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---
layout: docs
page_title: Agent Configuration
description: Learn about the configuration options available for the Nomad agent.
---
# Nomad Configuration
Nomad agents have a variety of parameters that can be specified via
configuration files or command-line flags. Configuration files are written in
[HCL][hcl]. Nomad can read and combine parameters from multiple configuration
files or directories to configure the Nomad agent.
## Load Order and Merging
The Nomad agent supports multiple configuration files, which can be provided
using the `-config` CLI flag. The flag can accept either a file or folder. In
the case of a folder, any `.hcl` and `.json` files in the folder will be loaded
and merged in lexicographical order. Directories are not loaded recursively.
For example:
```shell-session
$ nomad agent -config=server.conf -config=/etc/nomad -config=extra.json
```
This will load configuration from `server.conf`, from `.hcl` and `.json` files
under `/etc/nomad`, and finally from `extra.json`.
As each file is processed, its contents are merged into the existing
configuration. When merging, any non-empty values from the latest config file
will append or replace parameters in the current configuration. An empty value
means `""` for strings, `0` for integer or float values, and `false` for
booleans. Since empty values are ignored you cannot disable a parameter like
`server` mode once you've enabled it.
Please note that `plugin` blocks for a given plugin always replace and
override each other, rather than being merged.
Here is an example Nomad agent configuration that runs in both client and server
mode.
```hcl
data_dir = "/var/lib/nomad"
bind_addr = "0.0.0.0" # the default
advertise {
# Defaults to the first private IP address.
http = "1.2.3.4"
rpc = "1.2.3.4"
serf = "1.2.3.4:5648" # non-default ports may be specified
}
server {
enabled = true
bootstrap_expect = 3
}
client {
enabled = true
}
plugin "raw_exec" {
config {
enabled = true
}
}
consul {
address = "1.2.3.4:8500"
}
```
~> Note that it is strongly recommended **not** to operate a node as both
`client` and `server`, although this is supported to simplify development and
testing.
## General Parameters
- `acl` `(`[`ACL`]`: nil)` - Specifies configuration which is specific to ACLs.
- `addresses` `(Addresses: see below)` - Specifies the bind address for
individual network services. Any values configured in this stanza take
precedence over the default [bind_addr](#bind_addr). These values should be
specified in IP format without a port (ex. `"0.0.0.0"`). To set the port,
see the [`ports`](#ports) field. The values support [go-sockaddr/template
format][go-sockaddr/template].
- `http` - The address the HTTP server is bound to. This is the most
common bind address to change. The `http` field accepts multiple
values, separated by spaces, to bind to multiple addresses.
- `rpc` - The address to bind the internal RPC interfaces to. Should be
exposed only to other cluster members if possible.
- `serf` - The address used to bind the gossip layer to. Both a TCP and UDP
listener will be exposed on this address. Should be exposed only to other
cluster members if possible.
- `advertise` `(Advertise: see below)` - Specifies the advertise address for
individual network services. This can be used to advertise a different address
to the peers of a server or a client node to support more complex network
configurations such as NAT. This configuration is optional, and defaults to
the bind address of the specific network service if it is not provided. Any
values configured in this stanza take precedence over the default
[bind_addr](#bind_addr).
If the bind address is `0.0.0.0` then the IP address of the default private
network interface advertised. The `advertise` values may include an
alternate port, but otherwise default to the port used by the bind address.
The values support [go-sockaddr/template format][go-sockaddr/template].
- `http` - The address to advertise for the HTTP interface. This should be
reachable by all the nodes from which end users are going to use the Nomad
CLI tools.
- `rpc` - The address used to advertise to Nomad clients for connecting to Nomad
servers for RPC. This allows Nomad clients to connect to Nomad servers from
behind a NAT gateway. This address much be reachable by all Nomad client nodes.
When set, the Nomad servers will use the `advertise.serf` address for RPC
connections amongst themselves. Setting this value on a Nomad client has no
effect.
- `serf` - The address advertised for the gossip layer. This address must be
reachable from all server nodes. It is not required that clients can reach
this address. Nomad servers will communicate to each other over RPC using
the advertised Serf IP and advertised RPC Port.
- `audit` `(`[`Audit`]`: nil)` - Enterprise-only. Specifies audit logging
configuration.
- `bind_addr` `(string: "0.0.0.0")` - Specifies which address the Nomad
agent should bind to for network services, including the HTTP interface as
well as the internal gossip protocol and RPC mechanism. This should be
specified in IP format, and can be used to easily bind all network services to
the same address. It is also possible to bind the individual services to
different addresses using the [addresses](#addresses) configuration option.
Dev mode (`-dev`) defaults to localhost.
The value supports [go-sockaddr/template format][go-sockaddr/template].
- `client` `(`[`Client`]`: nil)` - Specifies configuration which is specific
to the Nomad client.
- `consul` `(`[`Consul`]`: nil)` - Specifies configuration for
connecting to Consul.
- `datacenter` `(string: "dc1")` - Specifies the data center of the local agent.
All members of a datacenter should share a local LAN connection.
- `data_dir` `(string: required)` - Specifies a local directory used to store
agent state. Client nodes use this directory by default to store temporary
allocation data as well as cluster information. Server nodes use this
directory to store cluster state, including the replicated log and snapshot
data. This must be specified as an absolute path.
- `disable_anonymous_signature` `(bool: false)` - Specifies if Nomad should
provide an anonymous signature for de-duplication with the update check.
- `disable_update_check` `(bool: false)` - Specifies if Nomad should not check
for updates and security bulletins. _This defaults to `true` in Nomad Enterprise._
- `enable_debug` `(bool: false)` - Specifies if the debugging HTTP endpoints
should be enabled. These endpoints can be used with profiling tools to dump
diagnostic information about Nomad's internals.
- `enable_syslog` `(bool: false)` - Specifies if the agent should log to syslog.
This option only works on Unix based systems.
- `http_api_response_headers` `(map<string|string>: nil)` - Specifies
user-defined headers to add to the HTTP API responses.
- `leave_on_interrupt` `(bool: false)` - Specifies if the agent should
gracefully leave when receiving the interrupt signal. By default, the agent
will exit forcefully on any signal. This value should only be set to true on
server agents if it is expected that a terminated server instance will never
join the cluster again.
- `leave_on_terminate` `(bool: false)` - Specifies if the agent should
gracefully leave when receiving the terminate signal. By default, the agent
will exit forcefully on any signal. This value should only be set to true on
server agents if it is expected that a terminated server instance will never
join the cluster again.
- `limits` - Available in Nomad 0.10.3 and later, this is a nested object that
configures limits that are enforced by the agent. The following parameters
are available:
- `https_handshake_timeout` `(string: "5s")` - Configures the limit for how
long the HTTPS server in both client and server agents will wait for a
client to complete a TLS handshake. This should be kept conservative as it
limits how many connections an unauthenticated attacker can open if
[`tls.http = true`][tls] is being used (strongly recommended in
production). Default value is `5s`. `0` disables HTTP handshake timeouts.
- `http_max_conns_per_client` `(int: 100)` - Configures a limit of how many
concurrent TCP connections a single client IP address is allowed to open to
the agent's HTTP server. This affects the HTTP servers in both client and
server agents. Default value is `100`. `0` disables HTTP connection limits.
- `rpc_handshake_timeout` `(string: "5s")` - Configures the limit for how
long servers will wait after a client TCP connection is established before
they complete the connection handshake. When TLS is used, the same timeout
applies to the TLS handshake separately from the initial protocol
negotiation. All Nomad clients should perform this immediately on
establishing a new connection. This should be kept conservative as it
limits how many connections an unauthenticated attacker can open if
TLS is being using to authenticate clients (strongly recommended in
production). When `tls.rpc` is true on servers, this limits how long the
connection and associated goroutines will be held open before the client
successfully authenticates. Default value is `5s`. `0` disables RPC handshake
timeouts.
- `rpc_max_conns_per_client` `(int: 100)` - Configures a limit of how
many concurrent TCP connections a single source IP address is allowed
to open to a single server. Client agents do not accept RPC TCP connections
directly and therefore are not affected. It affects both clients connections
and other server connections. Nomad clients multiplex many RPC calls over a
single TCP connection, except for streaming endpoints such as [log
streaming][log-api] which require their own connection when routed through
servers. A server needs at least 2 TCP connections (1 Raft, 1 RPC) per peer
server locally and in any federated region. Servers also need a TCP connection
per routed streaming endpoint concurrently in use. Only operators use streaming
endpoints; as of 0.10.3 Nomad client code does not. A reasonably low limit
significantly reduces the ability of an unauthenticated attacker to consume
unbounded resources by holding open many connections. You may need to
increase this if WAN federated servers connect via proxies or NAT gateways
or similar causing many legitimate connections from a single source IP.
Default value is `100` which is designed to support the majority of users.
`0` disables RPC connection limits. `26` is the minimum as `20` connections
are always reserved for non-streaming connections (Raft and RPC) to ensure
streaming RPCs do not prevent normal server operation. This minimum may be
lowered in the future when streaming RPCs no longer require their own TCP
connection.
- `log_level` `(string: "INFO")` - Specifies the verbosity of logs the Nomad
agent will output. Valid log levels include `WARN`, `INFO`, or `DEBUG` in
increasing order of verbosity.
- `log_json` `(bool: false)` - Output logs in a JSON format.
- `log_file` `(string: "")` - Specifies the path for logging. If the path
does not includes a filename, the filename defaults to `nomad.log`. This
setting can be combined with `log_rotate_bytes` and `log_rotate_duration` for
a fine-grained log rotation control.
- `log_rotate_bytes` `(int: 0)` - Specifies the number of bytes that should be
written to a log before it needs to be rotated. Unless specified, there is no
limit to the number of bytes that can be written to a log file.
- `log_rotate_duration` `(duration: "24h")` - Specifies the maximum duration a
log should be written to before it needs to be rotated. Must be a duration
value such as 30s.
- `log_rotate_max_files` `(int: 0)` - Specifies the maximum number of older
log file archives to keep, not including the log file currently being
written. If set to 0 no files are ever deleted. Note that the total number
of log files, for each of `stderr` and `stdout`, will be 1 greater than the
`log_rotate_max_files` value.
- `name` `(string: [hostname])` - Specifies the name of the local node. This
value is used to identify individual agents. When specified on a server, the
name must be unique within the region.
- `plugin_dir` `(string: "[data_dir]/plugins")` - Specifies the directory to
use for looking up plugins. By default, this is the top-level
[data_dir](#data_dir) suffixed with "plugins", like `"/opt/nomad/plugins"`.
This must be an absolute path.
- `plugin` `(`[`Plugin`]`: nil)` - Specifies configuration for a
specific plugin. The plugin stanza may be repeated, once for each plugin being
configured. The key of the stanza is the plugin's executable name relative to
the [plugin_dir](#plugin_dir).
- `ports` `(Port: see below)` - Specifies the network ports used for different
services required by the Nomad agent.
- `http` - The port used to run the HTTP server.
- `rpc` - The port used for internal RPC communication between
agents and servers, and for inter-server traffic for the consensus algorithm
(raft).
- `serf` - The port used for the gossip protocol for cluster
membership. Both TCP and UDP should be routable between the server nodes on
this port.
The default values are:
```hcl
ports {
http = 4646
rpc = 4647
serf = 4648
}
```
- `region` `(string: "global")` - Specifies the region the Nomad agent is a
member of. A region typically maps to a geographic region, for example `us`,
with potentially multiple zones, which map to [datacenters](#datacenter) such
as `us-west` and `us-east`.
- `sentinel` `(`[`Sentinel`]`: nil)` - Specifies configuration for Sentinel
policies.
- `server` `(`[`Server`]`: nil)` - Specifies configuration which is specific
to the Nomad server.
- `syslog_facility` `(string: "LOCAL0")` - Specifies the syslog facility to
write to. This has no effect unless `enable_syslog` is true.
- `tls` `(`[`TLS`][tls]`: nil)` - Specifies configuration for TLS.
- `vault` `(`[`Vault`]`: nil)` - Specifies configuration for
connecting to Vault.
## Configuration Reload
You can send the Nomad process a `SIGHUP` signal to reload a limited subset of
its configuration. The fields that currently support reloading are:
- [`log_level`](#log_level): the log level is reloaded but not any other
logging configuration value.
- [`tls`][tls-reload]: note this only reloads the TLS configuration between
Nomad agents (servers and clients), and not the TLS configuration for
communication with Consul or Vault.
- [`vault`][vault-reload]: note this only reloads the TLS configuration
between Nomad and Vault, but not other configuration values.
In order to reload any other configuration values, you must restart the Nomad
agent.
<EnterpriseAlert>
Nomad Enterprise requires a license. If the server.license_path
configuration or NOMAD_LICENSE_PATH environment variable are set, the
license will be reloaded from the file on a configuration reload.
</EnterpriseAlert>
If the Nomad agent receives a `SIGHUP` during initialization, it may crash
(see [GH-3885]). Ensure that the Nomad agent is able to receive RPC traffic
before attempting to reload its configuration.
## Examples
### Custom Region and Datacenter
This example shows configuring a custom region and data center for the Nomad
agent:
```hcl
region = "europe"
datacenter = "ams"
```
### Enable CORS
This example shows how to enable CORS on the HTTP API endpoints:
```hcl
http_api_response_headers {
"Access-Control-Allow-Origin" = "*"
}
```
[`acl`]: /docs/configuration/acl 'Nomad Agent ACL Configuration'
[`audit`]: /docs/configuration/audit 'Nomad Agent Audit Logging Configuration'
[`client`]: /docs/configuration/client 'Nomad Agent client Configuration'
[`consul`]: /docs/configuration/consul 'Nomad Agent consul Configuration'
[`plugin`]: /docs/configuration/plugin 'Nomad Agent Plugin Configuration'
[`sentinel`]: /docs/configuration/sentinel 'Nomad Agent sentinel Configuration'
[`server`]: /docs/configuration/server 'Nomad Agent server Configuration'
[tls]: /docs/configuration/tls 'Nomad Agent tls Configuration'
[`vault`]: /docs/configuration/vault 'Nomad Agent vault Configuration'
[go-sockaddr/template]: https://godoc.org/github.com/hashicorp/go-sockaddr/template
[log-api]: /api-docs/client#stream-logs
[hcl]: https://github.com/hashicorp/hcl 'HashiCorp Configuration Language'
[tls-reload]: /docs/configuration/tls#tls-configuration-reloads
[vault-reload]: /docs/configuration/vault#vault-configuration-reloads
[gh-3885]: https://github.com/hashicorp/nomad/issues/3885
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