logger.IsDebug() {
logger.Debug("physical/consul: config scheme set", "scheme", scheme)
}
}
if token, ok := conf["token"]; ok {
consulConf.Token = token
logger.Debug("physical/consul: config token set")
}
if consulConf.Scheme == "https" {
tlsClientConfig, err := setupTLSConfig(conf)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
consulConf.Transport.TLSClientConfig = tlsClientConfig
if err := http2.ConfigureTransport(consulConf.Transport); err != nil {
return nil, err
}
logger.Debug("physical/consul: configured TLS")
}
consulConf.HttpClient = &http.Client{Transport: consulConf.Transport}
client, err := api.NewClient(consulConf)
if err != nil {
return nil, errwrap.Wrapf("client setup failed: {{err}}", err)
}
maxParStr, ok := conf["max_parallel"]
var maxParInt int
if ok {
maxParInt, err = strconv.Atoi(maxParStr)
if err != nil {
return nil, errwrap.Wrapf("failed parsing max_parallel parameter: {{err}}", err)
}
if logger.IsDebug() {
logger.Debug("physical/consul: max_parallel set", "max_parallel", maxParInt)
}
}
consistencyMode, ok := conf["consistency_mode"]
if ok {
switch consistencyMode {
case consistencyModeDefault, consistencyModeStrong:
default:
return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid consistency_mode value: %s", consistencyMode)
}
} else {
consistencyMode = consistencyModeDefault
}
// Setup the backend
c := &ConsulBackend{
path: path,
logger: logger,
client: client,
kv: client.KV(),
permitPool: physical.NewPermitPool(maxParInt),
serviceName: service,
serviceTags: strutil.ParseDedupLowercaseAndSortStrings(tags, ","),
checkTimeout: checkTimeout,
disableRegistration: disableRegistration,
consistencyMode: consistencyMode,
notifyActiveCh: make(chan notifyEvent),
notifySealedCh: make(chan notifyEvent),
}
return c, nil
}
func setupTLSConfig(conf map[string]string) (*tls.Config, error) {
serverName, _, err := net.SplitHostPort(conf["address"])
switch {
case err == nil:
case strings.Contains(err.Error(), "missing port"):
serverName = conf["address"]
default:
return nil, err
}
insecureSkipVerify := false
tlsSkipVerify, ok := conf["tls_skip_verify"]
if ok && tlsSkipVerify != "" {
b, err := parseutil.ParseBool(tlsSkipVerify)
if err != nil {
return nil, errwrap.Wrapf("failed parsing tls_skip_verify parameter: {{err}}", err)
}
insecureSkipVerify = b
}
tlsMinVersionStr, ok := conf["tls_min_version"]
if !ok {
// Set the default value
tlsMinVersionStr = "tls12"
}
tlsMinVersion, ok := tlsutil.TLSLookup[tlsMinVersionStr]
if !ok {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid 'tls_min_version'")
}
tlsClientConfig := &tls.Config{
MinVersion: tlsMinVersion,
InsecureSkipVerify: insecureSkipVerify,
ServerName: serverName,
}
_, okCert := conf["tls_cert_file"]
_, okKey := conf["tls_key_file"]
if okCert && okKey {
tlsCert, err := tls.LoadX509KeyPair(conf["tls_cert_file"], conf["tls_key_file"])
if err != nil {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("client tls setup failed: %v", err)
}
tlsClientConfig.Certificates = []tls.Certificate{tlsCert}
}
if tlsCaFile, ok := conf["tls_ca_file"]; ok {
caPool := x509.NewCertPool()
data, err := ioutil.ReadFile(tlsCaFile)
if err != nil {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to read CA file: %v", err)
}
if !caPool.AppendCertsFromPEM(data) {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse CA certificate")
}
tlsClientConfig.RootCAs = caPool
}
return tlsClientConfig, nil
}
// Used to run multiple entries via a transaction
func (c *ConsulBackend) Transaction(ctx context.Context, txns []*physical.TxnEntry) error {
if len(txns) == 0 {
return nil
}
ops := make([]*api.KVTxnOp, 0, len(txns))
for _, op := range txns {
cop := &api.KVTxnOp{
Key: c.path + op.Entry.Key,
}
switch op.Operation {
case physical.DeleteOperation:
cop.Verb = api.KVDelete
case physical.PutOperation:
cop.Verb = api.KVSet
cop.Value = op.Entry.Value
default:
return fmt.Errorf("%q is not a supported transaction operation", op.Operation)
}
ops = append(ops, cop)
}
c.permitPool.Acquire()
defer c.permitPool.Release()
ok, resp, _, err := c.kv.Txn(ops, nil)
if err != nil {
return err
}
if ok && len(resp.Errors) == 0 {
return nil
}
var retErr *multierror.Error
for _, res := range resp.Errors {
retErr = multierror.Append(retErr, errors.New(res.What))
}
return retErr
}
// Put is used to insert or update an entry
func (c *ConsulBackend) Put(ctx context.Context, entry *physical.Entry) error {
defer metrics.MeasureSince([]string{"consul", "put"}, time.Now())
c.permitPool.Acquire()
defer c.permitPool.Release()
pair := &api.KVPair{
Key: c.path + entry.Key,
Value: entry.Value,
}
_, err := c.kv.Put(pair, nil)
return err
}
// Get is used to fetch an entry
func (c *ConsulBackend) Get(ctx context.Context, key string) (*physical.Entry, error) {
defer metrics.MeasureSince([]string{"consul", "get"}, time.Now())
c.permitPool.Acquire()
defer c.permitPool.Release()
var queryOptions *api.QueryOptions
if c.consistencyMode == consistencyModeStrong {
queryOptions = &api.QueryOptions{
RequireConsistent: true,
}
}
pair, _, err := c.kv.Get(c.path+key, queryOptions)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
if pair == nil {
return nil, nil
}
ent := &physical.Entry{
Key: key,
Value: pair.Value,
}
return ent, nil
}
// Delete is used to permanently delete an entry
func (c *ConsulBackend) Delete(ctx context.Context, key string) error {
defer metrics.MeasureSince([]string{"consul", "delete"}, time.Now())
c.permitPool.Acquire()
defer c.permitPool.Release()
_, err := c.kv.Delete(c.path+key, nil)
return err
}
// List is used to list all the keys under a given
// prefix, up to the next prefix.
func (c *ConsulBackend) List(ctx context.Context, prefix string) ([]string, error) {
defer metrics.MeasureSince([]string{"consul", "list"}, time.Now())
scan := c.path + prefix
// The TrimPrefix call below will not work correctly if we have "//" at the
// end. This can happen in cases where you are e.g. listing the root of a
// prefix in a logical backend via "/" instead of ""
if strings.HasSuffix(scan, "//") {
scan = scan[:len(scan)-1]
}
c.permitPool.Acquire()
defer c.permitPool.Release()
out, _, err := c.kv.Keys(scan, "/", nil)
for idx, val := range out {
out[idx] = strings.TrimPrefix(val, scan)
}
return out, err
}
// Lock is used for mutual exclusion based on the given key.
func (c *ConsulBackend) LockWith(key, value string) (physical.Lock, error) {
// Create the lock
opts := &api.LockOptions{
Key: c.path + key,
Value: []byte(value),
SessionName: "Vault Lock",
MonitorRetries: 5,
}
lock, err := c.client.LockOpts(opts)
if err != nil {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create lock: %v", err)
}
cl := &ConsulLock{
client: c.client,
key: c.path + key,
lock: lock,
consistencyMode: c.consistencyMode,
}
return cl, nil
}
// HAEnabled indicates whether the HA functionality should be exposed.
// Currently always returns true.
func (c *ConsulBackend) HAEnabled() bool {
return true
}
// DetectHostAddr is used to detect the host address by asking the Consul agent
func (c *ConsulBackend) DetectHostAddr() (string, error) {
agent := c.client.Agent()
self, err := agent.Self()
if err != nil {
return "", err
}
addr, ok := self["Member"]["Addr"].(string)
if !ok {
return "", fmt.Errorf("Unable to convert an address to string")
}
return addr, nil
}
// ConsulLock is used to provide the Lock interface backed by Consul
type ConsulLock struct {
client *api.Client
key string
lock *api.Lock
consistencyMode string
}
func (c *ConsulLock) Lock(stopCh <-chan struct{}) (<-chan struct{}, error) {
return c.lock.Lock(stopCh)
}
func (c *ConsulLock) Unlock() error {
return c.lock.Unlock()
}
func (c *ConsulLock) Value() (bool, string, error) {
kv := c.client.KV()
var queryOptions *api.QueryOptions
if c.consistencyMode == consistencyModeStrong {
queryOptions = &api.QueryOptions{
RequireConsistent: true,
}
}
pair, _, err := kv.Get(c.key, queryOptions)
if err != nil {
return false, "", err
}
if pair == nil {
return false, "", nil
}
held := pair.Session != ""
value := string(pair.Value)
return held, value, nil
}
func (c *ConsulBackend) NotifyActiveStateChange() error {
select {
case c.notifyActiveCh <- notifyEvent{}:
default:
// NOTE: If this occurs Vault's active status could be out of
// sync with Consul until reconcileTimer expires.
c.logger.Warn("physical/consul: Concurrent state change notify dropped")
}
return nil
}
func (c *ConsulBackend) NotifySealedStateChange() error {
select {
case c.notifySealedCh <- notifyEvent{}:
default:
// NOTE: If this occurs Vault's sealed status could be out of
// sync with Consul until checkTimer expires.
c.logger.Warn("physical/consul: Concurrent sealed state change notify dropped")
}
return nil
}
func (c *ConsulBackend) checkDuration() time.Duration {
return lib.DurationMinusBuffer(c.checkTimeout, checkMinBuffer, checkJitterFactor)
}
func (c *ConsulBackend) RunServiceDiscovery(waitGroup *sync.WaitGroup, shutdownCh physical.ShutdownChannel, redirectAddr string, activeFunc physical.ActiveFunction, sealedFunc physical.SealedFunction) (err error) {
if err := c.setRedirectAddr(redirectAddr); err != nil {
return err
}
// 'server' command will wait for the below goroutine to complete
waitGroup.Add(1)
go c.runEventDemuxer(waitGroup, shutdownCh, redirectAddr, activeFunc, sealedFunc)
return nil
}
func (c *ConsulBackend) runEventDemuxer(waitGroup *sync.WaitGroup, shutdownCh physical.ShutdownChannel, redirectAddr string, activeFunc physical.ActiveFunction, sealedFunc physical.SealedFunction) {
// This defer statement should be executed last. So push it first.
defer waitGroup.Done()
// Fire the reconcileTimer immediately upon starting the event demuxer
reconcileTimer := time.NewTimer(0)
defer reconcileTimer.Stop()
// Schedule the first check. Consul TTL checks are passing by
// default, checkTimer does not need to be run immediately.
checkTimer := time.NewTimer(c.checkDuration())
defer checkTimer.Stop()
// Use a reactor pattern to handle and dispatch events to singleton
// goroutine handlers for execution. It is not acceptable to drop
// inbound events from Notify*().
//
// goroutines are dispatched if the demuxer can acquire a lock (via
// an atomic CAS incr) on the handler. Handlers are responsible for
// deregistering themselves (atomic CAS decr). Handlers and the
// demuxer share a lock to synchronize information at the beginning
// and end of a handler's life (or after a handler wakes up from
// sleeping during a back-off/retry).
var shutdown bool
var checkLock int64
var registeredServiceID string
var serviceRegLock int64
for !shutdown {
select {
case <-c.notifyActiveCh:
// Run reconcile immediately upon active state change notification
reconcileTimer.Reset(0)
case <-c.notifySealedCh:
// Run check timer immediately upon a seal state change notification
checkTimer.Reset(0)
case <-reconcileTimer.C:
// Unconditionally rearm the reconcileTimer
reconcileTimer.Reset(reconcileTimeout - lib.RandomStagger(reconcileTimeout/checkJitterFactor))
// Abort if service discovery is disabled or a
// reconcile handler is already active
if !c.disableRegistration && atomic.CompareAndSwapInt64(&serviceRegLock, 0, 1) {
// Enter handler with serviceRegLock held
go func() {
defer atomic.CompareAndSwapInt64(&serviceRegLock, 1, 0)
for !shutdown {
serviceID, err := c.reconcileConsul(registeredServiceID, activeFunc, sealedFunc)
if err != nil {
if c.logger.IsWarn() {
c.logger.Warn("physical/consul: reconcile unable to talk with Consul backend", "error", err)
}
time.Sleep(consulRetryInterval)
continue
}
c.serviceLock.Lock()
defer c.serviceLock.Unlock()
registeredServiceID = serviceID
return
}
}()
}
case <-checkTimer.C:
checkTimer.Reset(c.checkDuration())
// Abort if service discovery is disabled or a
// reconcile handler is active
if !c.disableRegistration && atomic.CompareAndSwapInt64(&checkLock, 0, 1) {
// Enter handler with checkLock held
go func() {
defer atomic.CompareAndSwapInt64(&checkLock, 1, 0)
for !shutdown {
sealed := sealedFunc()
if err := c.runCheck(sealed); err != nil {
if c.logger.IsWarn() {
c.logger.Warn("physical/consul: check unable to talk with Consul backend", "error", err)
}
time.Sleep(consulRetryInterval)
continue
}
return
}
}()
}
case <-shutdownCh:
c.logger.Info("physical/consul: Shutting down consul backend")
shutdown = true
}
}
c.serviceLock.RLock()
defer c.serviceLock.RUnlock()
if err := c.client.Agent().ServiceDeregister(registeredServiceID); err != nil {
if c.logger.IsWarn() {
c.logger.Warn("physical/consul: service deregistration failed", "error", err)
}
}
}
// checkID returns the ID used for a Consul Check. Assume at least a read
// lock is held.
func (c *ConsulBackend) checkID() string {
return fmt.Sprintf("%s:vault-sealed-check", c.serviceID())
}
// serviceID returns the Vault ServiceID for use in Consul. Assume at least
// a read lock is held.
func (c *ConsulBackend) serviceID() string {
return fmt.Sprintf("%s:%s:%d", c.serviceName, c.redirectHost, c.redirectPort)
}
// reconcileConsul queries the state of Vault Core and Consul and fixes up
// Consul's state according to what's in Vault. reconcileConsul is called
// without any locks held and can be run concurrently, therefore no changes
// to ConsulBackend can be made in this method (i.e. wtb const receiver for
// compiler enforced safety).
func (c *ConsulBackend) reconcileConsul(registeredServiceID string, activeFunc physical.ActiveFunction, sealedFunc physical.SealedFunction) (serviceID string, err error) {
// Query vault Core for its current state
active := activeFunc()
sealed := sealedFunc()
agent := c.client.Agent()
catalog := c.client.Catalog()
serviceID = c.serviceID()
// Get the current state of Vault from Consul
var currentVaultService *api.CatalogService
if services, _, err := catalog.Service(c.serviceName, "", &api.QueryOptions{AllowStale: true}); err == nil {
for _, service := range services {
if serviceID == service.ServiceID {
currentVaultService = service
break
}
}
}
tags := c.fetchServiceTags(active)
var reregister bool
switch {
case currentVaultService == nil, registeredServiceID == "":
reregister = true
default:
switch {
case !strutil.EquivalentSlices(currentVaultService.ServiceTags, tags):
reregister = true
}
}
if !reregister {
// When re-registration is not required, return a valid serviceID
// to avoid registration in the next cycle.
return serviceID, nil
}
service := &api.AgentServiceRegistration{
ID: serviceID,
Name: c.serviceName,
Tags: tags,
Port: int(c.redirectPort),
Address: c.redirectHost,
EnableTagOverride: false,
}
checkStatus := api.HealthCritical
if !sealed {
checkStatus = api.HealthPassing
}
sealedCheck := &api.AgentCheckRegistration{
ID: c.checkID(),
Name: "Vault Sealed Status",
Notes: "Vault service is healthy when Vault is in an unsealed status and can become an active Vault server",
ServiceID: serviceID,
AgentServiceCheck: api.AgentServiceCheck{
TTL: c.checkTimeout.String(),
Status: checkStatus,
},
}
if err := agent.ServiceRegister(service); err != nil {
return "", errwrap.Wrapf(`service registration failed: {{err}}`, err)
}
if err := agent.CheckRegister(sealedCheck); err != nil {
return serviceID, errwrap.Wrapf(`service check registration failed: {{err}}`, err)
}
return serviceID, nil
}
// runCheck immediately pushes a TTL check.
func (c *ConsulBackend) runCheck(sealed bool) error {
// Run a TTL check
agent := c.client.Agent()
if !sealed {
return agent.PassTTL(c.checkID(), "Vault Unsealed")
} else {
return agent.FailTTL(c.checkID(), "Vault Sealed")
}
}
// fetchServiceTags returns all of the relevant tags for Consul.
func (c *ConsulBackend) fetchServiceTags(active bool) []string {
activeTag := "standby"
if active {
activeTag = "active"
}
return append(c.serviceTags, activeTag)
}
func (c *ConsulBackend) setRedirectAddr(addr string) (err error) {
if addr == "" {
return fmt.Errorf("redirect address must not be empty")
}
url, err := url.Parse(addr)
if err != nil {
return errwrap.Wrapf(fmt.Sprintf(`failed to parse redirect URL "%v": {{err}}`, addr), err)
}
var portStr string
c.redirectHost, portStr, err = net.SplitHostPort(url.Host)
if err != nil {
if url.Scheme == "http" {
portStr = "80"
} else if url.Scheme == "https" {
portStr = "443"
} else if url.Scheme == "unix" {
portStr = "-1"
c.redirectHost = url.Path
} else {
return errwrap.Wrapf(fmt.Sprintf(`failed to find a host:port in redirect address "%v": {{err}}`, url.Host), err)
}
}
c.redirectPort, err = strconv.ParseInt(portStr, 10, 0)
if err != nil || c.redirectPort < -1 || c.redirectPort > 65535 {
return errwrap.Wrapf(fmt.Sprintf(`failed to parse valid port "%v": {{err}}`, portStr), err)
}
return nil
}