package command import ( "fmt" "os" "path" "strings" "sync" "syscall" "time" "github.com/hashicorp/consul/agent" "github.com/hashicorp/consul/api" ) const ( // lockKillGracePeriod is how long we allow a child between // a SIGTERM and a SIGKILL. This is to let the child cleanup // any necessary state. We have to balance this with the risk // of a split-brain where multiple children may be acting as if // they hold a lock. This value is currently based on the default // lock-delay value of 15 seconds. This only affects locks and not // semaphores. lockKillGracePeriod = 5 * time.Second // defaultMonitorRetry is the number of 500 errors we will tolerate // before declaring the lock gone. defaultMonitorRetry = 3 // defaultMonitorRetryTime is the amount of time to wait between // retries. defaultMonitorRetryTime = 1 * time.Second ) // LockCommand is a Command implementation that is used to setup // a "lock" which manages lock acquisition and invokes a sub-process type LockCommand struct { BaseCommand ShutdownCh <-chan struct{} child *os.Process childLock sync.Mutex verbose bool } func (c *LockCommand) Help() string { helpText := ` Usage: consul lock [options] prefix child... Acquires a lock or semaphore at a given path, and invokes a child process when successful. The child process can assume the lock is held while it executes. If the lock is lost or communication is disrupted the child process will be sent a SIGTERM signal and given time to gracefully exit. After the grace period expires the process will be hard terminated. For Consul agents on Windows, the child process is always hard terminated with a SIGKILL, since Windows has no POSIX compatible notion for SIGTERM. When -n=1, only a single lock holder or leader exists providing mutual exclusion. Setting a higher value switches to a semaphore allowing multiple holders to coordinate. The prefix provided must have write privileges. ` + c.BaseCommand.Help() return strings.TrimSpace(helpText) } func (c *LockCommand) Run(args []string) int { var lu *LockUnlock return c.run(args, &lu) } func (c *LockCommand) run(args []string, lu **LockUnlock) int { var limit int var monitorRetry int var name string var passStdin bool var propagateChildCode bool var timeout time.Duration f := c.BaseCommand.NewFlagSet(c) f.BoolVar(&propagateChildCode, "child-exit-code", false, "Exit 2 if the child process exited with an error if this is true, "+ "otherwise this doesn't propagate an error from the child. The "+ "default value is false.") f.IntVar(&limit, "n", 1, "Optional limit on the number of concurrent lock holders. The underlying "+ "implementation switches from a lock to a semaphore when the value is "+ "greater than 1. The default value is 1.") f.IntVar(&monitorRetry, "monitor-retry", defaultMonitorRetry, "Number of times to retry if Consul returns a 500 error while monitoring "+ "the lock. This allows riding out brief periods of unavailability "+ "without causing leader elections, but increases the amount of time "+ "required to detect a lost lock in some cases. The default value is 3, "+ "with a 1s wait between retries. Set this value to 0 to disable retires.") f.StringVar(&name, "name", "", "Optional name to associate with the lock session. It not provided, one "+ "is generated based on the provided child command.") f.BoolVar(&passStdin, "pass-stdin", false, "Pass stdin to the child process.") f.DurationVar(&timeout, "timeout", 0, "Maximum amount of time to wait to acquire the lock, specified as a "+ "duration like \"1s\" or \"3h\". The default value is 0.") f.BoolVar(&c.verbose, "verbose", false, "Enable verbose (debugging) output.") // Deprecations f.DurationVar(&timeout, "try", 0, "DEPRECATED. Use -timeout instead.") if err := c.BaseCommand.Parse(args); err != nil { return 1 } // Check the limit if limit <= 0 { c.UI.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Lock holder limit must be positive")) return 1 } // Verify the prefix and child are provided extra := f.Args() if len(extra) < 2 { c.UI.Error("Key prefix and child command must be specified") return 1 } prefix := extra[0] prefix = strings.TrimPrefix(prefix, "/") script := strings.Join(extra[1:], " ") if timeout < 0 { c.UI.Error("Timeout must be positive") return 1 } // Calculate a session name if none provided if name == "" { name = fmt.Sprintf("Consul lock for '%s' at '%s'", script, prefix) } // Calculate oneshot oneshot := timeout > 0 // Check the retry parameter if monitorRetry < 0 { c.UI.Error("Number for 'monitor-retry' must be >= 0") return 1 } // Create and test the HTTP client client, err := c.BaseCommand.HTTPClient() if err != nil { c.UI.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Error connecting to Consul agent: %s", err)) return 1 } _, err = client.Agent().NodeName() if err != nil { c.UI.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Error querying Consul agent: %s", err)) return 1 } // Setup the lock or semaphore if limit == 1 { *lu, err = c.setupLock(client, prefix, name, oneshot, timeout, monitorRetry) } else { *lu, err = c.setupSemaphore(client, limit, prefix, name, oneshot, timeout, monitorRetry) } if err != nil { c.UI.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Lock setup failed: %s", err)) return 1 } // Attempt the acquisition if c.verbose { c.UI.Info("Attempting lock acquisition") } lockCh, err := (*lu).lockFn(c.ShutdownCh) if lockCh == nil { if err == nil { c.UI.Error("Shutdown triggered or timeout during lock acquisition") } else { c.UI.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Lock acquisition failed: %s", err)) } return 1 } // Check if we were shutdown but managed to still acquire the lock var childCode int var childErr chan error select { case <-c.ShutdownCh: c.UI.Error("Shutdown triggered during lock acquisition") goto RELEASE default: } // Start the child process childErr = make(chan error, 1) go func() { childErr <- c.startChild(script, passStdin) }() // Monitor for shutdown, child termination, or lock loss select { case <-c.ShutdownCh: if c.verbose { c.UI.Info("Shutdown triggered, killing child") } case <-lockCh: if c.verbose { c.UI.Info("Lock lost, killing child") } case err := <-childErr: if err != nil { childCode = 2 } if c.verbose { c.UI.Info("Child terminated, releasing lock") } goto RELEASE } // Prevent starting a new child. The lock is never released // after this point. c.childLock.Lock() // Kill any existing child if err := c.killChild(childErr); err != nil { c.UI.Error(fmt.Sprintf("%s", err)) } RELEASE: // Release the lock before termination if err := (*lu).unlockFn(); err != nil { c.UI.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Lock release failed: %s", err)) return 1 } // Cleanup the lock if no longer in use if err := (*lu).cleanupFn(); err != nil { if err != (*lu).inUseErr { c.UI.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Lock cleanup failed: %s", err)) return 1 } else if c.verbose { c.UI.Info("Cleanup aborted, lock in use") } } else if c.verbose { c.UI.Info("Cleanup succeeded") } // If we detected an error from the child process then we propagate // that. if propagateChildCode { return childCode } return 0 } // setupLock is used to setup a new Lock given the API client, the key prefix to // operate on, and an optional session name. If oneshot is true then we will set // up for a single attempt at acquisition, using the given wait time. The retry // parameter sets how many 500 errors the lock monitor will tolerate before // giving up the lock. func (c *LockCommand) setupLock(client *api.Client, prefix, name string, oneshot bool, wait time.Duration, retry int) (*LockUnlock, error) { // Use the DefaultSemaphoreKey extension, this way if a lock and // semaphore are both used at the same prefix, we will get a conflict // which we can report to the user. key := path.Join(prefix, api.DefaultSemaphoreKey) if c.verbose { c.UI.Info(fmt.Sprintf("Setting up lock at path: %s", key)) } opts := api.LockOptions{ Key: key, SessionName: name, MonitorRetries: retry, MonitorRetryTime: defaultMonitorRetryTime, } if oneshot { opts.LockTryOnce = true opts.LockWaitTime = wait } l, err := client.LockOpts(&opts) if err != nil { return nil, err } lu := &LockUnlock{ lockFn: l.Lock, unlockFn: l.Unlock, cleanupFn: l.Destroy, inUseErr: api.ErrLockInUse, rawOpts: &opts, } return lu, nil } // setupSemaphore is used to setup a new Semaphore given the API client, key // prefix, session name, and slot holder limit. If oneshot is true then we will // set up for a single attempt at acquisition, using the given wait time. The // retry parameter sets how many 500 errors the lock monitor will tolerate // before giving up the semaphore. func (c *LockCommand) setupSemaphore(client *api.Client, limit int, prefix, name string, oneshot bool, wait time.Duration, retry int) (*LockUnlock, error) { if c.verbose { c.UI.Info(fmt.Sprintf("Setting up semaphore (limit %d) at prefix: %s", limit, prefix)) } opts := api.SemaphoreOptions{ Prefix: prefix, Limit: limit, SessionName: name, MonitorRetries: retry, MonitorRetryTime: defaultMonitorRetryTime, } if oneshot { opts.SemaphoreTryOnce = true opts.SemaphoreWaitTime = wait } s, err := client.SemaphoreOpts(&opts) if err != nil { return nil, err } lu := &LockUnlock{ lockFn: s.Acquire, unlockFn: s.Release, cleanupFn: s.Destroy, inUseErr: api.ErrSemaphoreInUse, rawOpts: &opts, } return lu, nil } // startChild is a long running routine used to start and // wait for the child process to exit. func (c *LockCommand) startChild(script string, passStdin bool) error { if c.verbose { c.UI.Info(fmt.Sprintf("Starting handler '%s'", script)) } // Create the command cmd, err := agent.ExecScript(script) if err != nil { c.UI.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Error executing handler: %s", err)) return err } // Setup the command streams cmd.Env = append(os.Environ(), "CONSUL_LOCK_HELD=true", ) if passStdin { if c.verbose { c.UI.Info("Stdin passed to handler process") } cmd.Stdin = os.Stdin } else { cmd.Stdin = nil } cmd.Stdout = os.Stdout cmd.Stderr = os.Stderr // Start the child process c.childLock.Lock() if err := cmd.Start(); err != nil { c.UI.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Error starting handler: %s", err)) c.childLock.Unlock() return err } // Setup the child info c.child = cmd.Process c.childLock.Unlock() // Wait for the child process if err := cmd.Wait(); err != nil { c.UI.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Error running handler: %s", err)) return err } return nil } // killChild is used to forcefully kill the child, first using SIGTERM // to allow for a graceful cleanup and then using SIGKILL for a hard // termination. // On Windows, the child is always hard terminated with a SIGKILL, even // on the first attempt. func (c *LockCommand) killChild(childErr chan error) error { // Get the child process child := c.child // If there is no child process (failed to start), we can quit early if child == nil { if c.verbose { c.UI.Info("No child process to kill") } return nil } // Attempt termination first if c.verbose { c.UI.Info(fmt.Sprintf("Terminating child pid %d", child.Pid)) } if err := signalPid(child.Pid, syscall.SIGTERM); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("Failed to terminate %d: %v", child.Pid, err) } // Wait for termination, or until a timeout select { case <-childErr: if c.verbose { c.UI.Info("Child terminated") } return nil case <-time.After(lockKillGracePeriod): if c.verbose { c.UI.Info(fmt.Sprintf("Child did not exit after grace period of %v", lockKillGracePeriod)) } } // Send a final SIGKILL if c.verbose { c.UI.Info(fmt.Sprintf("Killing child pid %d", child.Pid)) } if err := signalPid(child.Pid, syscall.SIGKILL); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("Failed to kill %d: %v", child.Pid, err) } return nil } func (c *LockCommand) Synopsis() string { return "Execute a command holding a lock" } // LockUnlock is used to abstract over the differences between // a lock and a semaphore. type LockUnlock struct { lockFn func(<-chan struct{}) (<-chan struct{}, error) unlockFn func() error cleanupFn func() error inUseErr error rawOpts interface{} }