cli: respect vault token in plan command

This PR fixes a regression where the 'job plan' command would not respect
a Vault token if set via --vault-token or $VAULT_TOKEN.

Basically the same bug/fix as for the validate command in https://github.com/hashicorp/nomad/issues/13062

Fixes https://github.com/hashicorp/nomad/issues/13939

.changelog/14088.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+```release-note:bug
+cli: Fixed a bug where vault token not respected in plan command
+```

command/job_plan.go

@@ -2,11 +2,13 @@ package command
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
+	"os"
 	"sort"
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/hashicorp/nomad/api"
+	"github.com/hashicorp/nomad/helper/pointer"
 	"github.com/hashicorp/nomad/scheduler"
 	"github.com/posener/complete"
 )
@@ -62,6 +64,10 @@ Alias: nomad plan
     * 1: Allocations created or destroyed.
     * 255: Error determining plan results.
 
+  The plan command will set the vault_token of the job based on the following
+  precedence, going from highest to lowest: the -vault-token flag, the
+  $VAULT_TOKEN environment variable and finally the value in the job file.
+
   When ACLs are enabled, this command requires a token with the 'submit-job'
   capability for the job's namespace.
 
@@ -91,6 +97,22 @@ Plan Options:
   -policy-override
     Sets the flag to force override any soft mandatory Sentinel policies.
 
+  -vault-token
+    Used to validate if the user submitting the job has permission to run the job
+    according to its Vault policies. A Vault token must be supplied if the vault
+    stanza allow_unauthenticated is disabled in the Nomad server configuration.
+    If the -vault-token flag is set, the passed Vault token is added to the jobspec
+    before sending to the Nomad servers. This allows passing the Vault token
+    without storing it in the job file. This overrides the token found in the
+    $VAULT_TOKEN environment variable and the vault_token field in the job file.
+    This token is cleared from the job after validating and cannot be used within
+    the job executing environment. Use the vault stanza when templating in a job
+    with a Vault token.
+
+  -vault-namespace
+    If set, the passed Vault namespace is stored in the job before sending to the
+    Nomad servers.
+
   -var 'key=value'
     Variable for template, can be used multiple times.
 
@@ -116,6 +138,8 @@ func (c *JobPlanCommand) AutocompleteFlags() complete.Flags {
 			"-json":            complete.PredictNothing,
 			"-hcl1":            complete.PredictNothing,
 			"-hcl2-strict":     complete.PredictNothing,
+			"-vault-token":     complete.PredictAnything,
+			"-vault-namespace": complete.PredictAnything,
 			"-var":             complete.PredictAnything,
 			"-var-file":        complete.PredictFiles("*.var"),
 		})
@@ -132,6 +156,7 @@ func (c *JobPlanCommand) AutocompleteArgs() complete.Predictor {
 func (c *JobPlanCommand) Name() string { return "job plan" }
 func (c *JobPlanCommand) Run(args []string) int {
 	var diff, policyOverride, verbose bool
+	var vaultToken, vaultNamespace string
 
 	flagSet := c.Meta.FlagSet(c.Name(), FlagSetClient)
 	flagSet.Usage = func() { c.Ui.Output(c.Help()) }
@@ -141,6 +166,8 @@ func (c *JobPlanCommand) Run(args []string) int {
 	flagSet.BoolVar(&c.JobGetter.JSON, "json", false, "")
 	flagSet.BoolVar(&c.JobGetter.HCL1, "hcl1", false, "")
 	flagSet.BoolVar(&c.JobGetter.Strict, "hcl2-strict", true, "")
+	flagSet.StringVar(&vaultToken, "vault-token", "", "")
+	flagSet.StringVar(&vaultNamespace, "vault-namespace", "", "")
 	flagSet.Var(&c.JobGetter.Vars, "var", "")
 	flagSet.Var(&c.JobGetter.VarFiles, "var-file", "")
 
@@ -186,6 +213,22 @@ func (c *JobPlanCommand) Run(args []string) int {
 		client.SetNamespace(*n)
 	}
 
+	// Parse the Vault token.
+	if vaultToken == "" {
+		// Check the environment variable
+		vaultToken = os.Getenv("VAULT_TOKEN")
+	}
+
+	// Set the vault token.
+	if vaultToken != "" {
+		job.VaultToken = pointer.Of(vaultToken)
+	}
+
+	//  Set the vault namespace.
+	if vaultNamespace != "" {
+		job.VaultNamespace = pointer.Of(vaultNamespace)
+	}
+
 	// Setup the options
 	opts := &api.PlanOptions{}
 	if diff {

command/job_plan_test.go

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/hashicorp/nomad/ci"
 	"github.com/hashicorp/nomad/testutil"
 	"github.com/mitchellh/cli"
+	"github.com/shoenig/test/must"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 )
 
@@ -156,6 +157,60 @@ job "job1" {
 	ui.ErrorWriter.Reset()
 }
 
+func TestPlanCommand_From_Files(t *testing.T) {
+	ci.Parallel(t)
+
+	// Create a Vault server
+	v := testutil.NewTestVault(t)
+	defer v.Stop()
+
+	// Create a Nomad server
+	s := testutil.NewTestServer(t, func(c *testutil.TestServerConfig) {
+		c.Vault.Address = v.HTTPAddr
+		c.Vault.Enabled = true
+		c.Vault.AllowUnauthenticated = false
+		c.Vault.Token = v.RootToken
+	})
+	defer s.Stop()
+
+	t.Run("fail to place", func(t *testing.T) {
+		ui := cli.NewMockUi()
+		cmd := &JobPlanCommand{Meta: Meta{Ui: ui}}
+		args := []string{"-address", "http://" + s.HTTPAddr, "testdata/example-basic.nomad"}
+		code := cmd.Run(args)
+		require.Equal(t, 1, code) // no client running, fail to place
+		must.StrContains(t, ui.OutputWriter.String(), "WARNING: Failed to place all allocations.")
+	})
+
+	t.Run("vault no token", func(t *testing.T) {
+		ui := cli.NewMockUi()
+		cmd := &JobPlanCommand{Meta: Meta{Ui: ui}}
+		args := []string{"-address", "http://" + s.HTTPAddr, "testdata/example-vault.nomad"}
+		code := cmd.Run(args)
+		must.Eq(t, 255, code)
+		must.StrContains(t, ui.ErrorWriter.String(), "* Vault used in the job but missing Vault token")
+	})
+
+	t.Run("vault bad token via flag", func(t *testing.T) {
+		ui := cli.NewMockUi()
+		cmd := &JobPlanCommand{Meta: Meta{Ui: ui}}
+		args := []string{"-address", "http://" + s.HTTPAddr, "-vault-token=abc123", "testdata/example-vault.nomad"}
+		code := cmd.Run(args)
+		must.Eq(t, 255, code)
+		must.StrContains(t, ui.ErrorWriter.String(), "* bad token")
+	})
+
+	t.Run("vault bad token via env", func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Setenv("VAULT_TOKEN", "abc123")
+		ui := cli.NewMockUi()
+		cmd := &JobPlanCommand{Meta: Meta{Ui: ui}}
+		args := []string{"-address", "http://" + s.HTTPAddr, "testdata/example-vault.nomad"}
+		code := cmd.Run(args)
+		must.Eq(t, 255, code)
+		must.StrContains(t, ui.ErrorWriter.String(), "* bad token")
+	})
+}
+
 func TestPlanCommand_From_URL(t *testing.T) {
 	ci.Parallel(t)
 	ui := cli.NewMockUi()

website/content/docs/commands/job/plan.mdx

@@ -48,6 +48,10 @@ Plan will return one of the following exit codes:
 - 1: Allocations created or destroyed.
 - 255: Error determining plan results.
 
+The plan command will set the `vault_token` of the job based on the following
+precedence, going from highest to lowest: the `-vault-token` flag, the
+`$VAULT_TOKEN` environment variable and finally the value in the job file.
+
 When ACLs are enabled, this command requires a token with the `submit-job`
 capability for the job's namespace.
 
@@ -73,6 +77,20 @@ capability for the job's namespace.
   a variable has been supplied which is not defined within the root variables.
   Defaults to true.
 
+- `-vault-token`: Used to validate if the user submitting the job has
+  permission to run the job according to its Vault policies. A Vault token must
+  be supplied if the [`vault` stanza `allow_unauthenticated`] is disabled in
+  the Nomad server configuration. If the `-vault-token` flag is set, the passed
+  Vault token is added to the jobspec before sending to the Nomad servers. This
+  allows passing the Vault token without storing it in the job file. This
+  overrides the token found in the `$VAULT_TOKEN` environment variable and the
+  [`vault_token`] field in the job file. This token is cleared from the job
+  after planning and cannot be used within the job executing environment. Use
+  the `vault` stanza when templating in a job with a Vault token.
+
+- `-vault-namespace`: If set, the passed Vault namespace is stored in the job
+  before sending to the Nomad servers.
+
 - `-var=<key=value>`: Variable for template, can be used multiple times.
 
 - `-var-file=<path>`: Path to HCL2 file containing user variables.
@@ -241,3 +259,5 @@ if a change is detected.
 [`go-getter`]: https://github.com/hashicorp/go-getter
 [`nomad job run -check-index`]: /docs/commands/job/run#check-index
 [`tee`]: https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man1/tee.1.html
+[`vault` stanza `allow_unauthenticated`]: /docs/configuration/vault#allow_unauthenticated
+[`vault_token`]: /docs/job-specification/job#vault_token