---
layout: api
page_title: Variables - HTTP API
description: The /var endpoints are used to query for and interact with variables.
---

# Variables HTTP API

The `/var` and `/vars` endpoints are used to query for and interact with
variables.

See the [Variables] documentation for information how these capabilities are
used. For a CLI to perform these operations manually, please see the
documentation for the [`nomad var`] commands.

## List Variables

This endpoint lists all variables. Note this API returns only variable metadata
without decrypting the variable body.

| Method | Path       | Produces           |
|--------|------------|--------------------|
| `GET`  | `/v1/vars` | `application/json` |

The table below shows this endpoint's support for [blocking queries] and
[required ACLs].

| Blocking Queries | ACL Required                                                                            |
|------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| `YES`            | `namespace:* variables:list`<br />The list capability on the namespace and path queried |

### Parameters

- `prefix` `(string: "")` - Specifies a string to filter variables on based on
  an index prefix. This is specified as a query string parameter.

- `next_token` `(string: "")` - This endpoint supports paging. The `next_token`
  parameter accepts a string which identifies the next expected job. This value
  can be obtained from the `X-Nomad-NextToken` header from the previous
  response.

- `per_page` `(int: 0)` - Specifies a maximum number of variables to return for
  this request. If omitted, the response is not paginated. The value of the
  `X-Nomad-NextToken` header of the last response can be used as the
  `next_token` of the next request to fetch additional pages.

- `filter` `(string: "")` - Specifies the [expression](/nomad/api-docs#filtering) used
  to filter the results. Consider using pagination or a query parameter to
  reduce resources used to serve the request.

- `namespace` `(string: "default")` - Specifies the target namespace. Specifying
  `*` will return all variables across all the authorized namespaces.

### Sample Request

```shell-session
$ curl \
    https://localhost:4646/v1/vars?namespace=prod&prefix=example
```

### Sample Response

```json
[
  {
    "Namespace": "prod",
    "Path": "example/first",
    "CreateIndex": 1457,
    "ModifyIndex": 1457,
    "CreateTime": 1662061225600373000,
    "ModifyTime": 1662061225600373000
  },
  {
    "Namespace": "prod",
    "Path": "example/second",
    "CreateIndex": 800,
    "ModifyIndex": 1000,
    "CreateTime": 1662061717905426000,
    "ModifyTime": 1662062162982630000
  }
]
```

## Read Variable

This endpoint reads a specific variable by path. This API returns the decrypted
variable body.

| Method | Path               | Produces           |
|--------|--------------------|--------------------|
| `GET`  | `/v1/var/:var_path` | `application/json` |

The table below shows this endpoint's support for [blocking queries] and
[required ACLs].

| Blocking Queries | ACL Required                                                                               |
|------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| `YES`            | `namespace:* variables:read`<br />The read capability on the variable's namespace and path |

### Parameters

- `namespace` `(string: "default")` - Specifies the variable's namespace.

### Sample Request

```shell-session
$ curl \
    https://localhost:4646/v1/var/example/first?namespace=prod
```

### Sample Response

```json
{
  "Namespace": "prod",
  "Path": "example/first",
  "CreateIndex": 1457,
  "ModifyIndex": 1457,
  "CreateTime": 1662061225600373000,
  "ModifyTime": 1662061225600373000
  "Items": {
    "user": "me",
    "password": "passw0rd1"
  }
}
```

## Create Variable

This endpoint creates or updates a variable.

| Method | Path                | Produces           |
|--------|---------------------|--------------------|
| `PUT`  | `/v1/var/:var_path` | `application/json` |

The table below shows this endpoint's support for [blocking queries] and
[required ACLs].

| Blocking Queries | ACL Required                                                                                |
|------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| `NO`             | `namespace:* variables:write`<br />The read capability on the variable's namespace and path |

### Parameters

- `namespace` `(string: "default")` - Specifies the variable's namespace. If
  set, this will override the request body.

- `cas` `(int: <unset>)` - If set, the variable will only be updated if the
  `cas` value matches the current variables `ModifyIndex`. If the `cas` value is
  0, the variable is only created if it does not already exist. This paradigm
  allows check-and-set style updates.

## Restrictions

Variable paths are restricted to [RFC3986][] URL-safe characters that don't
conflict with the use of the characters `@` and `.` in template blocks. This
includes alphanumeric characters and the special characters `-`, `_`, `~`, and
`/`. Paths may be up to 128 bytes long. The following regex matches the allowed
paths: `^[a-zA-Z0-9-_~/]{1,128}$`

Variable items are restricted to 64KiB in size. This limit is calculated by
taking the sum of the length in bytes of all of the unencrypted keys and values
in the `Items` field.

### Sample Request

```shell-session
$ curl \
    -XPUT -d@spec.nsv.json \
    https://localhost:4646/v1/var/example/first
```

### Sample Payload

```json
{
  "Namespace": "prod",
  "Path": "example/first",
  "Items": {
    "user": "me",
    "password": "passw0rd1"
  }
}
```

### Sample Response

The response body returns the created or updated variable along with metadata
created by the server:

```json
{
  "Namespace": "prod",
  "Path": "example/first",
  "CreateIndex": 1457,
  "ModifyIndex": 1457,
  "CreateTime": 1662061225600373000,
  "ModifyTime": 1662061225600373000,
  "Items": {
    "user": "me",
    "password": "passw0rd1"
  }
}
```

### Sample Response for Conflict

In the case of a compare-and-set conflict, the API will return HTTP error code
409 and a response body showing the conflicting variable. If the provided ACL
token does not also have `read` permissions to the variable path, the response
will include only metadata and not the `Items` field:

```json
{
  "Namespace": "prod",
  "Path": "example/first",
  "CreateIndex": 1457,
  "ModifyIndex": 1457,
  "CreateTime": 1662061225600373000,
  "ModifyTime": 1662061225600373000,
  "Items": {
    "user": "me",
    "password": "passw0rd1"
  }
}
```


## Delete Variable

This endpoint deletes a specific variable by path.

| Method | Path               | Produces           |
|--------|--------------------|--------------------|
| `DELETE`  | `/v1/var/:var_path` | `application/json` |

The table below shows this endpoint's support for [blocking queries] and
[required ACLs].

| Blocking Queries | ACL Required                                                                                     |
|------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| `NO`             | `namespace:* variables:destroy`<br />The destroy capability on the variable's namespace and path |

### Parameters

- `namespace` `(string: "default")` - Specifies the variable's namespace.

- `cas` `(int: <unset>)` - If set, the variable will only be deleted if the
  `cas` value matches the current variables `ModifyIndex`.

### Sample Request

```shell-session
$ curl \
    -XDELETE \
    https://localhost:4646/v1/var/example/first?namespace=prod
```

### Sample Response

```json
{
  "Index": 16
}
```

### Sample Request With CAS

```shell-session
$ curl \
    -XDELETE \
    https://localhost:4646/v1/var/example/first?namespace=prod&cas=1
```

### Sample Response for Conflict

In the case of a compare-and-set conflict on delete, the API will return HTTP
error code 409 and a response body showing the conflicting variable. If the
provided ACL token does not also have `read` permissions to the variable path,
the response will include only metadata and not the `Items` field:

```json
{
  "Namespace": "prod",
  "Path": "example/first",
  "CreateIndex": 1457,
  "ModifyIndex": 1457,
  "CreateTime": 1662061225600373000,
  "ModifyTime": 1662061225600373000
}
```


[Variables]: /nomad/docs/concepts/variables
[`nomad var`]: /nomad/docs/commands/var
[blocking queries]: /nomad/api-docs#blocking-queries
[required ACLs]: /nomad/api-docs#acls
[RFC3986]: https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc3986#section-2