--- description: |- Consul is a service networking solution to connect and secure services across any runtime platform and public or private cloud ---
Service discovery, identity-based authorization, and L7 traffic management abstracted from application code with proxies in the service mesh pattern
East-west firewalls use IP-based rules to secure ingress and egress traffic. But in a dynamic world where services move across machines and machines are frequently created and destroyed, this perimeter-based approach is difficult to scale as it results in complex network topologies and a sprawl of short-lived firewall rules and proxy configuration.
Service mesh is a new approach to secure the service itself rather than relying on the network. Consul uses centrally managed service policies and configuration to enable dynamic routing and security based on service identity. These policies scale across datacenters and large fleets without IP-based rules or networking middleware.
Service-to-service communication policy at Layer 7 can be managed centrally, enabling advanced traffic management patterns such as service failover, path-based routing, and traffic shifting that can be applied across public and private clouds, platforms, and networks.
Kind = "service-splitter"
Name = "billing-api"
Splits = [
{
Weight = 10
ServiceSubset = "v2"
},
{
Weight = 90
ServiceSubset = "v1"
},
]
Centrally managed service observability at Layer 7 including detailed metrics on all service-to-service communication such as connections, bytes transferred, retries, timeouts, open circuits, and request rates, response codes.
Secure communication between legacy and modern workloads. Sidecar proxies allow applications to be integrated without code changes and Layer 4 support provides nearly universal protocol compatibility.
TLS certificates are used to identify services and secure communications. Certificates use the SPIFFE format for interoperability with other platforms. Consul can be a certificate authority to simplify deployment, or integrate with external signing authorities like Vault.
All traffic between services is encrypted and authenticated with mutual TLS. Using TLS provides a strong guarantee of the identity of services communicating, and ensures all data in transit is encrypted.
$ consul connect proxy -service web \
-service-addr 127.0.0.1:8000
-listen 10.0.1.109:7200
==> Consul Connect proxy starting...
Configuration mode: Flags
Service: web
Public listener: 10.0.1.109:7200
=> 127.0.0.1:8000
...
$ tshark -V \
-Y "ssl.handshake.certificate" \
-O "ssl" \
-f "dst port 7200"
Frame 39: 899 bytes on wire (7192 bits), 899 bytes captured (7192 bits) on interface 0
Internet Protocol Version 4, Src: 10.0.1.110, Dst: 10.0.1.109
Transmission Control Protocol, Src Port: 61918, Dst Port: 7200, Seq: 136, Ack: 916, Len: 843
Secure Sockets Layer
TLSv1.2 Record Layer: Handshake Protocol: Certificate
Version: TLS 1.2 (0x0303)
Handshake Protocol: Certificate
RDNSequence item: 1 item (id-at-commonName=Consul CA 7
)
RelativeDistinguishedName item (id-at-commonName=Consul CA 7
)
Id: 2.5.4.3 (id-at-commonName)
DirectoryString: printableString (1)
printableString: Consul CA 7
Connect between different cloud regions, VPCs and between overlay and underlay networks without complex network tunnels and NAT. Mesh Gateways solve routing at TLS layer while preserving end-to-end encryption and limiting attack surface area at the edge of each network.