The iowait metric obtained from `/proc/stat` can under some circumstances
decrease. The relevant condition is when an interrupt arrives on a different
core than the one that gets woken up for the IO, and a particular counter in the
kernel for that core gets interrupted. This is documented in the man page for
the `proc(5)` pseudo-filesystem, and considered an unfortunate behavior that
can't be changed for the sake of ABI compatibility.
In Nomad, we get the current "busy" time (everything except for idle) and
compare it to the previous busy time to get the counter incremeent. If the
iowait counter decreases and the idle counter increases more than the increase
in the total busy time, we can get a negative total. This previously caused a
panic in our metrics collection (see #15861) but that is being prevented by
reporting an error message.
Fix the bug by putting a zero floor on the values we return from the host CPU
stats calculator.
Backport-of: #18835
this can save a bit of cpu when
running plans for tasks that already exist,
and prevents Nomad tokens from changing,
which can cause task template{}s to restart
unnecessarily.
When waiting on a previous alloc we must query against the leader before
switching to a stale query with index set.
Also check to ensure the response is fresh before using it like #18269
Similar to #18269, it is possible that even if Node.GetClientAllocs
retrieves fresh allocs that the subsequent Alloc.GetAllocs call
retrieves stale allocs. While `diffAlloc(existing, updated)` properly
ignores stale alloc *updates*, alloc deletions have no such check.
So if a client retrieves an alloc created at index 123, and then a
subsequent Alloc.GetAllocs call hits a new server which returns results
at index 100, the client will stop the alloc created at 123 because it
will be missing from the stale response.
This change applies the same logic as #18269 and ensures only fresh
responses are used.
Glossary:
* fresh - modified at an index > the query index
* stale - modified at an index <= the query index
We use capped exponential backoff in several places in the code when handling
failures. The code we've copy-and-pasted all over has a check to see if the
backoff is greater than the limit, but this check happens after the bitshift and
we always increment the number of attempts. This causes an overflow with a
fairly small number of failures (ex. at one place I tested it occurs after only
24 iterations), resulting in a negative backoff which then never recovers. The
backoff becomes a tight loop consuming resources and/or DoS'ing a Nomad RPC
handler or an external API such as Vault. Note this doesn't occur in places
where we cap the number of iterations so the loop breaks (usually to return an
error), so long as the number of iterations is reasonable.
Introduce a helper with a check on the cap before the bitshift to avoid overflow in all
places this can occur.
Fixes: #18199
Co-authored-by: stswidwinski <stan.swidwinski@gmail.com>
* build: update to go1.21
* go: eliminate helpers in favor of min/max
* build: run go mod tidy
* build: swap depguard for semgrep
* command: fixup broken tls error check on go1.21
There are some refactorings that have to be made in the getter and state
where the api changed in `slices`
* Bump golang.org/x/exp
* Bump golang.org/x/exp in api
* Update job_endpoint_test
* [feedback] unexport sort function
When claiming a CSI volume, we need to ensure the CSI node plugin is running
before we send any CSI RPCs. This extends even to the controller publish RPC
because it requires the storage provider's "external node ID" for the
client. This primarily impacts client restarts but also is a problem if the node
plugin exits (and fingerprints) while the allocation that needs a CSI volume
claim is being placed.
Unfortunately there's no mapping of volume to plugin ID available in the
jobspec, so we don't have enough information to wait on plugins until we either
get the volume from the server or retrieve the plugin ID from data we've
persisted on the client.
If we always require getting the volume from the server before making the claim,
a client restart for disconnected clients will cause all the allocations that
need CSI volumes to fail. Even while connected, checking in with the server to
verify the volume's plugin before trying to make a claim RPC is inherently racy,
so we'll leave that case as-is and it will fail the claim if the node plugin
needed to support a newly-placed allocation is flapping such that the node
fingerprint is changing.
This changeset persists a minimum subset of data about the volume and its plugin
in the client state DB, and retrieves that data during the CSI hook's prerun to
avoid re-claiming and remounting the volume unnecessarily.
This changeset also updates the RPC handler to use the external node ID from the
claim whenever it is available.
Fixes: #13028
* cni: ensure to setup CNI addresses in deterministic order
Currently as commented in the code the go-cni library returns an unordered map
of interfaces. In cases where there are multiple CNI interfaces being created this
creates a problem with service registration and healthchecking because the first
address in the map is being used.
The use case we have where this is an issue is that we run CNI with the macvlan
plugin to isolate workloads, but they still need to be able to access the host on
a static address to be able to perform local resolving and hit host services like
the Consul agent API. To make this work there are 2 options, you either add a
macvlan interface on the host with an assigned address for each VLAN you have or
you create an additional veth bridged interface in the container namespace.
We chose the latter option through a custom CNI plugin but the ordering issue
leaves us with incorrect service registration.
* Updates after feedback
* First check for the CNIResult interfaces length, if it's zero we don't need to proceed
at all.
* Use sorted interfaces list for the address fallback scenario as well.
* Remove "found" log message logic, when an address isn't found an error is returned stating
the allocation could not be configured as an address was missing from the CNIResult. If we
still need a Warn message then we can add it to the condition that returns the error if no
address could be found instead of using the "found" bool logic.
In #17354 we made client updates prioritized to reduce client-to-server
traffic. When the client has no previously-acknowledged update we assume that
the update is of typical priority; although we don't know that for sure in
practice an allocation will never become healthy quickly enough that the first
update we send is the update saying the alloc is healthy.
But that doesn't account for allocations that quickly fail in an unrecoverable
way because of allocrunner hook failures, and it'd be nice to be able to send
those failure states to the server more quickly. This changeset does so and adds
some extra comments on reasoning behind priority.
This complements the `env` parameter, so that the operator can author
tasks that don't share their Vault token with the workload when using
`image` filesystem isolation. As a result, more powerful tokens can be used
in a job definition, allowing it to use template stanzas to issue all kinds of
secrets (database secrets, Vault tokens with very specific policies, etc.),
without sharing that issuing power with the task itself.
This is accomplished by creating a directory called `private` within
the task's working directory, which shares many properties of
the `secrets` directory (tmpfs where possible, not accessible by
`nomad alloc fs` or Nomad's web UI), but isn't mounted into/bound to the
container.
If the `disable_file` parameter is set to `false` (its default), the Vault token
is also written to the NOMAD_SECRETS_DIR, so the default behavior is
backwards compatible. Even if the operator never changes the default,
they will still benefit from the improved behavior of Nomad never reading
the token back in from that - potentially altered - location.
In Nomad 1.5.3 we fixed a security bug that allowed bypass of ACL checks if the
request came thru a client node first. But this fix broke (knowingly) the
identification of many client-to-server RPCs. These will be now measured as if
they were anonymous. The reason for this is that many client-to-server RPCs do
not send the node secret and instead rely on the protection of mTLS.
This changeset ensures that the node secret is being sent with every
client-to-server RPC request. In a future version of Nomad we can add
enforcement on the server side, but this was left out of this changeset to
reduce risks to the safe upgrade path.
Sending the node secret as an auth token introduces a new problem during initial
introduction of a client. Clients send many RPCs concurrently with
`Node.Register`, but until the node is registered the node secret is unknown to
the server and will be rejected as invalid. This causes permission denied
errors.
To fix that, this changeset introduces a gate on having successfully made a
`Node.Register` RPC before any other RPCs can be sent (except for `Status.Ping`,
which we need earlier but which also ignores the error because that handler
doesn't do an authorization check). This ensures that we only send requests with
a node secret already known to the server. This also makes client startup a
little easier to reason about because we know `Node.Register` must succeed
first, and it should make for a good place to hook in future plans for secure
introduction of nodes. The tradeoff is that an existing client that has running
allocs will take slightly longer (a second or two) to transition to ready after
a restart, because the transition in `Node.UpdateStatus` is gated at the server
by first submitting `Node.UpdateAlloc` with client alloc updates.
* client: do not disable memory swappiness if kernel does not support it
This PR adds a workaround for very old Linux kernels which do not support
the memory swappiness interface file. Normally we write a "0" to the file
to explicitly disable swap. In the case the kernel does not support it,
give libcontainer a nil value so it does not write anything.
Fixes#17448
* client: detect swappiness by writing to the file
* fixup changelog
Co-authored-by: James Rasell <jrasell@users.noreply.github.com>
---------
Co-authored-by: James Rasell <jrasell@users.noreply.github.com>
* Fix DevicesSets being removed when cpusets are reloaded with cgroup v2
This meant that if any allocation was created or removed, all
active DevicesSets were removed from all cgroups of all tasks.
This was most noticeable with "exec" and "raw_exec", as it meant
they no longer had access to /dev files.
* e2e: add test for verifying cgroups do not interfere with access to devices
---------
Co-authored-by: Seth Hoenig <shoenig@duck.com>
