package command import ( "bytes" "encoding/json" "flag" "fmt" "io" "os" "path" "regexp" "strconv" "strings" "time" "unicode" consulapi "github.com/hashicorp/consul/api" "github.com/mitchellh/cli" ) const ( // rExecPrefix is the prefix in the KV store used to // store the remote exec data rExecPrefix = "_rexec" // rExecFileName is the name of the file we append to // the path, e.g. _rexec/session_id/job rExecFileName = "job" // rExecAck is the suffix added to an ack path rExecAckSuffix = "/ack" // rExecAck is the suffix added to an exit code rExecExitSuffix = "/exit" // rExecOutputDivider is used to namespace the output rExecOutputDivider = "/out/" // rExecReplicationWait is how long we wait for replication rExecReplicationWait = 200 * time.Millisecond // rExecQuietWait is how long we wait for no responses // before assuming the job is done. rExecQuietWait = 2 * time.Second // rExecTTL is how long we default the session TTL to rExecTTL = "15s" // rExecRenewInterval is how often we renew the session TTL // when doing an exec in a foreign DC. rExecRenewInterval = 5 * time.Second ) // rExecConf is used to pass around configuration type rExecConf struct { datacenter string prefix string token string foreignDC bool localDC string localNode string node string service string tag string wait time.Duration replWait time.Duration cmd string script []byte verbose bool } // rExecEvent is the event we broadcast using a user-event type rExecEvent struct { Prefix string Session string } // rExecSpec is the file we upload to specify the parameters // of the remote execution. type rExecSpec struct { // Command is a single command to run directly in the shell Command string `json:",omitempty"` // Script should be spilled to a file and executed Script []byte `json:",omitempty"` // Wait is how long we are waiting on a quiet period to terminate Wait time.Duration } // rExecAck is used to transmit an acknowledgement type rExecAck struct { Node string } // rExecHeart is used to transmit a heartbeat type rExecHeart struct { Node string } // rExecOutput is used to transmit a chunk of output type rExecOutput struct { Node string Output []byte } // rExecExit is used to transmit an exit code type rExecExit struct { Node string Code int } // ExecCommand is a Command implementation that is used to // do remote execution of commands type ExecCommand struct { ShutdownCh <-chan struct{} Ui cli.Ui conf rExecConf client *consulapi.Client sessionID string stopCh chan struct{} } func (c *ExecCommand) Run(args []string) int { cmdFlags := flag.NewFlagSet("exec", flag.ContinueOnError) cmdFlags.Usage = func() { c.Ui.Output(c.Help()) } cmdFlags.StringVar(&c.conf.datacenter, "datacenter", "", "") cmdFlags.StringVar(&c.conf.node, "node", "", "") cmdFlags.StringVar(&c.conf.service, "service", "", "") cmdFlags.StringVar(&c.conf.tag, "tag", "", "") cmdFlags.StringVar(&c.conf.prefix, "prefix", rExecPrefix, "") cmdFlags.DurationVar(&c.conf.replWait, "wait-repl", rExecReplicationWait, "") cmdFlags.DurationVar(&c.conf.wait, "wait", rExecQuietWait, "") cmdFlags.BoolVar(&c.conf.verbose, "verbose", false, "") cmdFlags.StringVar(&c.conf.token, "token", "", "") httpAddr := HTTPAddrFlag(cmdFlags) if err := cmdFlags.Parse(args); err != nil { return 1 } // Join the commands to execute c.conf.cmd = strings.Join(cmdFlags.Args(), " ") // If there is no command, read stdin for a script input if c.conf.cmd == "-" { c.conf.cmd = "" var buf bytes.Buffer _, err := io.Copy(&buf, os.Stdin) if err != nil { c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Failed to read stdin: %v", err)) c.Ui.Error("") c.Ui.Error(c.Help()) return 1 } c.conf.script = buf.Bytes() } // Ensure we have a command or script if c.conf.cmd == "" && len(c.conf.script) == 0 { c.Ui.Error("Must specify a command to execute") c.Ui.Error("") c.Ui.Error(c.Help()) return 1 } // Validate the configuration if err := c.conf.validate(); err != nil { c.Ui.Error(err.Error()) return 1 } // Create and test the HTTP client client, err := HTTPClientConfig(func(clientConf *consulapi.Config) { clientConf.Address = *httpAddr clientConf.Datacenter = c.conf.datacenter clientConf.Token = c.conf.token }) if err != nil { c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Error connecting to Consul agent: %s", err)) return 1 } info, err := client.Agent().Self() if err != nil { c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Error querying Consul agent: %s", err)) return 1 } c.client = client // Check if this is a foreign datacenter if c.conf.datacenter != "" && c.conf.datacenter != info["Config"]["Datacenter"] { if c.conf.verbose { c.Ui.Info("Remote exec in foreign datacenter, using Session TTL") } c.conf.foreignDC = true c.conf.localDC = info["Config"]["Datacenter"].(string) c.conf.localNode = info["Config"]["NodeName"].(string) } // Create the job spec spec, err := c.makeRExecSpec() if err != nil { c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Failed to create job spec: %s", err)) return 1 } // Create a session for this c.sessionID, err = c.createSession() if err != nil { c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Failed to create session: %s", err)) return 1 } defer c.destroySession() if c.conf.verbose { c.Ui.Info(fmt.Sprintf("Created remote execution session: %s", c.sessionID)) } // Upload the payload if err := c.uploadPayload(spec); err != nil { c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Failed to create job file: %s", err)) return 1 } defer c.destroyData() if c.conf.verbose { c.Ui.Info(fmt.Sprintf("Uploaded remote execution spec")) } // Wait for replication. This is done so that when the event is // received, the job file can be read using a stale read. If the // stale read fails, we expect a consistent read to be done, so // largely this is a heuristic. select { case <-time.After(c.conf.replWait): case <-c.ShutdownCh: return 1 } // Fire the event id, err := c.fireEvent() if err != nil { c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Failed to fire event: %s", err)) return 1 } if c.conf.verbose { c.Ui.Info(fmt.Sprintf("Fired remote execution event: %s", id)) } // Wait for the job to finish now return c.waitForJob() } // waitForJob is used to poll for results and wait until the job is terminated func (c *ExecCommand) waitForJob() int { // Although the session destroy is already deferred, we do it again here, // because invalidation of the session before destroyData() ensures there is // no race condition allowing an agent to upload data (the acquire will fail). defer c.destroySession() start := time.Now() ackCh := make(chan rExecAck, 128) heartCh := make(chan rExecHeart, 128) outputCh := make(chan rExecOutput, 128) exitCh := make(chan rExecExit, 128) doneCh := make(chan struct{}) errCh := make(chan struct{}, 1) defer close(doneCh) go c.streamResults(doneCh, ackCh, heartCh, outputCh, exitCh, errCh) target := &TargettedUi{Ui: c.Ui} var ackCount, exitCount, badExit int OUTER: for { // Determine wait time. We provide a larger window if we know about // nodes which are still working. waitIntv := c.conf.wait if ackCount > exitCount { waitIntv *= 2 } select { case e := <-ackCh: ackCount++ if c.conf.verbose { target.Target = e.Node target.Info("acknowledged") } case h := <-heartCh: if c.conf.verbose { target.Target = h.Node target.Info("heartbeat received") } case e := <-outputCh: target.Target = e.Node target.Output(string(e.Output)) case e := <-exitCh: exitCount++ target.Target = e.Node target.Info(fmt.Sprintf("finished with exit code %d", e.Code)) if e.Code != 0 { badExit++ } case <-time.After(waitIntv): c.Ui.Info(fmt.Sprintf("%d / %d node(s) completed / acknowledged", exitCount, ackCount)) if c.conf.verbose { c.Ui.Info(fmt.Sprintf("Completed in %0.2f seconds", float64(time.Now().Sub(start))/float64(time.Second))) } break OUTER case <-errCh: return 1 case <-c.ShutdownCh: return 1 } } if badExit > 0 { return 2 } return 0 } // streamResults is used to perform blocking queries against the KV endpoint and stream in // notice of various events into waitForJob func (c *ExecCommand) streamResults(doneCh chan struct{}, ackCh chan rExecAck, heartCh chan rExecHeart, outputCh chan rExecOutput, exitCh chan rExecExit, errCh chan struct{}) { kv := c.client.KV() opts := consulapi.QueryOptions{WaitTime: c.conf.wait} dir := path.Join(c.conf.prefix, c.sessionID) + "/" seen := make(map[string]struct{}) for { // Check if we've been signaled to exit select { case <-doneCh: return default: } // Block on waiting for new keys keys, qm, err := kv.Keys(dir, "", &opts) if err != nil { c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Failed to read results: %s", err)) goto ERR_EXIT } // Fast-path the no-change case if qm.LastIndex == opts.WaitIndex { continue } opts.WaitIndex = qm.LastIndex // Handle each key for _, key := range keys { // Ignore if we've seen it if _, ok := seen[key]; ok { continue } seen[key] = struct{}{} // Trim the directory full := key key = strings.TrimPrefix(key, dir) // Handle the key type switch { case key == rExecFileName: continue case strings.HasSuffix(key, rExecAckSuffix): ackCh <- rExecAck{Node: strings.TrimSuffix(key, rExecAckSuffix)} case strings.HasSuffix(key, rExecExitSuffix): pair, _, err := kv.Get(full, nil) if err != nil || pair == nil { c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Failed to read key '%s': %v", full, err)) continue } code, err := strconv.ParseInt(string(pair.Value), 10, 32) if err != nil { c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Failed to parse exit code '%s': %v", pair.Value, err)) continue } exitCh <- rExecExit{ Node: strings.TrimSuffix(key, rExecExitSuffix), Code: int(code), } case strings.LastIndex(key, rExecOutputDivider) != -1: pair, _, err := kv.Get(full, nil) if err != nil || pair == nil { c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Failed to read key '%s': %v", full, err)) continue } idx := strings.LastIndex(key, rExecOutputDivider) node := key[:idx] if len(pair.Value) == 0 { heartCh <- rExecHeart{Node: node} } else { outputCh <- rExecOutput{Node: node, Output: pair.Value} } default: c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Unknown key '%s', ignoring.", key)) } } } ERR_EXIT: select { case errCh <- struct{}{}: default: } } // validate checks that the configuration is sane func (conf *rExecConf) validate() error { // Validate the filters if conf.node != "" { if _, err := regexp.Compile(conf.node); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("Failed to compile node filter regexp: %v", err) } } if conf.service != "" { if _, err := regexp.Compile(conf.service); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("Failed to compile service filter regexp: %v", err) } } if conf.tag != "" { if _, err := regexp.Compile(conf.tag); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("Failed to compile tag filter regexp: %v", err) } } if conf.tag != "" && conf.service == "" { return fmt.Errorf("Cannot provide tag filter without service filter.") } return nil } // createSession is used to create a new session for this command func (c *ExecCommand) createSession() (string, error) { var id string var err error if c.conf.foreignDC { id, err = c.createSessionForeign() } else { id, err = c.createSessionLocal() } if err == nil { c.stopCh = make(chan struct{}) go c.renewSession(id, c.stopCh) } return id, err } // createSessionLocal is used to create a new session in a local datacenter // This is simpler since we can use the local agent to create the session. func (c *ExecCommand) createSessionLocal() (string, error) { session := c.client.Session() se := consulapi.SessionEntry{ Name: "Remote Exec", Behavior: consulapi.SessionBehaviorDelete, TTL: rExecTTL, } id, _, err := session.Create(&se, nil) return id, err } // createSessionLocal is used to create a new session in a foreign datacenter // This is more complex since the local agent cannot be used to create // a session, and we must associate with a node in the remote datacenter. func (c *ExecCommand) createSessionForeign() (string, error) { // Look for a remote node to bind to health := c.client.Health() services, _, err := health.Service("consul", "", true, nil) if err != nil { return "", fmt.Errorf("Failed to find Consul server in remote datacenter: %v", err) } if len(services) == 0 { return "", fmt.Errorf("Failed to find Consul server in remote datacenter") } node := services[0].Node.Node if c.conf.verbose { c.Ui.Info(fmt.Sprintf("Binding session to remote node %s@%s", node, c.conf.datacenter)) } session := c.client.Session() se := consulapi.SessionEntry{ Name: fmt.Sprintf("Remote Exec via %s@%s", c.conf.localNode, c.conf.localDC), Node: node, Checks: []string{}, Behavior: consulapi.SessionBehaviorDelete, TTL: rExecTTL, } id, _, err := session.CreateNoChecks(&se, nil) return id, err } // renewSession is a long running routine that periodically renews // the session TTL. This is used for foreign sessions where we depend // on TTLs. func (c *ExecCommand) renewSession(id string, stopCh chan struct{}) { session := c.client.Session() for { select { case <-time.After(rExecRenewInterval): _, _, err := session.Renew(id, nil) if err != nil { c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Session renew failed: %v", err)) return } case <-stopCh: return } } } // destroySession is used to destroy the associated session func (c *ExecCommand) destroySession() error { // Stop the session renew if any if c.stopCh != nil { close(c.stopCh) c.stopCh = nil } // Destroy the session explicitly session := c.client.Session() _, err := session.Destroy(c.sessionID, nil) return err } // makeRExecSpec creates a serialized job specification // that can be uploaded which will be parsed by agents to // determine what to do. func (c *ExecCommand) makeRExecSpec() ([]byte, error) { spec := &rExecSpec{ Command: c.conf.cmd, Script: c.conf.script, Wait: c.conf.wait, } return json.Marshal(spec) } // uploadPayload is used to upload the request payload func (c *ExecCommand) uploadPayload(payload []byte) error { kv := c.client.KV() pair := consulapi.KVPair{ Key: path.Join(c.conf.prefix, c.sessionID, rExecFileName), Value: payload, Session: c.sessionID, } ok, _, err := kv.Acquire(&pair, nil) if err != nil { return err } if !ok { return fmt.Errorf("failed to acquire key %s", pair.Key) } return nil } // destroyData is used to nuke all the data associated with // this remote exec. We just do a recursive delete of our // data directory. func (c *ExecCommand) destroyData() error { kv := c.client.KV() dir := path.Join(c.conf.prefix, c.sessionID) _, err := kv.DeleteTree(dir, nil) return err } // fireEvent is used to fire the event that will notify nodes // about the remote execution. Returns the event ID or error func (c *ExecCommand) fireEvent() (string, error) { // Create the user event payload msg := &rExecEvent{ Prefix: c.conf.prefix, Session: c.sessionID, } buf, err := json.Marshal(msg) if err != nil { return "", err } // Format the user event event := c.client.Event() params := &consulapi.UserEvent{ Name: "_rexec", Payload: buf, NodeFilter: c.conf.node, ServiceFilter: c.conf.service, TagFilter: c.conf.tag, } // Fire the event id, _, err := event.Fire(params, nil) return id, err } func (c *ExecCommand) Synopsis() string { return "Executes a command on Consul nodes" } func (c *ExecCommand) Help() string { helpText := ` Usage: consul exec [options] [-|command...] Evaluates a command on remote Consul nodes. The nodes responding can be filtered using regular expressions on node name, service, and tag definitions. If a command is '-', stdin will be read until EOF and used as a script input. Options: -http-addr=127.0.0.1:8500 HTTP address of the Consul agent. -datacenter="" Datacenter to dispatch in. Defaults to that of agent. -prefix="_rexec" Prefix in the KV store to use for request data -node="" Regular expression to filter on node names -service="" Regular expression to filter on service instances -tag="" Regular expression to filter on service tags. Must be used with -service. -wait=2s Period to wait with no responses before terminating execution. -wait-repl=200ms Period to wait for replication before firing event. This is an optimization to allow stale reads to be performed. -verbose Enables verbose output -token="" ACL token to use during requests. Defaults to that of the agent. ` return strings.TrimSpace(helpText) } // TargettedUi is a UI that wraps another UI implementation and modifies // the output to indicate a specific target. Specifically, all Say output // is prefixed with the target name. Message output is not prefixed but // is offset by the length of the target so that output is lined up properly // with Say output. Machine-readable output has the proper target set. type TargettedUi struct { Target string Ui cli.Ui } func (u *TargettedUi) Ask(query string) (string, error) { return u.Ui.Ask(u.prefixLines(true, query)) } func (u *TargettedUi) Info(message string) { u.Ui.Info(u.prefixLines(true, message)) } func (u *TargettedUi) Output(message string) { u.Ui.Output(u.prefixLines(false, message)) } func (u *TargettedUi) Error(message string) { u.Ui.Error(u.prefixLines(true, message)) } func (u *TargettedUi) prefixLines(arrow bool, message string) string { arrowText := "==>" if !arrow { arrowText = strings.Repeat(" ", len(arrowText)) } var result bytes.Buffer for _, line := range strings.Split(message, "\n") { result.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("%s %s: %s\n", arrowText, u.Target, line)) } return strings.TrimRightFunc(result.String(), unicode.IsSpace) }