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open-consul
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Merge remote-tracking branch 'upstream/master'

This commit is contained in:
Pivotal DX129 2016-09-01 10:15:32 -04:00
parent 6acb742c08 8bd3dd817a
commit 2682410059
32 changed files with 1439 additions and 123 deletions
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7
CHANGELOG.md
View File

@ -32,6 +32,10 @@ FEATURES:
quorum. This version also provides a foundation for new features that will
appear in future Consul versions once the remainder of the v2 library is
complete. [GH-2222]
* Added new `consul operator` command, HTTP endpoint, and associated ACL to
allow Consul operators to view and update the Raft configuration. This allows
for a stale server to be removed without requiring downtime and peers.json
recovery file use. [GH-2312]
* Extended the [`translate_wan_addrs`](https://www.consul.io/docs/agent/options.html#translate_wan_addrs)
config option to also translate node addresses in HTTP responses, making it easy
to use this feature from non-DNS clients. [GH-2118]
@ -54,6 +58,9 @@ BACKWARDS INCOMPATIBILITIES:
* `skip_leave_on_interrupt`'s default behavior is now dependent on whether or
not the agent is acting as a server or client. When Consul is started as a
server the default is `true` and `false` when a client. [GH-1909]
* `allow_stale` for DNS queries now defaults to `true`, allowing for better
utilization of available Consul servers and higher throughput at the exponse of
weaker consistency. [GH-2315]
* HTTP check output is truncated to 4k, similar to script check output. [GH-1952]
* Consul's Go API client will now send ACL tokens using HTTP headers instead of
query parameters, requiring Consul 0.6.0 or later. [GH-2233]

5
README.md
View File

@ -25,8 +25,7 @@ Consul provides several key features:
* **Multi-Datacenter** - Consul is built to be datacenter aware, and can
support any number of regions without complex configuration.
Consul runs on Linux, Mac OS X, and Windows. It is recommended to run the
Consul servers only on Linux, however.
Consul runs on Linux, Mac OS X, FreeBSD, Solaris, and Windows.
## Quick Start
@ -56,7 +55,7 @@ $ bin/consul
...
```
*note: `make` will also place a copy of the binary in the first part of your $GOPATH*
*Note: `make` will also place a copy of the binary in the first part of your `$GOPATH`.*
You can run tests by typing `make test`.

45
acl/acl.go
View File

@ -73,6 +73,14 @@ type ACL interface {
// KeyringWrite determines if the keyring can be manipulated
KeyringWrite() bool
// OperatorRead determines if the read-only Consul operator functions
// can be used.
OperatorRead() bool
// OperatorWrite determines if the state-changing Consul operator
// functions can be used.
OperatorWrite() bool
// ACLList checks for permission to list all the ACLs
ACLList() bool
@ -132,6 +140,14 @@ func (s *StaticACL) KeyringWrite() bool {
return s.defaultAllow
}
func (s *StaticACL) OperatorRead() bool {
return s.defaultAllow
}
func (s *StaticACL) OperatorWrite() bool {
return s.defaultAllow
}
func (s *StaticACL) ACLList() bool {
return s.allowManage
}
@ -188,10 +204,13 @@ type PolicyACL struct {
// preparedQueryRules contains the prepared query policies
preparedQueryRules *radix.Tree
// keyringRules contains the keyring policies. The keyring has
// keyringRule contains the keyring policies. The keyring has
// a very simple yes/no without prefix matching, so here we
// don't need to use a radix tree.
keyringRule string
// operatorRule contains the operator policies.
operatorRule string
}
// New is used to construct a policy based ACL from a set of policies
@ -228,6 +247,9 @@ func New(parent ACL, policy *Policy) (*PolicyACL, error) {
// Load the keyring policy
p.keyringRule = policy.Keyring
// Load the operator policy
p.operatorRule = policy.Operator
return p, nil
}
@ -422,6 +444,27 @@ func (p *PolicyACL) KeyringWrite() bool {
return p.parent.KeyringWrite()
}
// OperatorRead determines if the read-only operator functions are allowed.
func (p *PolicyACL) OperatorRead() bool {
switch p.operatorRule {
case PolicyRead, PolicyWrite:
return true
case PolicyDeny:
return false
default:
return p.parent.OperatorRead()
}
}
// OperatorWrite determines if the state-changing operator functions are
// allowed.
func (p *PolicyACL) OperatorWrite() bool {
if p.operatorRule == PolicyWrite {
return true
}
return p.parent.OperatorWrite()
}
// ACLList checks if listing of ACLs is allowed
func (p *PolicyACL) ACLList() bool {
return p.parent.ACLList()

49
acl/acl_test.go
View File

@ -65,6 +65,12 @@ func TestStaticACL(t *testing.T) {
if !all.KeyringWrite() {
t.Fatalf("should allow")
}
if !all.OperatorRead() {
t.Fatalf("should allow")
}
if !all.OperatorWrite() {
t.Fatalf("should allow")
}
if all.ACLList() {
t.Fatalf("should not allow")
}
@ -108,6 +114,12 @@ func TestStaticACL(t *testing.T) {
if none.KeyringWrite() {
t.Fatalf("should not allow")
}
if none.OperatorRead() {
t.Fatalf("should now allow")
}
if none.OperatorWrite() {
t.Fatalf("should not allow")
}
if none.ACLList() {
t.Fatalf("should not allow")
}
@ -145,6 +157,12 @@ func TestStaticACL(t *testing.T) {
if !manage.KeyringWrite() {
t.Fatalf("should allow")
}
if !manage.OperatorRead() {
t.Fatalf("should allow")
}
if !manage.OperatorWrite() {
t.Fatalf("should allow")
}
if !manage.ACLList() {
t.Fatalf("should allow")
}
@ -480,19 +498,18 @@ func TestPolicyACL_Parent(t *testing.T) {
}
func TestPolicyACL_Keyring(t *testing.T) {
// Test keyring ACLs
type keyringcase struct {
inp string
read bool
write bool
}
keyringcases := []keyringcase{
cases := []keyringcase{
{"", false, false},
{PolicyRead, true, false},
{PolicyWrite, true, true},
{PolicyDeny, false, false},
}
for _, c := range keyringcases {
for _, c := range cases {
acl, err := New(DenyAll(), &Policy{Keyring: c.inp})
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("bad: %s", err)
@ -505,3 +522,29 @@ func TestPolicyACL_Keyring(t *testing.T) {
}
}
}
func TestPolicyACL_Operator(t *testing.T) {
type operatorcase struct {
inp string
read bool
write bool
}
cases := []operatorcase{
{"", false, false},
{PolicyRead, true, false},
{PolicyWrite, true, true},
{PolicyDeny, false, false},
}
for _, c := range cases {
acl, err := New(DenyAll(), &Policy{Operator: c.inp})
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("bad: %s", err)
}
if acl.OperatorRead() != c.read {
t.Fatalf("bad: %#v", c)
}
if acl.OperatorWrite() != c.write {
t.Fatalf("bad: %#v", c)
}
}
}

6
acl/policy.go
View File

@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ type Policy struct {
Events []*EventPolicy `hcl:"event,expand"`
PreparedQueries []*PreparedQueryPolicy `hcl:"query,expand"`
Keyring string `hcl:"keyring"`
Operator string `hcl:"operator"`
}
// KeyPolicy represents a policy for a key
@ -125,5 +126,10 @@ func Parse(rules string) (*Policy, error) {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("Invalid keyring policy: %#v", p.Keyring)
}
// Validate the operator policy - this one is allowed to be empty
if p.Operator != "" && !isPolicyValid(p.Operator) {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("Invalid operator policy: %#v", p.Operator)
}
return p, nil
}

25
acl/policy_test.go
View File

@ -45,6 +45,7 @@ query "bar" {
policy = "deny"
}
keyring = "deny"
operator = "deny"
`
exp := &Policy{
Keys: []*KeyPolicy{
@ -104,6 +105,7 @@ keyring = "deny"
},
},
Keyring: PolicyDeny,
Operator: PolicyDeny,
}
out, err := Parse(inp)
@ -162,7 +164,8 @@ func TestACLPolicy_Parse_JSON(t *testing.T) {
"policy": "deny"
}
},
"keyring": "deny"
"keyring": "deny",
"operator": "deny"
}`
exp := &Policy{
Keys: []*KeyPolicy{
@ -222,6 +225,7 @@ func TestACLPolicy_Parse_JSON(t *testing.T) {
},
},
Keyring: PolicyDeny,
Operator: PolicyDeny,
}
out, err := Parse(inp)
@ -252,6 +256,24 @@ keyring = ""
}
}
func TestACLPolicy_Operator_Empty(t *testing.T) {
inp := `
operator = ""
`
exp := &Policy{
Operator: "",
}
out, err := Parse(inp)
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("err: %v", err)
}
if !reflect.DeepEqual(out, exp) {
t.Fatalf("bad: %#v %#v", out, exp)
}
}
func TestACLPolicy_Bad_Policy(t *testing.T) {
cases := []string{
`key "" { policy = "nope" }`,
@ -259,6 +281,7 @@ func TestACLPolicy_Bad_Policy(t *testing.T) {
`event "" { policy = "nope" }`,
`query "" { policy = "nope" }`,
`keyring = "nope"`,
`operator = "nope"`,
}
for _, c := range cases {
_, err := Parse(c)

81
api/operator.go Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
package api
// Operator can be used to perform low-level operator tasks for Consul.
type Operator struct {
c *Client
}
// Operator returns a handle to the operator endpoints.
func (c *Client) Operator() *Operator {
return &Operator{c}
}
// RaftServer has information about a server in the Raft configuration.
type RaftServer struct {
// ID is the unique ID for the server. These are currently the same
// as the address, but they will be changed to a real GUID in a future
// release of Consul.
ID string
// Node is the node name of the server, as known by Consul, or this
// will be set to "(unknown)" otherwise.
Node string
// Address is the IP:port of the server, used for Raft communications.
Address string
// Leader is true if this server is the current cluster leader.
Leader bool
// Voter is true if this server has a vote in the cluster. This might
// be false if the server is staging and still coming online, or if
// it's a non-voting server, which will be added in a future release of
// Consul.
Voter bool
}
// RaftConfigration is returned when querying for the current Raft configuration.
type RaftConfiguration struct {
// Servers has the list of servers in the Raft configuration.
Servers []*RaftServer
// Index has the Raft index of this configuration.
Index uint64
}
// RaftGetConfiguration is used to query the current Raft peer set.
func (op *Operator) RaftGetConfiguration(q *QueryOptions) (*RaftConfiguration, error) {
r := op.c.newRequest("GET", "/v1/operator/raft/configuration")
r.setQueryOptions(q)
_, resp, err := requireOK(op.c.doRequest(r))
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
defer resp.Body.Close()
var out RaftConfiguration
if err := decodeBody(resp, &out); err != nil {
return nil, err
}
return &out, nil
}
// RaftRemovePeerByAddress is used to kick a stale peer (one that it in the Raft
// quorum but no longer known to Serf or the catalog) by address in the form of
// "IP:port".
func (op *Operator) RaftRemovePeerByAddress(address string, q *WriteOptions) error {
r := op.c.newRequest("DELETE", "/v1/operator/raft/peer")
r.setWriteOptions(q)
// TODO (slackpad) Currently we made address a query parameter. Once
// IDs are in place this will be DELETE /v1/operator/raft/peer/<id>.
r.params.Set("address", string(address))
_, resp, err := requireOK(op.c.doRequest(r))
if err != nil {
return err
}
resp.Body.Close()
return nil
}

38
api/operator_test.go Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
package api
import (
"strings"
"testing"
)
func TestOperator_RaftGetConfiguration(t *testing.T) {
t.Parallel()
c, s := makeClient(t)
defer s.Stop()
operator := c.Operator()
out, err := operator.RaftGetConfiguration(nil)
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("err: %v", err)
}
if len(out.Servers) != 1 ||
!out.Servers[0].Leader ||
!out.Servers[0].Voter {
t.Fatalf("bad: %v", out)
}
}
func TestOperator_RaftRemovePeerByAddress(t *testing.T) {
t.Parallel()
c, s := makeClient(t)
defer s.Stop()
// If we get this error, it proves we sent the address all the way
// through.
operator := c.Operator()
err := operator.RaftRemovePeerByAddress("nope", nil)
if err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(),
"address \"nope\" was not found in the Raft configuration") {
t.Fatalf("err: %v", err)
}
}

7
command/agent/config.go
View File

@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ type DNSConfig struct {
// data. This gives horizontal read scalability since
// any Consul server can service the query instead of
// only the leader.
AllowStale bool `mapstructure:"allow_stale"`
AllowStale *bool `mapstructure:"allow_stale"`
// EnableTruncate is used to enable setting the truncate
// flag for UDP DNS queries. This allows unmodified
@ -651,6 +651,7 @@ func DefaultConfig() *Config {
Server: 8300,
},
DNSConfig: DNSConfig{
AllowStale: Bool(true),
UDPAnswerLimit: 3,
MaxStale: 5 * time.Second,
RecursorTimeout: 2 * time.Second,
@ -1351,8 +1352,8 @@ func MergeConfig(a, b *Config) *Config {
result.DNSConfig.ServiceTTL[service] = dur
}
}
if b.DNSConfig.AllowStale {
result.DNSConfig.AllowStale = true
if b.DNSConfig.AllowStale != nil {
result.DNSConfig.AllowStale = b.DNSConfig.AllowStale
}
if b.DNSConfig.UDPAnswerLimit != 0 {
result.DNSConfig.UDPAnswerLimit = b.DNSConfig.UDPAnswerLimit

6
command/agent/config_test.go
View File

@ -544,13 +544,13 @@ func TestDecodeConfig(t *testing.T) {
}
// DNS node ttl, max stale
input = `{"dns_config": {"allow_stale": true, "enable_truncate": false, "max_stale": "15s", "node_ttl": "5s", "only_passing": true, "udp_answer_limit": 6, "recursor_timeout": "7s"}}`
input = `{"dns_config": {"allow_stale": false, "enable_truncate": false, "max_stale": "15s", "node_ttl": "5s", "only_passing": true, "udp_answer_limit": 6, "recursor_timeout": "7s"}}`
config, err = DecodeConfig(bytes.NewReader([]byte(input)))
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("err: %s", err)
}
if !config.DNSConfig.AllowStale {
if *config.DNSConfig.AllowStale {
t.Fatalf("bad: %#v", config)
}
if config.DNSConfig.EnableTruncate {
@ -1411,7 +1411,7 @@ func TestMergeConfig(t *testing.T) {
DataDir: "/tmp/bar",
DNSRecursors: []string{"127.0.0.2:1001"},
DNSConfig: DNSConfig{
AllowStale: false,
AllowStale: Bool(false),
EnableTruncate: true,
DisableCompression: true,
MaxStale: 30 * time.Second,

8
command/agent/dns.go
View File

@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ func (d *DNSServer) handlePtr(resp dns.ResponseWriter, req *dns.Msg) {
Datacenter: datacenter,
QueryOptions: structs.QueryOptions{
Token: d.agent.config.ACLToken,
AllowStale: d.config.AllowStale,
AllowStale: *d.config.AllowStale,
},
}
var out structs.IndexedNodes
@ -384,7 +384,7 @@ func (d *DNSServer) nodeLookup(network, datacenter, node string, req, resp *dns.
Node: node,
QueryOptions: structs.QueryOptions{
Token: d.agent.config.ACLToken,
AllowStale: d.config.AllowStale,
AllowStale: *d.config.AllowStale,
},
}
var out structs.IndexedNodeServices
@ -584,7 +584,7 @@ func (d *DNSServer) serviceLookup(network, datacenter, service, tag string, req,
TagFilter: tag != "",
QueryOptions: structs.QueryOptions{
Token: d.agent.config.ACLToken,
AllowStale: d.config.AllowStale,
AllowStale: *d.config.AllowStale,
},
}
var out structs.IndexedCheckServiceNodes
@ -658,7 +658,7 @@ func (d *DNSServer) preparedQueryLookup(network, datacenter, query string, req,
QueryIDOrName: query,
QueryOptions: structs.QueryOptions{
Token: d.agent.config.ACLToken,
AllowStale: d.config.AllowStale,
AllowStale: *d.config.AllowStale,
},
// Always pass the local agent through. In the DNS interface, there

8
command/agent/dns_test.go
View File

@ -2349,7 +2349,7 @@ func TestDNS_NodeLookup_TTL(t *testing.T) {
c.DNSRecursor = recursor.Addr
}, func(c *DNSConfig) {
c.NodeTTL = 10 * time.Second
c.AllowStale = true
*c.AllowStale = true
c.MaxStale = time.Second
})
defer os.RemoveAll(dir)
@ -2469,7 +2469,7 @@ func TestDNS_ServiceLookup_TTL(t *testing.T) {
"db": 10 * time.Second,
"*": 5 * time.Second,
}
c.AllowStale = true
*c.AllowStale = true
c.MaxStale = time.Second
}
dir, srv := makeDNSServerConfig(t, nil, confFn)
@ -2572,7 +2572,7 @@ func TestDNS_PreparedQuery_TTL(t *testing.T) {
"db": 10 * time.Second,
"*": 5 * time.Second,
}
c.AllowStale = true
*c.AllowStale = true
c.MaxStale = time.Second
}
dir, srv := makeDNSServerConfig(t, nil, confFn)
@ -3233,7 +3233,7 @@ func TestDNS_NonExistingLookupEmptyAorAAAA(t *testing.T) {
func TestDNS_PreparedQuery_AllowStale(t *testing.T) {
confFn := func(c *DNSConfig) {
c.AllowStale = true
*c.AllowStale = true
c.MaxStale = time.Second
}
dir, srv := makeDNSServerConfig(t, nil, confFn)

3
command/agent/http.go
View File

@ -230,6 +230,9 @@ func (s *HTTPServer) registerHandlers(enableDebug bool) {
s.handleFuncMetrics("/v1/status/leader", s.wrap(s.StatusLeader))
s.handleFuncMetrics("/v1/status/peers", s.wrap(s.StatusPeers))
s.handleFuncMetrics("/v1/operator/raft/configuration", s.wrap(s.OperatorRaftConfiguration))
s.handleFuncMetrics("/v1/operator/raft/peer", s.wrap(s.OperatorRaftPeer))
s.handleFuncMetrics("/v1/catalog/register", s.wrap(s.CatalogRegister))
s.handleFuncMetrics("/v1/catalog/deregister", s.wrap(s.CatalogDeregister))
s.handleFuncMetrics("/v1/catalog/datacenters", s.wrap(s.CatalogDatacenters))

57
command/agent/operator_endpoint.go Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
package agent
import (
"net/http"
"github.com/hashicorp/consul/consul/structs"
"github.com/hashicorp/raft"
)
// OperatorRaftConfiguration is used to inspect the current Raft configuration.
// This supports the stale query mode in case the cluster doesn't have a leader.
func (s *HTTPServer) OperatorRaftConfiguration(resp http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) (interface{}, error) {
if req.Method != "GET" {
resp.WriteHeader(http.StatusMethodNotAllowed)
return nil, nil
}
var args structs.DCSpecificRequest
if done := s.parse(resp, req, &args.Datacenter, &args.QueryOptions); done {
return nil, nil
}
var reply structs.RaftConfigurationResponse
if err := s.agent.RPC("Operator.RaftGetConfiguration", &args, &reply); err != nil {
return nil, err
}
return reply, nil
}
// OperatorRaftPeer supports actions on Raft peers. Currently we only support
// removing peers by address.
func (s *HTTPServer) OperatorRaftPeer(resp http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) (interface{}, error) {
if req.Method != "DELETE" {
resp.WriteHeader(http.StatusMethodNotAllowed)
return nil, nil
}
var args structs.RaftPeerByAddressRequest
s.parseDC(req, &args.Datacenter)
s.parseToken(req, &args.Token)
params := req.URL.Query()
if _, ok := params["address"]; ok {
args.Address = raft.ServerAddress(params.Get("address"))
} else {
resp.WriteHeader(http.StatusBadRequest)
resp.Write([]byte("Must specify ?address with IP:port of peer to remove"))
return nil, nil
}
var reply struct{}
if err := s.agent.RPC("Operator.RaftRemovePeerByAddress", &args, &reply); err != nil {
return nil, err
}
return nil, nil
}

58
command/agent/operator_endpoint_test.go Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
package agent
import (
"bytes"
"net/http"
"net/http/httptest"
"strings"
"testing"
"github.com/hashicorp/consul/consul/structs"
)
func TestOperator_OperatorRaftConfiguration(t *testing.T) {
httpTest(t, func(srv *HTTPServer) {
body := bytes.NewBuffer(nil)
req, err := http.NewRequest("GET", "/v1/operator/raft/configuration", body)
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("err: %v", err)
}
resp := httptest.NewRecorder()
obj, err := srv.OperatorRaftConfiguration(resp, req)
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("err: %v", err)
}
if resp.Code != 200 {
t.Fatalf("bad code: %d", resp.Code)
}
out, ok := obj.(structs.RaftConfigurationResponse)
if !ok {
t.Fatalf("unexpected: %T", obj)
}
if len(out.Servers) != 1 ||
!out.Servers[0].Leader ||
!out.Servers[0].Voter {
t.Fatalf("bad: %v", out)
}
})
}
func TestOperator_OperatorRaftPeer(t *testing.T) {
httpTest(t, func(srv *HTTPServer) {
body := bytes.NewBuffer(nil)
req, err := http.NewRequest("DELETE", "/v1/operator/raft/peer?address=nope", body)
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("err: %v", err)
}
// If we get this error, it proves we sent the address all the
// way through.
resp := httptest.NewRecorder()
_, err = srv.OperatorRaftPeer(resp, req)
if err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(),
"address \"nope\" was not found in the Raft configuration") {
t.Fatalf("err: %v", err)
}
})
}

173
command/operator.go Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
package command
import (
"flag"
"fmt"
"strings"
"github.com/hashicorp/consul/api"
"github.com/mitchellh/cli"
"github.com/ryanuber/columnize"
)
// OperatorCommand is used to provide various low-level tools for Consul
// operators.
type OperatorCommand struct {
Ui cli.Ui
}
func (c *OperatorCommand) Help() string {
helpText := `
Usage: consul operator <subcommand> [common options] [action] [options]
Provides cluster-level tools for Consul operators, such as interacting with
the Raft subsystem. NOTE: Use this command with extreme caution, as improper
use could lead to a Consul outage and even loss of data.
If ACLs are enabled then a token with operator privileges may required in
order to use this command. Requests are forwarded internally to the leader
if required, so this can be run from any Consul node in a cluster.
Run consul operator <subcommand> with no arguments for help on that
subcommand.
Common Options:
-http-addr=127.0.0.1:8500 HTTP address of the Consul agent.
-token="" ACL token to use. Defaults to that of agent.
Subcommands:
raft View and modify Consul's Raft configuration.
`
return strings.TrimSpace(helpText)
}
func (c *OperatorCommand) Run(args []string) int {
if len(args) < 1 {
c.Ui.Error("A subcommand must be specified")
c.Ui.Error("")
c.Ui.Error(c.Help())
return 1
}
var err error
subcommand := args[0]
switch subcommand {
case "raft":
err = c.raft(args[1:])
default:
err = fmt.Errorf("unknown subcommand %q", subcommand)
}
if err != nil {
c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Operator %q subcommand failed: %v", subcommand, err))
return 1
}
return 0
}
// Synopsis returns a one-line description of this command.
func (c *OperatorCommand) Synopsis() string {
return "Provides cluster-level tools for Consul operators"
}
const raftHelp = `
Raft Subcommand Actions:
raft -list-peers -stale=[true|false]
Displays the current Raft peer configuration.
The -stale argument defaults to "false" which means the leader provides the
result. If the cluster is in an outage state without a leader, you may need
to set -stale to "true" to get the configuration from a non-leader server.
raft -remove-peer -address="IP:port"
Removes Consul server with given -address from the Raft configuration.
There are rare cases where a peer may be left behind in the Raft quorum even
though the server is no longer present and known to the cluster. This
command can be used to remove the failed server so that it is no longer
affects the Raft quorum. If the server still shows in the output of the
"consul members" command, it is preferable to clean up by simply running
"consul force-leave" instead of this command.
`
// raft handles the raft subcommands.
func (c *OperatorCommand) raft(args []string) error {
cmdFlags := flag.NewFlagSet("raft", flag.ContinueOnError)
cmdFlags.Usage = func() { c.Ui.Output(c.Help()) }
// Parse verb arguments.
var listPeers, removePeer bool
cmdFlags.BoolVar(&listPeers, "list-peers", false, "")
cmdFlags.BoolVar(&removePeer, "remove-peer", false, "")
// Parse other arguments.
var stale bool
var address, token string
cmdFlags.StringVar(&address, "address", "", "")
cmdFlags.BoolVar(&stale, "stale", false, "")
cmdFlags.StringVar(&token, "token", "", "")
httpAddr := HTTPAddrFlag(cmdFlags)
if err := cmdFlags.Parse(args); err != nil {
return err
}
// Set up a client.
conf := api.DefaultConfig()
conf.Address = *httpAddr
client, err := api.NewClient(conf)
if err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("error connecting to Consul agent: %s", err)
}
operator := client.Operator()
// Dispatch based on the verb argument.
if listPeers {
// Fetch the current configuration.
q := &api.QueryOptions{
AllowStale: stale,
Token: token,
}
reply, err := operator.RaftGetConfiguration(q)
if err != nil {
return err
}
// Format it as a nice table.
result := []string{"Node|ID|Address|State|Voter"}
for _, s := range reply.Servers {
state := "follower"
if s.Leader {
state = "leader"
}
result = append(result, fmt.Sprintf("%s|%s|%s|%s|%v",
s.Node, s.ID, s.Address, state, s.Voter))
}
c.Ui.Output(columnize.SimpleFormat(result))
} else if removePeer {
// TODO (slackpad) Once we expose IDs, add support for removing
// by ID, add support for that.
if len(address) == 0 {
return fmt.Errorf("an address is required for the peer to remove")
}
// Try to kick the peer.
w := &api.WriteOptions{
Token: token,
}
if err := operator.RaftRemovePeerByAddress(address, w); err != nil {
return err
}
c.Ui.Output(fmt.Sprintf("Removed peer with address %q", address))
} else {
c.Ui.Output(c.Help())
c.Ui.Output("")
c.Ui.Output(strings.TrimSpace(raftHelp))
}
return nil
}

52
command/operator_test.go Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
package command
import (
"strings"
"testing"
"github.com/mitchellh/cli"
)
func TestOperator_Implements(t *testing.T) {
var _ cli.Command = &OperatorCommand{}
}
func TestOperator_Raft_ListPeers(t *testing.T) {
a1 := testAgent(t)
defer a1.Shutdown()
waitForLeader(t, a1.httpAddr)
ui := new(cli.MockUi)
c := &OperatorCommand{Ui: ui}
args := []string{"raft", "-http-addr=" + a1.httpAddr, "-list-peers"}
code := c.Run(args)
if code != 0 {
t.Fatalf("bad: %d. %#v", code, ui.ErrorWriter.String())
}
output := strings.TrimSpace(ui.OutputWriter.String())
if !strings.Contains(output, "leader") {
t.Fatalf("bad: %s", output)
}
}
func TestOperator_Raft_RemovePeer(t *testing.T) {
a1 := testAgent(t)
defer a1.Shutdown()
waitForLeader(t, a1.httpAddr)
ui := new(cli.MockUi)
c := &OperatorCommand{Ui: ui}
args := []string{"raft", "-http-addr=" + a1.httpAddr, "-remove-peer", "-address=nope"}
code := c.Run(args)
if code != 1 {
t.Fatalf("bad: %d. %#v", code, ui.ErrorWriter.String())
}
// If we get this error, it proves we sent the address all they through.
output := strings.TrimSpace(ui.ErrorWriter.String())
if !strings.Contains(output, "address \"nope\" was not found in the Raft configuration") {
t.Fatalf("bad: %s", output)
}
}

6
commands.go
View File

@ -103,6 +103,12 @@ func init() {
}, nil
},
"operator": func() (cli.Command, error) {
return &command.OperatorCommand{
Ui: ui,
}, nil
},
"info": func() (cli.Command, error) {
return &command.InfoCommand{
Ui: ui,

127
consul/operator_endpoint.go Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
package consul
import (
"fmt"
"net"
"github.com/hashicorp/consul/consul/agent"
"github.com/hashicorp/consul/consul/structs"
"github.com/hashicorp/raft"
"github.com/hashicorp/serf/serf"
)
// Operator endpoint is used to perform low-level operator tasks for Consul.
type Operator struct {
srv *Server
}
// RaftGetConfiguration is used to retrieve the current Raft configuration.
func (op *Operator) RaftGetConfiguration(args *structs.DCSpecificRequest, reply *structs.RaftConfigurationResponse) error {
if done, err := op.srv.forward("Operator.RaftGetConfiguration", args, args, reply); done {
return err
}
// This action requires operator read access.
acl, err := op.srv.resolveToken(args.Token)
if err != nil {
return err
}
if acl != nil && !acl.OperatorRead() {
return permissionDeniedErr
}
// We can't fetch the leader and the configuration atomically with
// the current Raft API.
future := op.srv.raft.GetConfiguration()
if err := future.Error(); err != nil {
return err
}
// Index the Consul information about the servers.
serverMap := make(map[raft.ServerAddress]serf.Member)
for _, member := range op.srv.serfLAN.Members() {
valid, parts := agent.IsConsulServer(member)
if !valid {
continue
}
addr := (&net.TCPAddr{IP: member.Addr, Port: parts.Port}).String()
serverMap[raft.ServerAddress(addr)] = member
}
// Fill out the reply.
leader := op.srv.raft.Leader()
reply.Index = future.Index()
for _, server := range future.Configuration().Servers {
node := "(unknown)"
if member, ok := serverMap[server.Address]; ok {
node = member.Name
}
entry := &structs.RaftServer{
ID: server.ID,
Node: node,
Address: server.Address,
Leader: server.Address == leader,
Voter: server.Suffrage == raft.Voter,
}
reply.Servers = append(reply.Servers, entry)
}
return nil
}
// RaftRemovePeerByAddress is used to kick a stale peer (one that it in the Raft
// quorum but no longer known to Serf or the catalog) by address in the form of
// "IP:port". The reply argument is not used, but it required to fulfill the RPC
// interface.
func (op *Operator) RaftRemovePeerByAddress(args *structs.RaftPeerByAddressRequest, reply *struct{}) error {
if done, err := op.srv.forward("Operator.RaftRemovePeerByAddress", args, args, reply); done {
return err
}
// This is a super dangerous operation that requires operator write
// access.
acl, err := op.srv.resolveToken(args.Token)
if err != nil {
return err
}
if acl != nil && !acl.OperatorWrite() {
return permissionDeniedErr
}
// Since this is an operation designed for humans to use, we will return
// an error if the supplied address isn't among the peers since it's
// likely they screwed up.
{
future := op.srv.raft.GetConfiguration()
if err := future.Error(); err != nil {
return err
}
for _, s := range future.Configuration().Servers {
if s.Address == args.Address {
goto REMOVE
}
}
return fmt.Errorf("address %q was not found in the Raft configuration",
args.Address)
}
REMOVE:
// The Raft library itself will prevent various forms of foot-shooting,
// like making a configuration with no voters. Some consideration was
// given here to adding more checks, but it was decided to make this as
// low-level and direct as possible. We've got ACL coverage to lock this
// down, and if you are an operator, it's assumed you know what you are
// doing if you are calling this. If you remove a peer that's known to
// Serf, for example, it will come back when the leader does a reconcile
// pass.
future := op.srv.raft.RemovePeer(args.Address)
if err := future.Error(); err != nil {
op.srv.logger.Printf("[WARN] consul.operator: Failed to remove Raft peer %q: %v",
args.Address, err)
return err
}
op.srv.logger.Printf("[WARN] consul.operator: Removed Raft peer %q", args.Address)
return nil
}

245
consul/operator_endpoint_test.go Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,245 @@
package consul
import (
"fmt"
"os"
"reflect"
"strings"
"testing"
"github.com/hashicorp/consul/consul/structs"
"github.com/hashicorp/consul/testutil"
"github.com/hashicorp/net-rpc-msgpackrpc"
"github.com/hashicorp/raft"
)
func TestOperator_RaftGetConfiguration(t *testing.T) {
dir1, s1 := testServer(t)
defer os.RemoveAll(dir1)
defer s1.Shutdown()
codec := rpcClient(t, s1)
defer codec.Close()
testutil.WaitForLeader(t, s1.RPC, "dc1")
arg := structs.DCSpecificRequest{
Datacenter: "dc1",
}
var reply structs.RaftConfigurationResponse
if err := msgpackrpc.CallWithCodec(codec, "Operator.RaftGetConfiguration", &arg, &reply); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("err: %v", err)
}
future := s1.raft.GetConfiguration()
if err := future.Error(); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("err: %v", err)
}
if len(future.Configuration().Servers) != 1 {
t.Fatalf("bad: %v", future.Configuration().Servers)
}
me := future.Configuration().Servers[0]
expected := structs.RaftConfigurationResponse{
Servers: []*structs.RaftServer{
&structs.RaftServer{
ID: me.ID,
Node: s1.config.NodeName,
Address: me.Address,
Leader: true,
Voter: true,
},
},
Index: future.Index(),
}
if !reflect.DeepEqual(reply, expected) {
t.Fatalf("bad: %v", reply)
}
}
func TestOperator_RaftGetConfiguration_ACLDeny(t *testing.T) {
dir1, s1 := testServerWithConfig(t, func(c *Config) {
c.ACLDatacenter = "dc1"
c.ACLMasterToken = "root"
c.ACLDefaultPolicy = "deny"
})
defer os.RemoveAll(dir1)
defer s1.Shutdown()
codec := rpcClient(t, s1)
defer codec.Close()
testutil.WaitForLeader(t, s1.RPC, "dc1")
// Make a request with no token to make sure it gets denied.
arg := structs.DCSpecificRequest{
Datacenter: "dc1",
}
var reply structs.RaftConfigurationResponse
err := msgpackrpc.CallWithCodec(codec, "Operator.RaftGetConfiguration", &arg, &reply)
if err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), permissionDenied) {
t.Fatalf("err: %v", err)
}
// Create an ACL with operator read permissions.
var token string
{
var rules = `
operator = "read"
`
req := structs.ACLRequest{
Datacenter: "dc1",
Op: structs.ACLSet,
ACL: structs.ACL{
Name: "User token",
Type: structs.ACLTypeClient,
Rules: rules,
},
WriteRequest: structs.WriteRequest{Token: "root"},
}
if err := msgpackrpc.CallWithCodec(codec, "ACL.Apply", &req, &token); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("err: %v", err)
}
}
// Now it should go through.
arg.Token = token
if err := msgpackrpc.CallWithCodec(codec, "Operator.RaftGetConfiguration", &arg, &reply); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("err: %v", err)
}
future := s1.raft.GetConfiguration()
if err := future.Error(); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("err: %v", err)
}
if len(future.Configuration().Servers) != 1 {
t.Fatalf("bad: %v", future.Configuration().Servers)
}
me := future.Configuration().Servers[0]
expected := structs.RaftConfigurationResponse{
Servers: []*structs.RaftServer{
&structs.RaftServer{
ID: me.ID,
Node: s1.config.NodeName,
Address: me.Address,
Leader: true,
Voter: true,
},
},
Index: future.Index(),
}
if !reflect.DeepEqual(reply, expected) {
t.Fatalf("bad: %v", reply)
}
}
func TestOperator_RaftRemovePeerByAddress(t *testing.T) {
dir1, s1 := testServer(t)
defer os.RemoveAll(dir1)
defer s1.Shutdown()
codec := rpcClient(t, s1)
defer codec.Close()
testutil.WaitForLeader(t, s1.RPC, "dc1")
// Try to remove a peer that's not there.
arg := structs.RaftPeerByAddressRequest{
Datacenter: "dc1",
Address: raft.ServerAddress(fmt.Sprintf("127.0.0.1:%d", getPort())),
}
var reply struct{}
err := msgpackrpc.CallWithCodec(codec, "Operator.RaftRemovePeerByAddress", &arg, &reply)
if err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "not found in the Raft configuration") {
t.Fatalf("err: %v", err)
}
// Add it manually to Raft.
{
future := s1.raft.AddPeer(arg.Address)
if err := future.Error(); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("err: %v", err)
}
}
// Make sure it's there.
{
future := s1.raft.GetConfiguration()
if err := future.Error(); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("err: %v", err)
}
configuration := future.Configuration()
if len(configuration.Servers) != 2 {
t.Fatalf("bad: %v", configuration)
}
}
// Remove it, now it should go through.
if err := msgpackrpc.CallWithCodec(codec, "Operator.RaftRemovePeerByAddress", &arg, &reply); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("err: %v", err)
}
// Make sure it's not there.
{
future := s1.raft.GetConfiguration()
if err := future.Error(); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("err: %v", err)
}
configuration := future.Configuration()
if len(configuration.Servers) != 1 {
t.Fatalf("bad: %v", configuration)
}
}
}
func TestOperator_RaftRemovePeerByAddress_ACLDeny(t *testing.T) {
dir1, s1 := testServerWithConfig(t, func(c *Config) {
c.ACLDatacenter = "dc1"
c.ACLMasterToken = "root"
c.ACLDefaultPolicy = "deny"
})
defer os.RemoveAll(dir1)
defer s1.Shutdown()
codec := rpcClient(t, s1)
defer codec.Close()
testutil.WaitForLeader(t, s1.RPC, "dc1")
// Make a request with no token to make sure it gets denied.
arg := structs.RaftPeerByAddressRequest{
Datacenter: "dc1",
Address: raft.ServerAddress(s1.config.RPCAddr.String()),
}
var reply struct{}
err := msgpackrpc.CallWithCodec(codec, "Operator.RaftRemovePeerByAddress", &arg, &reply)
if err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), permissionDenied) {
t.Fatalf("err: %v", err)
}
// Create an ACL with operator write permissions.
var token string
{
var rules = `
operator = "write"
`
req := structs.ACLRequest{
Datacenter: "dc1",
Op: structs.ACLSet,
ACL: structs.ACL{
Name: "User token",
Type: structs.ACLTypeClient,
Rules: rules,
},
WriteRequest: structs.WriteRequest{Token: "root"},
}
if err := msgpackrpc.CallWithCodec(codec, "ACL.Apply", &req, &token); err != nil {
t.Fatalf("err: %v", err)
}
}
// Now it should kick back for being an invalid config, which means it
// tried to do the operation.
arg.Token = token
err = msgpackrpc.CallWithCodec(codec, "Operator.RaftRemovePeerByAddress", &arg, &reply)
if err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "at least one voter") {
t.Fatalf("err: %v", err)
}
}

39
consul/server.go
View File

@ -162,15 +162,16 @@ type Server struct {
// Holds the RPC endpoints
type endpoints struct {
Catalog *Catalog
Health *Health
Status *Status
KVS *KVS
Session *Session
Internal *Internal
ACL *ACL
Catalog *Catalog
Coordinate *Coordinate
Health *Health
Internal *Internal
KVS *KVS
Operator *Operator
PreparedQuery *PreparedQuery
Session *Session
Status *Status
Txn *Txn
}
@ -496,27 +497,29 @@ func (s *Server) setupRaft() error {
// setupRPC is used to setup the RPC listener
func (s *Server) setupRPC(tlsWrap tlsutil.DCWrapper) error {
// Create endpoints
s.endpoints.Status = &Status{s}
s.endpoints.Catalog = &Catalog{s}
s.endpoints.Health = &Health{s}
s.endpoints.KVS = &KVS{s}
s.endpoints.Session = &Session{s}
s.endpoints.Internal = &Internal{s}
s.endpoints.ACL = &ACL{s}
s.endpoints.Catalog = &Catalog{s}
s.endpoints.Coordinate = NewCoordinate(s)
s.endpoints.Health = &Health{s}
s.endpoints.Internal = &Internal{s}
s.endpoints.KVS = &KVS{s}
s.endpoints.Operator = &Operator{s}
s.endpoints.PreparedQuery = &PreparedQuery{s}
s.endpoints.Session = &Session{s}
s.endpoints.Status = &Status{s}
s.endpoints.Txn = &Txn{s}
// Register the handlers
s.rpcServer.Register(s.endpoints.Status)
s.rpcServer.Register(s.endpoints.Catalog)
s.rpcServer.Register(s.endpoints.Health)
s.rpcServer.Register(s.endpoints.KVS)
s.rpcServer.Register(s.endpoints.Session)
s.rpcServer.Register(s.endpoints.Internal)
s.rpcServer.Register(s.endpoints.ACL)
s.rpcServer.Register(s.endpoints.Catalog)
s.rpcServer.Register(s.endpoints.Coordinate)
s.rpcServer.Register(s.endpoints.Health)
s.rpcServer.Register(s.endpoints.Internal)
s.rpcServer.Register(s.endpoints.KVS)
s.rpcServer.Register(s.endpoints.Operator)
s.rpcServer.Register(s.endpoints.PreparedQuery)
s.rpcServer.Register(s.endpoints.Session)
s.rpcServer.Register(s.endpoints.Status)
s.rpcServer.Register(s.endpoints.Txn)
list, err := net.ListenTCP("tcp", s.config.RPCAddr)

8
consul/state/state_store.go
View File

@ -1248,7 +1248,13 @@ func (s *StateStore) parseCheckServiceNodes(
return 0, nil, err
}
var results structs.CheckServiceNodes
// Special-case the zero return value to nil, since this ends up in
// external APIs.
if len(services) == 0 {
return idx, nil, nil
}
results := make(structs.CheckServiceNodes, 0, len(services))
for _, sn := range services {
// Retrieve the node.
n, err := tx.First("nodes", "id", sn.Node)

57
consul/structs/operator.go Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
package structs
import (
"github.com/hashicorp/raft"
)
// RaftServer has information about a server in the Raft configuration.
type RaftServer struct {
// ID is the unique ID for the server. These are currently the same
// as the address, but they will be changed to a real GUID in a future
// release of Consul.
ID raft.ServerID
// Node is the node name of the server, as known by Consul, or this
// will be set to "(unknown)" otherwise.
Node string
// Address is the IP:port of the server, used for Raft communications.
Address raft.ServerAddress
// Leader is true if this server is the current cluster leader.
Leader bool
// Voter is true if this server has a vote in the cluster. This might
// be false if the server is staging and still coming online, or if
// it's a non-voting server, which will be added in a future release of
// Consul.
Voter bool
}
// RaftConfigrationResponse is returned when querying for the current Raft
// configuration.
type RaftConfigurationResponse struct {
// Servers has the list of servers in the Raft configuration.
Servers []*RaftServer
// Index has the Raft index of this configuration.
Index uint64
}
// RaftPeerByAddressRequest is used by the Operator endpoint to apply a Raft
// operation on a specific Raft peer by address in the form of "IP:port".
type RaftPeerByAddressRequest struct {
// Datacenter is the target this request is intended for.
Datacenter string
// Address is the peer to remove, in the form "IP:port".
Address raft.ServerAddress
// WriteRequest holds the ACL token to go along with this request.
WriteRequest
}
// RequestDatacenter returns the datacenter for a given request.
func (op *RaftPeerByAddressRequest) RequestDatacenter() string {
return op.Datacenter
}

132
website/source/docs/agent/http/operator.html.markdown Normal file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
---
layout: "docs"
page_title: "Operator (HTTP)"
sidebar_current: "docs-agent-http-operator"
description: >
The operator endpoint provides cluster-level tools for Consul operators.
---
# Operator HTTP Endpoint
The Operator endpoint provides cluster-level tools for Consul operators, such
as interacting with the Raft subsystem. This was added in Consul 0.7.
~> Use this interface with extreme caution, as improper use could lead to a Consul
outage and even loss of data.
If ACLs are enabled then a token with operator privileges may required in
order to use this interface. See the [ACL](/docs/internals/acl.html#operator)
internals guide for more information.
See the [Outage Recovery](/docs/guides/outage.html) guide for some examples of how
these capabilities are used. For a CLI to perform these operations manually, please
see the documentation for the [`consul operator`](/docs/commands/operator.html)
command.
The following endpoints are supported:
* [`/v1/operator/raft/configuration`](#raft-configuration): Inspects the Raft configuration
* [`/v1/operator/raft/peer`](#raft-peer): Operates on Raft peers
Not all endpoints support blocking queries and all consistency modes,
see details in the sections below.
The operator endpoints support the use of ACL Tokens. See the
[ACL](/docs/internals/acl.html#operator) internals guide for more information.
### <a name="raft-configuration"></a> /v1/operator/raft/configuration
The Raft configuration endpoint supports the `GET` method.
#### GET Method
When using the `GET` method, the request will be forwarded to the cluster
leader to retrieve its latest Raft peer configuration.
If the cluster doesn't currently have a leader an error will be returned. You
can use the "?stale" query parameter to read the Raft configuration from any
of the Consul servers.
By default, the datacenter of the agent is queried; however, the `dc` can be
provided using the "?dc=" query parameter.
If ACLs are enabled, the client will need to supply an ACL Token with
[`operator`](/docs/internals/acl.html#operator) read privileges.
A JSON body is returned that looks like this:
```javascript
{
"Servers": [
{
"ID": "127.0.0.1:8300",
"Node": "alice",
"Address": "127.0.0.1:8300",
"Leader": true,
"Voter": true
},
{
"ID": "127.0.0.2:8300",
"Node": "bob",
"Address": "127.0.0.2:8300",
"Leader": false,
"Voter": true
},
{
"ID": "127.0.0.3:8300",
"Node": "carol",
"Address": "127.0.0.3:8300",
"Leader": false,
"Voter": true
}
],
"Index": 22
}
```
The `Servers` array has information about the servers in the Raft peer
configuration:
`ID` is the ID of the server. This is the same as the `Address` in Consul 0.7
but may be upgraded to a GUID in a future version of Consul.
`Node` is the node name of the server, as known to Consul, or "(unknown)" if
the node is stale and not known.
`Address` is the IP:port for the server.
`Leader` is either "true" or "false" depending on the server's role in the
Raft configuration.
`Voter` is "true" or "false", indicating if the server has a vote in the Raft
configuration. Future versions of Consul may add support for non-voting servers.
The `Index` value is the Raft corresponding to this configuration. Note that
the latest configuration may not yet be committed if changes are in flight.
### <a name="raft-peer"></a> /v1/operator/raft/peer
The Raft peer endpoint supports the `DELETE` method.
#### DELETE Method
Using the `DELETE` method, this endpoint will remove the Consul server with
given address from the Raft configuration.
There are rare cases where a peer may be left behind in the Raft configuration
even though the server is no longer present and known to the cluster. This
endpoint can be used to remove the failed server so that it is no longer
affects the Raft quorum.
An "?address=" query parameter is required and should be set to the
"IP:port" for the server to remove. The port number is usually 8300, unless
configured otherwise. Nothing is required in the body of the request.
By default, the datacenter of the agent is targeted; however, the `dc` can be
provided using the "?dc=" query parameter.
If ACLs are enabled, the client will need to supply an ACL Token with
[`operator`](/docs/internals/acl.html#operator) write privileges.
The return code will indicate success or failure.

5
website/source/docs/agent/options.html.markdown
View File

@ -485,8 +485,9 @@ Consul will not enable TLS for the HTTP API unless the `https` port has been ass
* <a name="allow_stale"></a><a href="#allow_stale">`allow_stale`</a> - Enables a stale query
for DNS information. This allows any Consul server, rather than only the leader, to service
the request. The advantage of this is you get linear read scalability with Consul servers.
By default, this is false, meaning all requests are serviced by the leader, providing stronger
consistency but less throughput and higher latency.
In versions of Consul prior to 0.7, this defaulted to false, meaning all requests are serviced
by the leader, providing stronger consistency but less throughput and higher latency. In Consul
0.7 and later, this defaults to true for better utilization of available servers.
* <a name="max_stale"></a><a href="#max_stale">`max_stale`</a> When [`allow_stale`](#allow_stale)
is specified, this is used to limit how

1
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@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ Available commands are:
lock Execute a command holding a lock
members Lists the members of a Consul cluster
monitor Stream logs from a Consul agent
operator Provides cluster-level tools for Consul operators
reload Triggers the agent to reload configuration files
rtt Estimates network round trip time between nodes
version Prints the Consul version

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@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
---
layout: "docs"
page_title: "Commands: Operator"
sidebar_current: "docs-commands-operator"
description: >
The operator command provides cluster-level tools for Consul operators.
---
# Consul Operator
Command: `consul operator`
The `operator` command provides cluster-level tools for Consul operators, such
as interacting with the Raft subsystem. This was added in Consul 0.7.
~> Use this command with extreme caution, as improper use could lead to a Consul
outage and even loss of data.
If ACLs are enabled then a token with operator privileges may required in
order to use this command. Requests are forwarded internally to the leader
if required, so this can be run from any Consul node in a cluster. See the
[ACL](/docs/internals/acl.html#operator) internals guide for more information.
See the [Outage Recovery](/docs/guides/outage.html) guide for some examples of how
this command is used. For an API to perform these operations programatically,
please see the documentation for the [Operator](/docs/agent/http/operator.html)
endpoint.
## Usage
Usage: `consul operator <subcommand> [common options] [action] [options]`
Run `consul operator <subcommand>` with no arguments for help on that
subcommand. The following subcommands are available:
* `raft` - View and modify Consul's Raft configuration.
Options common to all subcommands include:
* `-http-addr` - Address to the HTTP server of the agent you want to contact
to send this command. If this isn't specified, the command will contact
"127.0.0.1:8500" which is the default HTTP address of a Consul agent.
* `-token` - ACL token to use. Defaults to that of agent.
## Raft Operations
The `raft` subcommand is used to view and modify Consul's Raft configuration.
Two actions are available, as detailed in this section.
<a name="raft-list-peers"></a>
#### Display Peer Configuration
This action displays the current Raft peer configuration.
Usage: `raft -list-peers -stale=[true|false]`
* `-stale` - Optional and defaults to "false" which means the leader provides
the result. If the cluster is in an outage state without a leader, you may need
to set this to "true" to get the configuration from a non-leader server.
The output looks like this:
```
Node ID Address State Voter
alice 127.0.0.1:8300 127.0.0.1:8300 follower true
bob 127.0.0.2:8300 127.0.0.2:8300 leader true
carol 127.0.0.3:8300 127.0.0.3:8300 follower true
```
`Node` is the node name of the server, as known to Consul, or "(unknown)" if
the node is stale and not known.
`ID` is the ID of the server. This is the same as the `Address` in Consul 0.7
but may be upgraded to a GUID in a future version of Consul.
`Address` is the IP:port for the server.
`State` is either "follower" or "leader" depending on the server's role in the
Raft configuration.
`Voter` is "true" or "false", indicating if the server has a vote in the Raft
configuration. Future versions of Consul may add support for non-voting servers.
<a name="raft-remove-peer"></a>
#### Remove a Peer
This command removes Consul server with given address from the Raft configuration.
There are rare cases where a peer may be left behind in the Raft configuration
even though the server is no longer present and known to the cluster. This command
can be used to remove the failed server so that it is no longer affects the
Raft quorum. If the server still shows in the output of the
[`consul members`](/docs/commands/members.html) command, it is preferable to
clean up by simply running
[`consul force-leave`](http://localhost:4567/docs/commands/force-leave.html)
instead of this command.
Usage: `raft -remove-peer -address="IP:port"`
* `-address` - "IP:port" for the server to remove. The port number is usually
8300, unless configured otherwise.
The return code will indicate success or failure.

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@ -38,20 +38,72 @@ comes online as agents perform [anti-entropy](/docs/internals/anti-entropy.html)
## Failure of a Server in a Multi-Server Cluster
If you think the failed server is recoverable, the easiest option is to bring
it back online and have it rejoin the cluster, returning the cluster to a fully
healthy state. Similarly, even if you need to rebuild a new Consul server to
replace the failed node, you may wish to do that immediately. Keep in mind that
the rebuilt server needs to have the same IP as the failed server. Again, once
this server is online, the cluster will return to a fully healthy state.
it back online and have it rejoin the cluster with the same IP address, returning
the cluster to a fully healthy state. Similarly, even if you need to rebuild a
new Consul server to replace the failed node, you may wish to do that immediately.
Keep in mind that the rebuilt server needs to have the same IP address as the failed
server. Again, once this server is online and has rejoined, the cluster will return
to a fully healthy state.
Both of these strategies involve a potentially lengthy time to reboot or rebuild
a failed server. If this is impractical or if building a new server with the same
IP isn't an option, you need to remove the failed server. Usually, you can issue
a [`force-leave`](/docs/commands/force-leave.html) command to remove the failed
a [`consul force-leave`](/docs/commands/force-leave.html) command to remove the failed
server if it's still a member of the cluster.
If the `force-leave` isn't able to remove the server, you can remove it manually
using the `raft/peers.json` recovery file on all remaining servers.
If [`consul force-leave`](/docs/commands/force-leave.html) isn't able to remove the
server, you have two methods available to remove it, depending on your version of Consul:
* In Consul 0.7 and later, you can use the [`consul operator`](/docs/commands/operator.html#raft-remove-peer)
command to remove the stale peer server on the fly with no downtime.
* In versions of Consul prior to 0.7, you can manually remove the stale peer
server using the `raft/peers.json` recovery file on all remaining servers. See
the [section below](#peers.json) for details on this procedure. This process
requires a Consul downtime to complete.
In Consul 0.7 and later, you can use the [`consul operator`](/docs/commands/operator.html#raft-list-peers)
command to inspect the Raft configuration:
```
$ consul operator raft -list-peers
Node ID Address State Voter
alice 10.0.1.8:8300 10.0.1.8:8300 follower true
bob 10.0.1.6:8300 10.0.1.6:8300 leader true
carol 10.0.1.7:8300 10.0.1.7:8300 follower true
```
## Failure of Multiple Servers in a Multi-Server Cluster
In the event that multiple servers are lost, causing a loss of quorum and a
complete outage, partial recovery is possible using data on the remaining
servers in the cluster. There may be data loss in this situation because multiple
servers were lost, so information about what's committed could be incomplete.
The recovery process implicitly commits all outstanding Raft log entries, so
it's also possible to commit data that was uncommitted before the failure.
See the [section below](#peers.json) for details of the recovery procedure. You
simply include just the remaining servers in the `raft/peers.json` recovery file.
The cluster should be able to elect a leader once the remaining servers are all
restarted with an identical `raft/peers.json` configuration.
Any new servers you introduce later can be fresh with totally clean data directories
and joined using Consul's `join` command.
In extreme cases, it should be possible to recover with just a single remaining
server by starting that single server with itself as the only peer in the
`raft/peers.json` recovery file.
Note that prior to Consul 0.7 it wasn't always possible to recover from certain
types of outages with `raft/peers.json` because this was ingested before any Raft
log entries were played back. In Consul 0.7 and later, the `raft/peers.json`
recovery file is final, and a snapshot is taken after it is ingested, so you are
guaranteed to start with your recovered configuration. This does implicitly commit
all Raft log entries, so should only be used to recover from an outage, but it
should allow recovery from any situation where there's some cluster data available.
<a name="peers.json"></a>
## Manual Recovery Using peers.json
To begin, stop all remaining servers. You can attempt a graceful leave,
but it will not work in most cases. Do not worry if the leave exits with an
@ -70,11 +122,6 @@ implicitly committed, so this should only be used after an outage where no
other option is available to recover a lost server. Make sure you don't have
any automated processes that will put the peers file in place on a periodic basis,
for example.
<br>
<br>
When the final version of Consul 0.7 ships, it should include a command to
remove a dead peer without having to stop servers and edit the `raft/peers.json`
recovery file.
The next step is to go to the [`-data-dir`](/docs/agent/options.html#_data_dir)
of each Consul server. Inside that directory, there will be a `raft/`
@ -126,56 +173,13 @@ nodes should claim leadership and emit a log like:
[INFO] consul: cluster leadership acquired
```
Additionally, the [`info`](/docs/commands/info.html) command can be a useful
debugging tool:
In Consul 0.7 and later, you can use the [`consul operator`](/docs/commands/operator.html#raft-list-peers)
command to inspect the Raft configuration:
```text
$ consul info
...
raft:
applied_index = 47244
commit_index = 47244
fsm_pending = 0
last_log_index = 47244
last_log_term = 21
last_snapshot_index = 40966
last_snapshot_term = 20
num_peers = 2
state = Leader
term = 21
...
```
You should verify that one server claims to be the `Leader` and all the
others should be in the `Follower` state. All the nodes should agree on the
peer count as well. This count is (N-1), since a server does not count itself
as a peer.
## Failure of Multiple Servers in a Multi-Server Cluster
In the event that multiple servers are lost, causing a loss of quorum and a
complete outage, partial recovery is possible using data on the remaining
servers in the cluster. There may be data loss in this situation because multiple
servers were lost, so information about what's committed could be incomplete.
The recovery process implicitly commits all outstanding Raft log entries, so
it's also possible to commit data that was uncommitted before the failure.
The procedure is the same as for the single-server case above; you simply include
just the remaining servers in the `raft/peers.json` recovery file. The cluster
should be able to elect a leader once the remaining servers are all restarted with
an identical `raft/peers.json` configuration.
Any new servers you introduce later can be fresh with totally clean data directories
and joined using Consul's `join` command.
In extreme cases, it should be possible to recover with just a single remaining
server by starting that single server with itself as the only peer in the
`raft/peers.json` recovery file.
Note that prior to Consul 0.7 it wasn't always possible to recover from certain
types of outages with `raft/peers.json` because this was ingested before any Raft
log entries were played back. In Consul 0.7 and later, the `raft/peers.json`
recovery file is final, and a snapshot is taken after it is ingested, so you are
guaranteed to start with your recovered configuration. This does implicitly commit
all Raft log entries, so should only be used to recover from an outage, but it
should allow recovery from any situation where there's some cluster data available.
$ consul operator raft -list-peers
Node ID Address State Voter
alice 10.0.1.8:8300 10.0.1.8:8300 follower true
bob 10.0.1.6:8300 10.0.1.6:8300 leader true
carol 10.0.1.7:8300 10.0.1.7:8300 follower true
```

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@ -78,8 +78,9 @@ or add more powerful servers.
* For DNS-heavy workloads, configuring all Consul agents in a cluster with the
[`allow_stale`](/docs/agent/options.html#allow_stale) configuration option will allow reads to
scale across all Consul servers, not just the leader. See [Stale Reads](/docs/guides/dns-cache.html#stale)
in the [DNS Caching](/docs/guides/dns-cache.html) guide for more details. It's also good to set
scale across all Consul servers, not just the leader. Consul 0.7 and later enables stale reads
for DNS by default. See [Stale Reads](/docs/guides/dns-cache.html#stale) in the
[DNS Caching](/docs/guides/dns-cache.html) guide for more details. It's also good to set
reasonable, non-zero [DNS TTL values](/docs/guides/dns-cache.html#ttl) if your clients will
respect them.

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@ -210,6 +210,9 @@ query "" {
# Read-only mode for the encryption keyring by default (list only)
keyring = "read"
# Read-only mode for Consul operator interfaces (list only)
operator = "read"
```
This is equivalent to the following JSON input:
@ -248,13 +251,14 @@ This is equivalent to the following JSON input:
"policy": "read"
}
},
"keyring": "read"
"keyring": "read",
"operator": "read"
}
```
## Building ACL Policies
#### Blacklist mode and `consul exec`
#### Blacklist Mode and `consul exec`
If you set [`acl_default_policy`](/docs/agent/options.html#acl_default_policy)
to `deny`, the `anonymous` token won't have permission to read the default
@ -279,7 +283,7 @@ Alternatively, you can, of course, add an explicit
[`acl_token`](/docs/agent/options.html#acl_token) to each agent, giving it access
to that prefix.
#### Blacklist mode and Service Discovery
#### Blacklist Mode and Service Discovery
If your [`acl_default_policy`](/docs/agent/options.html#acl_default_policy) is
set to `deny`, the `anonymous` token will be unable to read any service
@ -327,12 +331,12 @@ event "" {
As always, the more secure way to handle user events is to explicitly grant
access to each API token based on the events they should be able to fire.
#### Blacklist mode and Prepared Queries
#### Blacklist Mode and Prepared Queries
After Consul 0.6.3, significant changes were made to ACLs for prepared queries,
including a new `query` ACL policy. See [Prepared Query ACLs](#prepared_query_acls) below for more details.
#### Blacklist mode and Keyring Operations
#### Blacklist Mode and Keyring Operations
Consul 0.6 and later supports securing the encryption keyring operations using
ACL's. Encryption is an optional component of the gossip layer. More information
@ -353,6 +357,28 @@ Encryption keyring operations are sensitive and should be properly secured. It
is recommended that instead of configuring a wide-open policy like above, a
per-token policy is applied to maximize security.
<a name="operator"></a>
#### Blacklist Mode and Consul Operator Actions
Consul 0.7 added special Consul operator actions which are protected by a new
`operator` ACL policy. The operator actions cover:
* [Operator HTTP endpoint](/docs/agent/http/operator.html)
* [Operator CLI command](/docs/commands/operator.html)
If your [`acl_default_policy`](/docs/agent/options.html#acl_default_policy) is
set to `deny`, then the `anonymous` token will not have access to Consul operator
actions. Granting `read` access allows reading information for diagnostic purposes
without making any changes to state. Granting `write` access allows reading
information and changing state. Here's an example policy:
```
operator = "write"
```
~> Grant `write` access to operator actions with extreme caution, as improper use
could lead to a Consul outage and even loss of data.
#### Services and Checks with ACLs
Consul allows configuring ACL policies which may control access to service and

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@ -19,9 +19,22 @@ standard upgrade flow.
Consul version 0.7 is a very large release with many important changes. Changes
to be aware of during an upgrade are categorized below.
#### Performance Tuning and New Defaults
#### Defaults Changed for Better Performance
Consul 0.7 introduced support for tuning Raft performance using a new
Consul 0.7 now defaults the DNS configuration to allow for stale queries by defaulting
[`allow_stale`](/docs/agent/options.html#allow_stale) to true for better utilization
of available servers. If you want to retain the previous behavior, set the following
configuration:
```javascript
{
"dns_config": {
"allow_stale": false
}
}
```
Consul also 0.7 introduced support for tuning Raft performance using a new
[performance configuration block](/docs/agent/options.html#performance). Also,
the default Raft timing is set to a lower-performance mode suitable for
[minimal Consul servers](/docs/guides/performance.html#minumum).
@ -40,7 +53,7 @@ to all Consul servers when upgrading:
See the [Server Performance](/docs/guides/performance.html) guide for more details.
#### Default Configuration Changes
#### Servers No Longer Default to Leave on Interrupt
The default behavior of [`skip_leave_on_interrupt`](/docs/agent/options.html#skip_leave_on_interrupt)
is now dependent on whether or not the agent is acting as a server or client. When Consul is started as a

8
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@ -118,6 +118,10 @@
<a href="/docs/commands/monitor.html">monitor</a>
</li>
<li<%= sidebar_current("docs-commands-operator") %>>
<a href="/docs/commands/operator.html">operator</a>
</li>
<li<%= sidebar_current("docs-commands-info") %>>
<a href="/docs/commands/info.html">info</a>
</li>
@ -178,6 +182,10 @@
<a href="/docs/agent/http/coordinate.html">Network Coordinates</a>
</li>
<li<%= sidebar_current("docs-agent-http-operator") %>>
<a href="/docs/agent/http/operator.html">Operator </a>
</li>
<li<%= sidebar_current("docs-agent-http-query") %>>
<a href="/docs/agent/http/query.html">Prepared Queries</a>
</li>