rocksdb/cache/compressed_secondary_cache.h
Bo Wang 87b82f28a1 Split cache to minimize internal fragmentation (#10287)
Summary:
### **Summary:**
To minimize the internal fragmentation caused by the variable size of the compressed blocks, the original block is split according to the jemalloc bin size in `Insert()` and then merged back in `Lookup()`.  Based on the analysis of the results of the following tests, from the overall internal fragmentation perspective, this PR does mitigate the internal fragmentation issue.

_Do more myshadow tests with the latest commit. I finished several myshadow AB Testing and the results are promising. For the config of 4GB primary cache and 3GB secondary cache, Jemalloc resident stats shows consistently ~0.15GB memory saving; the allocated and active stats show similar memory savings. The CPU usage is almost the same before and after this PR._

To evaluate the issue of memory fragmentations and the benefits of this PR, I conducted two sets of local tests as follows.

**T1**
Keys:       16 bytes each (+ 0 bytes user-defined timestamp)
Values:     100 bytes each (50 bytes after compression)
Entries:    90000000
RawSize:    9956.4 MB (estimated)
FileSize:   5664.8 MB (estimated)

| Test Name | Primary Cache Size (MB) | Compressed Secondary Cache Size (MB) |
| - | - | - |
| T1_3 | 4000 | 4000 |
| T1_4 | 2000 | 3000 |

Populate the DB:
./db_bench --benchmarks=fillrandom --num=90000000 -db=/mem_fragmentation/db_bench_1
Overwrite it to a stable state:
./db_bench --benchmarks=overwrite --num=90000000 -use_existing_db -db=/mem_fragmentation/db_bench_1

Run read tests with differnt cache setting:
T1_3:
MALLOC_CONF="prof:true,prof_stats:true" ../rocksdb/db_bench --benchmarks=seekrandom  --threads=16 --num=90000000 -use_existing_db --benchmark_write_rate_limit=52000000 -use_direct_reads --cache_size=4000000000 -compressed_secondary_cache_size=4000000000 -use_compressed_secondary_cache -db=/mem_fragmentation/db_bench_1 --print_malloc_stats=true > ~/temp/mem_frag/20220710/jemalloc_stats_json_T1_3_20220710 -duration=1800 &

T1_4:
MALLOC_CONF="prof:true,prof_stats:true" ../rocksdb/db_bench --benchmarks=seekrandom  --threads=16 --num=90000000 -use_existing_db --benchmark_write_rate_limit=52000000 -use_direct_reads --cache_size=2000000000 -compressed_secondary_cache_size=3000000000 -use_compressed_secondary_cache -db=/mem_fragmentation/db_bench_1 --print_malloc_stats=true > ~/temp/mem_frag/20220710/jemalloc_stats_json_T1_4_20220710 -duration=1800 &

For T1_3 and T1_4, I also conducted the tests before and after this PR. The following table show the important jemalloc stats.

| Test Name | T1_3 | T1_3 after mem defrag | T1_4 | T1_4 after mem defrag |
| - | - | - | - | - |
| allocated (MB)  | 8728 | 8076 | 5518 | 5043 |
| available (MB)  | 8753 | 8092 | 5536 | 5051 |
| external fragmentation rate  | 0.003 | 0.002 | 0.003 | 0.0016 |
| resident (MB)  | 8956 | 8365 | 5655 | 5235 |

**T2**
Keys:       32 bytes each (+ 0 bytes user-defined timestamp)
Values:     256 bytes each (128 bytes after compression)
Entries:    40000000
RawSize:    10986.3 MB (estimated)
FileSize:   6103.5 MB (estimated)

| Test Name | Primary Cache Size (MB) | Compressed Secondary Cache Size (MB) |
| - | - | - |
| T2_3 | 4000 | 4000 |
| T2_4 | 2000 | 3000 |

Create DB (10GB):
./db_bench -benchmarks=fillrandom -use_direct_reads=true -num=40000000 -key_size=32 -value_size=256 -db=/mem_fragmentation/db_bench_2
Overwrite it to a stable state:
./db_bench --benchmarks=overwrite --num=40000000 -use_existing_db -key_size=32 -value_size=256 -db=/mem_fragmentation/db_bench_2

Run read tests with differnt cache setting:
T2_3:
MALLOC_CONF="prof:true,prof_stats:true" ./db_bench  --benchmarks="mixgraph" -use_direct_io_for_flush_and_compaction=true -use_direct_reads=true -cache_size=4000000000 -compressed_secondary_cache_size=4000000000 -use_compressed_secondary_cache -keyrange_dist_a=14.18 -keyrange_dist_b=-2.917 -keyrange_dist_c=0.0164 -keyrange_dist_d=-0.08082 -keyrange_num=30 -value_k=0.2615 -value_sigma=25.45 -iter_k=2.517 -iter_sigma=14.236 -mix_get_ratio=0.85 -mix_put_ratio=0.14 -mix_seek_ratio=0.01 -sine_mix_rate_interval_milliseconds=5000 -sine_a=1000 -sine_b=0.000073 -sine_d=400000 -reads=80000000 -num=40000000 -key_size=32 -value_size=256 -use_existing_db=true -db=/mem_fragmentation/db_bench_2 --print_malloc_stats=true > ~/temp/mem_frag/jemalloc_stats_T2_3 -duration=1800  &

T2_4:
MALLOC_CONF="prof:true,prof_stats:true" ./db_bench  --benchmarks="mixgraph" -use_direct_io_for_flush_and_compaction=true -use_direct_reads=true -cache_size=2000000000 -compressed_secondary_cache_size=3000000000 -use_compressed_secondary_cache -keyrange_dist_a=14.18 -keyrange_dist_b=-2.917 -keyrange_dist_c=0.0164 -keyrange_dist_d=-0.08082 -keyrange_num=30 -value_k=0.2615 -value_sigma=25.45 -iter_k=2.517 -iter_sigma=14.236 -mix_get_ratio=0.85 -mix_put_ratio=0.14 -mix_seek_ratio=0.01 -sine_mix_rate_interval_milliseconds=5000 -sine_a=1000 -sine_b=0.000073 -sine_d=400000 -reads=80000000 -num=40000000 -key_size=32 -value_size=256 -use_existing_db=true -db=/mem_fragmentation/db_bench_2 --print_malloc_stats=true > ~/temp/mem_frag/jemalloc_stats_T2_4 -duration=1800  &

For T2_3 and T2_4, I also conducted the tests before and after this PR. The following table show the important jemalloc stats.

| Test Name |  T2_3 | T2_3 after mem defrag | T2_4 | T2_4 after mem defrag |
| -  | - | - | - | - |
| allocated (MB)  | 8425 | 8093 | 5426 | 5149 |
| available (MB)  | 8489 | 8138 | 5435 | 5158 |
| external fragmentation rate  | 0.008 | 0.0055 | 0.0017 | 0.0017 |
| resident (MB)  | 8676 | 8392 | 5541 | 5321 |

Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/10287

Test Plan: Unit tests.

Reviewed By: anand1976

Differential Revision: D37743362

Pulled By: gitbw95

fbshipit-source-id: 0010c5af08addeacc5ebbc4ffe5be882fb1d38ad
2022-08-02 15:28:11 -07:00

119 lines
4.2 KiB
C++

// Copyright (c) 2011-present, Facebook, Inc. All rights reserved.
// This source code is licensed under both the GPLv2 (found in the
// COPYING file in the root directory) and Apache 2.0 License
// (found in the LICENSE.Apache file in the root directory).
#pragma once
#include <array>
#include <cstddef>
#include <memory>
#include "cache/lru_cache.h"
#include "memory/memory_allocator.h"
#include "rocksdb/secondary_cache.h"
#include "rocksdb/slice.h"
#include "rocksdb/status.h"
#include "util/compression.h"
namespace ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE {
class CompressedSecondaryCacheResultHandle : public SecondaryCacheResultHandle {
public:
CompressedSecondaryCacheResultHandle(void* value, size_t size)
: value_(value), size_(size) {}
virtual ~CompressedSecondaryCacheResultHandle() override = default;
CompressedSecondaryCacheResultHandle(
const CompressedSecondaryCacheResultHandle&) = delete;
CompressedSecondaryCacheResultHandle& operator=(
const CompressedSecondaryCacheResultHandle&) = delete;
bool IsReady() override { return true; }
void Wait() override {}
void* Value() override { return value_; }
size_t Size() override { return size_; }
private:
void* value_;
size_t size_;
};
// The CompressedSecondaryCache is a concrete implementation of
// rocksdb::SecondaryCache.
//
// Users can also cast a pointer to it and call methods on
// it directly, especially custom methods that may be added
// in the future. For example -
// std::unique_ptr<rocksdb::SecondaryCache> cache =
// NewCompressedSecondaryCache(opts);
// static_cast<CompressedSecondaryCache*>(cache.get())->Erase(key);
class CompressedSecondaryCache : public SecondaryCache {
public:
CompressedSecondaryCache(
size_t capacity, int num_shard_bits, bool strict_capacity_limit,
double high_pri_pool_ratio,
std::shared_ptr<MemoryAllocator> memory_allocator = nullptr,
bool use_adaptive_mutex = kDefaultToAdaptiveMutex,
CacheMetadataChargePolicy metadata_charge_policy =
kDefaultCacheMetadataChargePolicy,
CompressionType compression_type = CompressionType::kLZ4Compression,
uint32_t compress_format_version = 2);
virtual ~CompressedSecondaryCache() override;
const char* Name() const override { return "CompressedSecondaryCache"; }
Status Insert(const Slice& key, void* value,
const Cache::CacheItemHelper* helper) override;
std::unique_ptr<SecondaryCacheResultHandle> Lookup(
const Slice& key, const Cache::CreateCallback& create_cb, bool /*wait*/,
bool& is_in_sec_cache) override;
void Erase(const Slice& key) override;
void WaitAll(std::vector<SecondaryCacheResultHandle*> /*handles*/) override {}
std::string GetPrintableOptions() const override;
private:
friend class CompressedSecondaryCacheTest;
static constexpr std::array<uint16_t, 33> malloc_bin_sizes_{
32, 64, 96, 128, 160, 192, 224, 256, 320, 384, 448,
512, 640, 768, 896, 1024, 1280, 1536, 1792, 2048, 2560, 3072,
3584, 4096, 5120, 6144, 7168, 8192, 10240, 12288, 14336, 16384, 32768};
struct CacheValueChunk {
// TODO try "CacheAllocationPtr next;".
CacheValueChunk* next;
size_t size;
// Beginning of the chunk data (MUST BE THE LAST FIELD IN THIS STRUCT!)
char data[1];
void Free() { delete[] reinterpret_cast<char*>(this); }
};
// Split value into chunks to better fit into jemalloc bins. The chunks
// are stored in CacheValueChunk and extra charge is needed for each chunk,
// so the cache charge is recalculated here.
CacheValueChunk* SplitValueIntoChunks(const Slice& value,
const CompressionType compression_type,
size_t& charge);
// After merging chunks, the extra charge for each chunk is removed, so
// the charge is recalculated.
CacheAllocationPtr MergeChunksIntoValue(const void* chunks_head,
size_t& charge);
// An implementation of Cache::DeleterFn.
static void DeletionCallback(const Slice& /*key*/, void* obj);
std::shared_ptr<Cache> cache_;
CompressedSecondaryCacheOptions cache_options_;
};
} // namespace ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE