open-consul/vendor/github.com/hashicorp/raft/raft.go

1349 lines
39 KiB
Go

package raft
import (
"bytes"
"container/list"
"fmt"
"io"
"time"
"github.com/armon/go-metrics"
)
const (
minCheckInterval = 10 * time.Millisecond
)
var (
keyCurrentTerm = []byte("CurrentTerm")
keyLastVoteTerm = []byte("LastVoteTerm")
keyLastVoteCand = []byte("LastVoteCand")
)
// getRPCHeader returns an initialized RPCHeader struct for the given
// Raft instance. This structure is sent along with RPC requests and
// responses.
func (r *Raft) getRPCHeader() RPCHeader {
return RPCHeader{
ProtocolVersion: r.conf.ProtocolVersion,
}
}
// checkRPCHeader houses logic about whether this instance of Raft can process
// the given RPC message.
func (r *Raft) checkRPCHeader(rpc RPC) error {
// Get the header off the RPC message.
wh, ok := rpc.Command.(WithRPCHeader)
if !ok {
return fmt.Errorf("RPC does not have a header")
}
header := wh.GetRPCHeader()
// First check is to just make sure the code can understand the
// protocol at all.
if header.ProtocolVersion < ProtocolVersionMin ||
header.ProtocolVersion > ProtocolVersionMax {
return ErrUnsupportedProtocol
}
// Second check is whether we should support this message, given the
// current protocol we are configured to run. This will drop support
// for protocol version 0 starting at protocol version 2, which is
// currently what we want, and in general support one version back. We
// may need to revisit this policy depending on how future protocol
// changes evolve.
if header.ProtocolVersion < r.conf.ProtocolVersion-1 {
return ErrUnsupportedProtocol
}
return nil
}
// getSnapshotVersion returns the snapshot version that should be used when
// creating snapshots, given the protocol version in use.
func getSnapshotVersion(protocolVersion ProtocolVersion) SnapshotVersion {
// Right now we only have two versions and they are backwards compatible
// so we don't need to look at the protocol version.
return 1
}
// commitTuple is used to send an index that was committed,
// with an optional associated future that should be invoked.
type commitTuple struct {
log *Log
future *logFuture
}
// leaderState is state that is used while we are a leader.
type leaderState struct {
commitCh chan struct{}
commitment *commitment
inflight *list.List // list of logFuture in log index order
replState map[ServerID]*followerReplication
notify map[*verifyFuture]struct{}
stepDown chan struct{}
}
// setLeader is used to modify the current leader of the cluster
func (r *Raft) setLeader(leader ServerAddress) {
r.leaderLock.Lock()
r.leader = leader
r.leaderLock.Unlock()
}
// requestConfigChange is a helper for the above functions that make
// configuration change requests. 'req' describes the change. For timeout,
// see AddVoter.
func (r *Raft) requestConfigChange(req configurationChangeRequest, timeout time.Duration) IndexFuture {
var timer <-chan time.Time
if timeout > 0 {
timer = time.After(timeout)
}
future := &configurationChangeFuture{
req: req,
}
future.init()
select {
case <-timer:
return errorFuture{ErrEnqueueTimeout}
case r.configurationChangeCh <- future:
return future
case <-r.shutdownCh:
return errorFuture{ErrRaftShutdown}
}
}
// run is a long running goroutine that runs the Raft FSM.
func (r *Raft) run() {
for {
// Check if we are doing a shutdown
select {
case <-r.shutdownCh:
// Clear the leader to prevent forwarding
r.setLeader("")
return
default:
}
// Enter into a sub-FSM
switch r.getState() {
case Follower:
r.runFollower()
case Candidate:
r.runCandidate()
case Leader:
r.runLeader()
}
}
}
// runFollower runs the FSM for a follower.
func (r *Raft) runFollower() {
didWarn := false
r.logger.Printf("[INFO] raft: %v entering Follower state (Leader: %q)", r, r.Leader())
metrics.IncrCounter([]string{"raft", "state", "follower"}, 1)
heartbeatTimer := randomTimeout(r.conf.HeartbeatTimeout)
for {
select {
case rpc := <-r.rpcCh:
r.processRPC(rpc)
case c := <-r.configurationChangeCh:
// Reject any operations since we are not the leader
c.respond(ErrNotLeader)
case a := <-r.applyCh:
// Reject any operations since we are not the leader
a.respond(ErrNotLeader)
case v := <-r.verifyCh:
// Reject any operations since we are not the leader
v.respond(ErrNotLeader)
case c := <-r.configurationsCh:
c.configurations = r.configurations.Clone()
c.respond(nil)
case b := <-r.bootstrapCh:
b.respond(r.liveBootstrap(b.configuration))
case <-heartbeatTimer:
// Restart the heartbeat timer
heartbeatTimer = randomTimeout(r.conf.HeartbeatTimeout)
// Check if we have had a successful contact
lastContact := r.LastContact()
if time.Now().Sub(lastContact) < r.conf.HeartbeatTimeout {
continue
}
// Heartbeat failed! Transition to the candidate state
lastLeader := r.Leader()
r.setLeader("")
if r.configurations.latestIndex == 0 {
if !didWarn {
r.logger.Printf("[WARN] raft: no known peers, aborting election")
didWarn = true
}
} else if r.configurations.latestIndex == r.configurations.committedIndex &&
!hasVote(r.configurations.latest, r.localID) {
if !didWarn {
r.logger.Printf("[WARN] raft: not part of stable configuration, aborting election")
didWarn = true
}
} else {
r.logger.Printf(`[WARN] raft: Heartbeat timeout from %q reached, starting election`, lastLeader)
metrics.IncrCounter([]string{"raft", "transition", "heartbeat_timeout"}, 1)
r.setState(Candidate)
return
}
case <-r.shutdownCh:
return
}
}
}
// liveBootstrap attempts to seed an initial configuration for the cluster. See
// the Raft object's member BootstrapCluster for more details. This must only be
// called on the main thread, and only makes sense in the follower state.
func (r *Raft) liveBootstrap(configuration Configuration) error {
// Use the pre-init API to make the static updates.
err := BootstrapCluster(&r.conf, r.logs, r.stable, r.snapshots,
r.trans, configuration)
if err != nil {
return err
}
// Make the configuration live.
var entry Log
if err := r.logs.GetLog(1, &entry); err != nil {
panic(err)
}
r.setCurrentTerm(1)
r.setLastLog(entry.Index, entry.Term)
r.processConfigurationLogEntry(&entry)
return nil
}
// runCandidate runs the FSM for a candidate.
func (r *Raft) runCandidate() {
r.logger.Printf("[INFO] raft: %v entering Candidate state in term %v",
r, r.getCurrentTerm()+1)
metrics.IncrCounter([]string{"raft", "state", "candidate"}, 1)
// Start vote for us, and set a timeout
voteCh := r.electSelf()
electionTimer := randomTimeout(r.conf.ElectionTimeout)
// Tally the votes, need a simple majority
grantedVotes := 0
votesNeeded := r.quorumSize()
r.logger.Printf("[DEBUG] raft: Votes needed: %d", votesNeeded)
for r.getState() == Candidate {
select {
case rpc := <-r.rpcCh:
r.processRPC(rpc)
case vote := <-voteCh:
// Check if the term is greater than ours, bail
if vote.Term > r.getCurrentTerm() {
r.logger.Printf("[DEBUG] raft: Newer term discovered, fallback to follower")
r.setState(Follower)
r.setCurrentTerm(vote.Term)
return
}
// Check if the vote is granted
if vote.Granted {
grantedVotes++
r.logger.Printf("[DEBUG] raft: Vote granted from %s in term %v. Tally: %d",
vote.voterID, vote.Term, grantedVotes)
}
// Check if we've become the leader
if grantedVotes >= votesNeeded {
r.logger.Printf("[INFO] raft: Election won. Tally: %d", grantedVotes)
r.setState(Leader)
r.setLeader(r.localAddr)
return
}
case c := <-r.configurationChangeCh:
// Reject any operations since we are not the leader
c.respond(ErrNotLeader)
case a := <-r.applyCh:
// Reject any operations since we are not the leader
a.respond(ErrNotLeader)
case v := <-r.verifyCh:
// Reject any operations since we are not the leader
v.respond(ErrNotLeader)
case c := <-r.configurationsCh:
c.configurations = r.configurations.Clone()
c.respond(nil)
case b := <-r.bootstrapCh:
b.respond(ErrCantBootstrap)
case <-electionTimer:
// Election failed! Restart the election. We simply return,
// which will kick us back into runCandidate
r.logger.Printf("[WARN] raft: Election timeout reached, restarting election")
return
case <-r.shutdownCh:
return
}
}
}
// runLeader runs the FSM for a leader. Do the setup here and drop into
// the leaderLoop for the hot loop.
func (r *Raft) runLeader() {
r.logger.Printf("[INFO] raft: %v entering Leader state", r)
metrics.IncrCounter([]string{"raft", "state", "leader"}, 1)
// Notify that we are the leader
asyncNotifyBool(r.leaderCh, true)
// Push to the notify channel if given
if notify := r.conf.NotifyCh; notify != nil {
select {
case notify <- true:
case <-r.shutdownCh:
}
}
// Setup leader state
r.leaderState.commitCh = make(chan struct{}, 1)
r.leaderState.commitment = newCommitment(r.leaderState.commitCh,
r.configurations.latest,
r.getLastIndex()+1 /* first index that may be committed in this term */)
r.leaderState.inflight = list.New()
r.leaderState.replState = make(map[ServerID]*followerReplication)
r.leaderState.notify = make(map[*verifyFuture]struct{})
r.leaderState.stepDown = make(chan struct{}, 1)
// Cleanup state on step down
defer func() {
// Since we were the leader previously, we update our
// last contact time when we step down, so that we are not
// reporting a last contact time from before we were the
// leader. Otherwise, to a client it would seem our data
// is extremely stale.
r.setLastContact()
// Stop replication
for _, p := range r.leaderState.replState {
close(p.stopCh)
}
// Respond to all inflight operations
for e := r.leaderState.inflight.Front(); e != nil; e = e.Next() {
e.Value.(*logFuture).respond(ErrLeadershipLost)
}
// Respond to any pending verify requests
for future := range r.leaderState.notify {
future.respond(ErrLeadershipLost)
}
// Clear all the state
r.leaderState.commitCh = nil
r.leaderState.commitment = nil
r.leaderState.inflight = nil
r.leaderState.replState = nil
r.leaderState.notify = nil
r.leaderState.stepDown = nil
// If we are stepping down for some reason, no known leader.
// We may have stepped down due to an RPC call, which would
// provide the leader, so we cannot always blank this out.
r.leaderLock.Lock()
if r.leader == r.localAddr {
r.leader = ""
}
r.leaderLock.Unlock()
// Notify that we are not the leader
asyncNotifyBool(r.leaderCh, false)
// Push to the notify channel if given
if notify := r.conf.NotifyCh; notify != nil {
select {
case notify <- false:
case <-r.shutdownCh:
// On shutdown, make a best effort but do not block
select {
case notify <- false:
default:
}
}
}
}()
// Start a replication routine for each peer
r.startStopReplication()
// Dispatch a no-op log entry first. This gets this leader up to the latest
// possible commit index, even in the absence of client commands. This used
// to append a configuration entry instead of a noop. However, that permits
// an unbounded number of uncommitted configurations in the log. We now
// maintain that there exists at most one uncommitted configuration entry in
// any log, so we have to do proper no-ops here.
noop := &logFuture{
log: Log{
Type: LogNoop,
},
}
r.dispatchLogs([]*logFuture{noop})
// Sit in the leader loop until we step down
r.leaderLoop()
}
// startStopReplication will set up state and start asynchronous replication to
// new peers, and stop replication to removed peers. Before removing a peer,
// it'll instruct the replication routines to try to replicate to the current
// index. This must only be called from the main thread.
func (r *Raft) startStopReplication() {
inConfig := make(map[ServerID]bool, len(r.configurations.latest.Servers))
lastIdx := r.getLastIndex()
// Start replication goroutines that need starting
for _, server := range r.configurations.latest.Servers {
if server.ID == r.localID {
continue
}
inConfig[server.ID] = true
if _, ok := r.leaderState.replState[server.ID]; !ok {
r.logger.Printf("[INFO] raft: Added peer %v, starting replication", server.ID)
s := &followerReplication{
peer: server,
commitment: r.leaderState.commitment,
stopCh: make(chan uint64, 1),
triggerCh: make(chan struct{}, 1),
currentTerm: r.getCurrentTerm(),
nextIndex: lastIdx + 1,
lastContact: time.Now(),
notifyCh: make(chan struct{}, 1),
stepDown: r.leaderState.stepDown,
}
r.leaderState.replState[server.ID] = s
r.goFunc(func() { r.replicate(s) })
asyncNotifyCh(s.triggerCh)
}
}
// Stop replication goroutines that need stopping
for serverID, repl := range r.leaderState.replState {
if inConfig[serverID] {
continue
}
// Replicate up to lastIdx and stop
r.logger.Printf("[INFO] raft: Removed peer %v, stopping replication after %v", serverID, lastIdx)
repl.stopCh <- lastIdx
close(repl.stopCh)
delete(r.leaderState.replState, serverID)
}
}
// configurationChangeChIfStable returns r.configurationChangeCh if it's safe
// to process requests from it, or nil otherwise. This must only be called
// from the main thread.
//
// Note that if the conditions here were to change outside of leaderLoop to take
// this from nil to non-nil, we would need leaderLoop to be kicked.
func (r *Raft) configurationChangeChIfStable() chan *configurationChangeFuture {
// Have to wait until:
// 1. The latest configuration is committed, and
// 2. This leader has committed some entry (the noop) in this term
// https://groups.google.com/forum/#!msg/raft-dev/t4xj6dJTP6E/d2D9LrWRza8J
if r.configurations.latestIndex == r.configurations.committedIndex &&
r.getCommitIndex() >= r.leaderState.commitment.startIndex {
return r.configurationChangeCh
}
return nil
}
// leaderLoop is the hot loop for a leader. It is invoked
// after all the various leader setup is done.
func (r *Raft) leaderLoop() {
// stepDown is used to track if there is an inflight log that
// would cause us to lose leadership (specifically a RemovePeer of
// ourselves). If this is the case, we must not allow any logs to
// be processed in parallel, otherwise we are basing commit on
// only a single peer (ourself) and replicating to an undefined set
// of peers.
stepDown := false
lease := time.After(r.conf.LeaderLeaseTimeout)
for r.getState() == Leader {
select {
case rpc := <-r.rpcCh:
r.processRPC(rpc)
case <-r.leaderState.stepDown:
r.setState(Follower)
case <-r.leaderState.commitCh:
// Process the newly committed entries
oldCommitIndex := r.getCommitIndex()
commitIndex := r.leaderState.commitment.getCommitIndex()
r.setCommitIndex(commitIndex)
if r.configurations.latestIndex > oldCommitIndex &&
r.configurations.latestIndex <= commitIndex {
r.configurations.committed = r.configurations.latest
r.configurations.committedIndex = r.configurations.latestIndex
if !hasVote(r.configurations.committed, r.localID) {
stepDown = true
}
}
for {
e := r.leaderState.inflight.Front()
if e == nil {
break
}
commitLog := e.Value.(*logFuture)
idx := commitLog.log.Index
if idx > commitIndex {
break
}
// Measure the commit time
metrics.MeasureSince([]string{"raft", "commitTime"}, commitLog.dispatch)
r.processLogs(idx, commitLog)
r.leaderState.inflight.Remove(e)
}
if stepDown {
if r.conf.ShutdownOnRemove {
r.logger.Printf("[INFO] raft: Removed ourself, shutting down")
r.Shutdown()
} else {
r.logger.Printf("[INFO] raft: Removed ourself, transitioning to follower")
r.setState(Follower)
}
}
case v := <-r.verifyCh:
if v.quorumSize == 0 {
// Just dispatched, start the verification
r.verifyLeader(v)
} else if v.votes < v.quorumSize {
// Early return, means there must be a new leader
r.logger.Printf("[WARN] raft: New leader elected, stepping down")
r.setState(Follower)
delete(r.leaderState.notify, v)
v.respond(ErrNotLeader)
} else {
// Quorum of members agree, we are still leader
delete(r.leaderState.notify, v)
v.respond(nil)
}
case c := <-r.configurationsCh:
c.configurations = r.configurations.Clone()
c.respond(nil)
case future := <-r.configurationChangeChIfStable():
r.appendConfigurationEntry(future)
case b := <-r.bootstrapCh:
b.respond(ErrCantBootstrap)
case newLog := <-r.applyCh:
// Group commit, gather all the ready commits
ready := []*logFuture{newLog}
for i := 0; i < r.conf.MaxAppendEntries; i++ {
select {
case newLog := <-r.applyCh:
ready = append(ready, newLog)
default:
break
}
}
// Dispatch the logs
if stepDown {
// we're in the process of stepping down as leader, don't process anything new
for i := range ready {
ready[i].respond(ErrNotLeader)
}
} else {
r.dispatchLogs(ready)
}
case <-lease:
// Check if we've exceeded the lease, potentially stepping down
maxDiff := r.checkLeaderLease()
// Next check interval should adjust for the last node we've
// contacted, without going negative
checkInterval := r.conf.LeaderLeaseTimeout - maxDiff
if checkInterval < minCheckInterval {
checkInterval = minCheckInterval
}
// Renew the lease timer
lease = time.After(checkInterval)
case <-r.shutdownCh:
return
}
}
}
// verifyLeader must be called from the main thread for safety.
// Causes the followers to attempt an immediate heartbeat.
func (r *Raft) verifyLeader(v *verifyFuture) {
// Current leader always votes for self
v.votes = 1
// Set the quorum size, hot-path for single node
v.quorumSize = r.quorumSize()
if v.quorumSize == 1 {
v.respond(nil)
return
}
// Track this request
v.notifyCh = r.verifyCh
r.leaderState.notify[v] = struct{}{}
// Trigger immediate heartbeats
for _, repl := range r.leaderState.replState {
repl.notifyLock.Lock()
repl.notify = append(repl.notify, v)
repl.notifyLock.Unlock()
asyncNotifyCh(repl.notifyCh)
}
}
// checkLeaderLease is used to check if we can contact a quorum of nodes
// within the last leader lease interval. If not, we need to step down,
// as we may have lost connectivity. Returns the maximum duration without
// contact. This must only be called from the main thread.
func (r *Raft) checkLeaderLease() time.Duration {
// Track contacted nodes, we can always contact ourself
contacted := 1
// Check each follower
var maxDiff time.Duration
now := time.Now()
for peer, f := range r.leaderState.replState {
diff := now.Sub(f.LastContact())
if diff <= r.conf.LeaderLeaseTimeout {
contacted++
if diff > maxDiff {
maxDiff = diff
}
} else {
// Log at least once at high value, then debug. Otherwise it gets very verbose.
if diff <= 3*r.conf.LeaderLeaseTimeout {
r.logger.Printf("[WARN] raft: Failed to contact %v in %v", peer, diff)
} else {
r.logger.Printf("[DEBUG] raft: Failed to contact %v in %v", peer, diff)
}
}
metrics.AddSample([]string{"raft", "leader", "lastContact"}, float32(diff/time.Millisecond))
}
// Verify we can contact a quorum
quorum := r.quorumSize()
if contacted < quorum {
r.logger.Printf("[WARN] raft: Failed to contact quorum of nodes, stepping down")
r.setState(Follower)
metrics.IncrCounter([]string{"raft", "transition", "leader_lease_timeout"}, 1)
}
return maxDiff
}
// quorumSize is used to return the quorum size. This must only be called on
// the main thread.
// TODO: revisit usage
func (r *Raft) quorumSize() int {
voters := 0
for _, server := range r.configurations.latest.Servers {
if server.Suffrage == Voter {
voters++
}
}
return voters/2 + 1
}
// appendConfigurationEntry changes the configuration and adds a new
// configuration entry to the log. This must only be called from the
// main thread.
func (r *Raft) appendConfigurationEntry(future *configurationChangeFuture) {
configuration, err := nextConfiguration(r.configurations.latest, r.configurations.latestIndex, future.req)
if err != nil {
future.respond(err)
return
}
r.logger.Printf("[INFO] raft: Updating configuration with %s (%v, %v) to %+v",
future.req.command, future.req.serverID, future.req.serverAddress, configuration.Servers)
// In pre-ID compatibility mode we translate all configuration changes
// in to an old remove peer message, which can handle all supported
// cases for peer changes in the pre-ID world (adding and removing
// voters). Both add peer and remove peer log entries are handled
// similarly on old Raft servers, but remove peer does extra checks to
// see if a leader needs to step down. Since they both assert the full
// configuration, then we can safely call remove peer for everything.
if r.protocolVersion < 2 {
future.log = Log{
Type: LogRemovePeerDeprecated,
Data: encodePeers(configuration, r.trans),
}
} else {
future.log = Log{
Type: LogConfiguration,
Data: encodeConfiguration(configuration),
}
}
r.dispatchLogs([]*logFuture{&future.logFuture})
index := future.Index()
r.configurations.latest = configuration
r.configurations.latestIndex = index
r.leaderState.commitment.setConfiguration(configuration)
r.startStopReplication()
}
// dispatchLog is called on the leader to push a log to disk, mark it
// as inflight and begin replication of it.
func (r *Raft) dispatchLogs(applyLogs []*logFuture) {
now := time.Now()
defer metrics.MeasureSince([]string{"raft", "leader", "dispatchLog"}, now)
term := r.getCurrentTerm()
lastIndex := r.getLastIndex()
logs := make([]*Log, len(applyLogs))
for idx, applyLog := range applyLogs {
applyLog.dispatch = now
lastIndex++
applyLog.log.Index = lastIndex
applyLog.log.Term = term
logs[idx] = &applyLog.log
r.leaderState.inflight.PushBack(applyLog)
}
// Write the log entry locally
if err := r.logs.StoreLogs(logs); err != nil {
r.logger.Printf("[ERR] raft: Failed to commit logs: %v", err)
for _, applyLog := range applyLogs {
applyLog.respond(err)
}
r.setState(Follower)
return
}
r.leaderState.commitment.match(r.localID, lastIndex)
// Update the last log since it's on disk now
r.setLastLog(lastIndex, term)
// Notify the replicators of the new log
for _, f := range r.leaderState.replState {
asyncNotifyCh(f.triggerCh)
}
}
// processLogs is used to apply all the committed entires that haven't been
// applied up to the given index limit.
// This can be called from both leaders and followers.
// Followers call this from AppendEntires, for n entires at a time, and always
// pass future=nil.
// Leaders call this once per inflight when entries are committed. They pass
// the future from inflights.
func (r *Raft) processLogs(index uint64, future *logFuture) {
// Reject logs we've applied already
lastApplied := r.getLastApplied()
if index <= lastApplied {
r.logger.Printf("[WARN] raft: Skipping application of old log: %d", index)
return
}
// Apply all the preceding logs
for idx := r.getLastApplied() + 1; idx <= index; idx++ {
// Get the log, either from the future or from our log store
if future != nil && future.log.Index == idx {
r.processLog(&future.log, future)
} else {
l := new(Log)
if err := r.logs.GetLog(idx, l); err != nil {
r.logger.Printf("[ERR] raft: Failed to get log at %d: %v", idx, err)
panic(err)
}
r.processLog(l, nil)
}
// Update the lastApplied index and term
r.setLastApplied(idx)
}
}
// processLog is invoked to process the application of a single committed log entry.
func (r *Raft) processLog(l *Log, future *logFuture) {
switch l.Type {
case LogBarrier:
// Barrier is handled by the FSM
fallthrough
case LogCommand:
// Forward to the fsm handler
select {
case r.fsmCommitCh <- commitTuple{l, future}:
case <-r.shutdownCh:
if future != nil {
future.respond(ErrRaftShutdown)
}
}
// Return so that the future is only responded to
// by the FSM handler when the application is done
return
case LogConfiguration:
case LogAddPeerDeprecated:
case LogRemovePeerDeprecated:
case LogNoop:
// Ignore the no-op
default:
panic(fmt.Errorf("unrecognized log type: %#v", l))
}
// Invoke the future if given
if future != nil {
future.respond(nil)
}
}
// processRPC is called to handle an incoming RPC request. This must only be
// called from the main thread.
func (r *Raft) processRPC(rpc RPC) {
if err := r.checkRPCHeader(rpc); err != nil {
rpc.Respond(nil, err)
return
}
switch cmd := rpc.Command.(type) {
case *AppendEntriesRequest:
r.appendEntries(rpc, cmd)
case *RequestVoteRequest:
r.requestVote(rpc, cmd)
case *InstallSnapshotRequest:
r.installSnapshot(rpc, cmd)
default:
r.logger.Printf("[ERR] raft: Got unexpected command: %#v", rpc.Command)
rpc.Respond(nil, fmt.Errorf("unexpected command"))
}
}
// processHeartbeat is a special handler used just for heartbeat requests
// so that they can be fast-pathed if a transport supports it. This must only
// be called from the main thread.
func (r *Raft) processHeartbeat(rpc RPC) {
defer metrics.MeasureSince([]string{"raft", "rpc", "processHeartbeat"}, time.Now())
// Check if we are shutdown, just ignore the RPC
select {
case <-r.shutdownCh:
return
default:
}
// Ensure we are only handling a heartbeat
switch cmd := rpc.Command.(type) {
case *AppendEntriesRequest:
r.appendEntries(rpc, cmd)
default:
r.logger.Printf("[ERR] raft: Expected heartbeat, got command: %#v", rpc.Command)
rpc.Respond(nil, fmt.Errorf("unexpected command"))
}
}
// appendEntries is invoked when we get an append entries RPC call. This must
// only be called from the main thread.
func (r *Raft) appendEntries(rpc RPC, a *AppendEntriesRequest) {
defer metrics.MeasureSince([]string{"raft", "rpc", "appendEntries"}, time.Now())
// Setup a response
resp := &AppendEntriesResponse{
RPCHeader: r.getRPCHeader(),
Term: r.getCurrentTerm(),
LastLog: r.getLastIndex(),
Success: false,
NoRetryBackoff: false,
}
var rpcErr error
defer func() {
rpc.Respond(resp, rpcErr)
}()
// Ignore an older term
if a.Term < r.getCurrentTerm() {
return
}
// Increase the term if we see a newer one, also transition to follower
// if we ever get an appendEntries call
if a.Term > r.getCurrentTerm() || r.getState() != Follower {
// Ensure transition to follower
r.setState(Follower)
r.setCurrentTerm(a.Term)
resp.Term = a.Term
}
// Save the current leader
r.setLeader(ServerAddress(r.trans.DecodePeer(a.Leader)))
// Verify the last log entry
if a.PrevLogEntry > 0 {
lastIdx, lastTerm := r.getLastEntry()
var prevLogTerm uint64
if a.PrevLogEntry == lastIdx {
prevLogTerm = lastTerm
} else {
var prevLog Log
if err := r.logs.GetLog(a.PrevLogEntry, &prevLog); err != nil {
r.logger.Printf("[WARN] raft: Failed to get previous log: %d %v (last: %d)",
a.PrevLogEntry, err, lastIdx)
resp.NoRetryBackoff = true
return
}
prevLogTerm = prevLog.Term
}
if a.PrevLogTerm != prevLogTerm {
r.logger.Printf("[WARN] raft: Previous log term mis-match: ours: %d remote: %d",
prevLogTerm, a.PrevLogTerm)
resp.NoRetryBackoff = true
return
}
}
// Process any new entries
if len(a.Entries) > 0 {
start := time.Now()
// Delete any conflicting entries, skip any duplicates
lastLogIdx, _ := r.getLastLog()
var newEntries []*Log
for i, entry := range a.Entries {
if entry.Index > lastLogIdx {
newEntries = a.Entries[i:]
break
}
var storeEntry Log
if err := r.logs.GetLog(entry.Index, &storeEntry); err != nil {
r.logger.Printf("[WARN] raft: Failed to get log entry %d: %v",
entry.Index, err)
return
}
if entry.Term != storeEntry.Term {
r.logger.Printf("[WARN] raft: Clearing log suffix from %d to %d", entry.Index, lastLogIdx)
if err := r.logs.DeleteRange(entry.Index, lastLogIdx); err != nil {
r.logger.Printf("[ERR] raft: Failed to clear log suffix: %v", err)
return
}
if entry.Index <= r.configurations.latestIndex {
r.configurations.latest = r.configurations.committed
r.configurations.latestIndex = r.configurations.committedIndex
}
newEntries = a.Entries[i:]
break
}
}
if n := len(newEntries); n > 0 {
// Append the new entries
if err := r.logs.StoreLogs(newEntries); err != nil {
r.logger.Printf("[ERR] raft: Failed to append to logs: %v", err)
// TODO: leaving r.getLastLog() in the wrong
// state if there was a truncation above
return
}
// Handle any new configuration changes
for _, newEntry := range newEntries {
r.processConfigurationLogEntry(newEntry)
}
// Update the lastLog
last := newEntries[n-1]
r.setLastLog(last.Index, last.Term)
}
metrics.MeasureSince([]string{"raft", "rpc", "appendEntries", "storeLogs"}, start)
}
// Update the commit index
if a.LeaderCommitIndex > 0 && a.LeaderCommitIndex > r.getCommitIndex() {
start := time.Now()
idx := min(a.LeaderCommitIndex, r.getLastIndex())
r.setCommitIndex(idx)
if r.configurations.latestIndex <= idx {
r.configurations.committed = r.configurations.latest
r.configurations.committedIndex = r.configurations.latestIndex
}
r.processLogs(idx, nil)
metrics.MeasureSince([]string{"raft", "rpc", "appendEntries", "processLogs"}, start)
}
// Everything went well, set success
resp.Success = true
r.setLastContact()
return
}
// processConfigurationLogEntry takes a log entry and updates the latest
// configuration if the entry results in a new configuration. This must only be
// called from the main thread, or from NewRaft() before any threads have begun.
func (r *Raft) processConfigurationLogEntry(entry *Log) {
if entry.Type == LogConfiguration {
r.configurations.committed = r.configurations.latest
r.configurations.committedIndex = r.configurations.latestIndex
r.configurations.latest = decodeConfiguration(entry.Data)
r.configurations.latestIndex = entry.Index
} else if entry.Type == LogAddPeerDeprecated || entry.Type == LogRemovePeerDeprecated {
r.configurations.committed = r.configurations.latest
r.configurations.committedIndex = r.configurations.latestIndex
r.configurations.latest = decodePeers(entry.Data, r.trans)
r.configurations.latestIndex = entry.Index
}
}
// requestVote is invoked when we get an request vote RPC call.
func (r *Raft) requestVote(rpc RPC, req *RequestVoteRequest) {
defer metrics.MeasureSince([]string{"raft", "rpc", "requestVote"}, time.Now())
r.observe(*req)
// Setup a response
resp := &RequestVoteResponse{
RPCHeader: r.getRPCHeader(),
Term: r.getCurrentTerm(),
Granted: false,
}
var rpcErr error
defer func() {
rpc.Respond(resp, rpcErr)
}()
// Version 0 servers will panic unless the peers is present. It's only
// used on them to produce a warning message.
if r.protocolVersion < 2 {
resp.Peers = encodePeers(r.configurations.latest, r.trans)
}
// Check if we have an existing leader [who's not the candidate]
candidate := r.trans.DecodePeer(req.Candidate)
if leader := r.Leader(); leader != "" && leader != candidate {
r.logger.Printf("[WARN] raft: Rejecting vote request from %v since we have a leader: %v",
candidate, leader)
return
}
// Ignore an older term
if req.Term < r.getCurrentTerm() {
return
}
// Increase the term if we see a newer one
if req.Term > r.getCurrentTerm() {
// Ensure transition to follower
r.setState(Follower)
r.setCurrentTerm(req.Term)
resp.Term = req.Term
}
// Check if we have voted yet
lastVoteTerm, err := r.stable.GetUint64(keyLastVoteTerm)
if err != nil && err.Error() != "not found" {
r.logger.Printf("[ERR] raft: Failed to get last vote term: %v", err)
return
}
lastVoteCandBytes, err := r.stable.Get(keyLastVoteCand)
if err != nil && err.Error() != "not found" {
r.logger.Printf("[ERR] raft: Failed to get last vote candidate: %v", err)
return
}
// Check if we've voted in this election before
if lastVoteTerm == req.Term && lastVoteCandBytes != nil {
r.logger.Printf("[INFO] raft: Duplicate RequestVote for same term: %d", req.Term)
if bytes.Compare(lastVoteCandBytes, req.Candidate) == 0 {
r.logger.Printf("[WARN] raft: Duplicate RequestVote from candidate: %s", req.Candidate)
resp.Granted = true
}
return
}
// Reject if their term is older
lastIdx, lastTerm := r.getLastEntry()
if lastTerm > req.LastLogTerm {
r.logger.Printf("[WARN] raft: Rejecting vote request from %v since our last term is greater (%d, %d)",
candidate, lastTerm, req.LastLogTerm)
return
}
if lastTerm == req.LastLogTerm && lastIdx > req.LastLogIndex {
r.logger.Printf("[WARN] raft: Rejecting vote request from %v since our last index is greater (%d, %d)",
candidate, lastIdx, req.LastLogIndex)
return
}
// Persist a vote for safety
if err := r.persistVote(req.Term, req.Candidate); err != nil {
r.logger.Printf("[ERR] raft: Failed to persist vote: %v", err)
return
}
resp.Granted = true
r.setLastContact()
return
}
// installSnapshot is invoked when we get a InstallSnapshot RPC call.
// We must be in the follower state for this, since it means we are
// too far behind a leader for log replay. This must only be called
// from the main thread.
func (r *Raft) installSnapshot(rpc RPC, req *InstallSnapshotRequest) {
defer metrics.MeasureSince([]string{"raft", "rpc", "installSnapshot"}, time.Now())
// Setup a response
resp := &InstallSnapshotResponse{
Term: r.getCurrentTerm(),
Success: false,
}
var rpcErr error
defer func() {
rpc.Respond(resp, rpcErr)
}()
// Sanity check the version
if req.SnapshotVersion < SnapshotVersionMin ||
req.SnapshotVersion > SnapshotVersionMax {
rpcErr = fmt.Errorf("unsupported snapshot version %d", req.SnapshotVersion)
return
}
// Ignore an older term
if req.Term < r.getCurrentTerm() {
return
}
// Increase the term if we see a newer one
if req.Term > r.getCurrentTerm() {
// Ensure transition to follower
r.setState(Follower)
r.setCurrentTerm(req.Term)
resp.Term = req.Term
}
// Save the current leader
r.setLeader(ServerAddress(r.trans.DecodePeer(req.Leader)))
// Create a new snapshot
var reqConfiguration Configuration
var reqConfigurationIndex uint64
if req.SnapshotVersion > 0 {
reqConfiguration = decodeConfiguration(req.Configuration)
reqConfigurationIndex = req.ConfigurationIndex
} else {
reqConfiguration = decodePeers(req.Peers, r.trans)
reqConfigurationIndex = req.LastLogIndex
}
version := getSnapshotVersion(r.protocolVersion)
sink, err := r.snapshots.Create(version, req.LastLogIndex, req.LastLogTerm,
reqConfiguration, reqConfigurationIndex, r.trans)
if err != nil {
r.logger.Printf("[ERR] raft: Failed to create snapshot to install: %v", err)
rpcErr = fmt.Errorf("failed to create snapshot: %v", err)
return
}
// Spill the remote snapshot to disk
n, err := io.Copy(sink, rpc.Reader)
if err != nil {
sink.Cancel()
r.logger.Printf("[ERR] raft: Failed to copy snapshot: %v", err)
rpcErr = err
return
}
// Check that we received it all
if n != req.Size {
sink.Cancel()
r.logger.Printf("[ERR] raft: Failed to receive whole snapshot: %d / %d", n, req.Size)
rpcErr = fmt.Errorf("short read")
return
}
// Finalize the snapshot
if err := sink.Close(); err != nil {
r.logger.Printf("[ERR] raft: Failed to finalize snapshot: %v", err)
rpcErr = err
return
}
r.logger.Printf("[INFO] raft: Copied %d bytes to local snapshot", n)
// Restore snapshot
future := &restoreFuture{ID: sink.ID()}
future.init()
select {
case r.fsmRestoreCh <- future:
case <-r.shutdownCh:
future.respond(ErrRaftShutdown)
return
}
// Wait for the restore to happen
if err := future.Error(); err != nil {
r.logger.Printf("[ERR] raft: Failed to restore snapshot: %v", err)
rpcErr = err
return
}
// Update the lastApplied so we don't replay old logs
r.setLastApplied(req.LastLogIndex)
// Update the last stable snapshot info
r.setLastSnapshot(req.LastLogIndex, req.LastLogTerm)
// Restore the peer set
r.configurations.latest = reqConfiguration
r.configurations.latestIndex = reqConfigurationIndex
r.configurations.committed = reqConfiguration
r.configurations.committedIndex = reqConfigurationIndex
// Compact logs, continue even if this fails
if err := r.compactLogs(req.LastLogIndex); err != nil {
r.logger.Printf("[ERR] raft: Failed to compact logs: %v", err)
}
r.logger.Printf("[INFO] raft: Installed remote snapshot")
resp.Success = true
r.setLastContact()
return
}
// setLastContact is used to set the last contact time to now
func (r *Raft) setLastContact() {
r.lastContactLock.Lock()
r.lastContact = time.Now()
r.lastContactLock.Unlock()
}
type voteResult struct {
RequestVoteResponse
voterID ServerID
}
// electSelf is used to send a RequestVote RPC to all peers, and vote for
// ourself. This has the side affecting of incrementing the current term. The
// response channel returned is used to wait for all the responses (including a
// vote for ourself). This must only be called from the main thread.
func (r *Raft) electSelf() <-chan *voteResult {
// Create a response channel
respCh := make(chan *voteResult, len(r.configurations.latest.Servers))
// Increment the term
r.setCurrentTerm(r.getCurrentTerm() + 1)
// Construct the request
lastIdx, lastTerm := r.getLastEntry()
req := &RequestVoteRequest{
RPCHeader: r.getRPCHeader(),
Term: r.getCurrentTerm(),
Candidate: r.trans.EncodePeer(r.localAddr),
LastLogIndex: lastIdx,
LastLogTerm: lastTerm,
}
// Construct a function to ask for a vote
askPeer := func(peer Server) {
r.goFunc(func() {
defer metrics.MeasureSince([]string{"raft", "candidate", "electSelf"}, time.Now())
resp := &voteResult{voterID: peer.ID}
err := r.trans.RequestVote(peer.Address, req, &resp.RequestVoteResponse)
if err != nil {
r.logger.Printf("[ERR] raft: Failed to make RequestVote RPC to %v: %v", peer, err)
resp.Term = req.Term
resp.Granted = false
}
respCh <- resp
})
}
// For each peer, request a vote
for _, server := range r.configurations.latest.Servers {
if server.Suffrage == Voter {
if server.ID == r.localID {
// Persist a vote for ourselves
if err := r.persistVote(req.Term, req.Candidate); err != nil {
r.logger.Printf("[ERR] raft: Failed to persist vote : %v", err)
return nil
}
// Include our own vote
respCh <- &voteResult{
RequestVoteResponse: RequestVoteResponse{
RPCHeader: r.getRPCHeader(),
Term: req.Term,
Granted: true,
},
voterID: r.localID,
}
} else {
askPeer(server)
}
}
}
return respCh
}
// persistVote is used to persist our vote for safety.
func (r *Raft) persistVote(term uint64, candidate []byte) error {
if err := r.stable.SetUint64(keyLastVoteTerm, term); err != nil {
return err
}
if err := r.stable.Set(keyLastVoteCand, candidate); err != nil {
return err
}
return nil
}
// setCurrentTerm is used to set the current term in a durable manner.
func (r *Raft) setCurrentTerm(t uint64) {
// Persist to disk first
if err := r.stable.SetUint64(keyCurrentTerm, t); err != nil {
panic(fmt.Errorf("failed to save current term: %v", err))
}
r.raftState.setCurrentTerm(t)
}
// setState is used to update the current state. Any state
// transition causes the known leader to be cleared. This means
// that leader should be set only after updating the state.
func (r *Raft) setState(state RaftState) {
r.setLeader("")
oldState := r.raftState.getState()
r.raftState.setState(state)
if oldState != state {
r.observe(state)
}
}