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b4d7209428
Summary: The first key is used to defer reading the data block until this file gets to the top of merging iterator's heap. For short range scans, most files never make it to the top of the heap, so this change can reduce read amplification by a lot sometimes. Consider the following workload. There are a few data streams (we'll be calling them "logs"), each stream consisting of a sequence of blobs (we'll be calling them "records"). Each record is identified by log ID and a sequence number within the log. RocksDB key is concatenation of log ID and sequence number (big endian). Reads are mostly relatively short range scans, each within a single log. Writes are mostly sequential for each log, but writes to different logs are randomly interleaved. Compactions are disabled; instead, when we accumulate a few tens of sst files, we create a new column family and start writing to it. So, a typical sst file consists of a few ranges of blocks, each range corresponding to one log ID (we use FlushBlockPolicy to cut blocks at log boundaries). A typical read would go like this. First, iterator Seek() reads one block from each sst file. Then a series of Next()s move through one sst file (since writes to each log are mostly sequential) until the subiterator reaches the end of this log in this sst file; then Next() switches to the next sst file and reads sequentially from that, and so on. Often a range scan will only return records from a small number of blocks in small number of sst files; in this case, the cost of initial Seek() reading one block from each file may be bigger than the cost of reading the actually useful blocks. Neither iterate_upper_bound nor bloom filters can prevent reading one block from each file in Seek(). But this PR can: if the index contains first key from each block, we don't have to read the block until this block actually makes it to the top of merging iterator's heap, so for short range scans we won't read any blocks from most of the sst files. This PR does the deferred block loading inside value() call. This is not ideal: there's no good way to report an IO error from inside value(). As discussed with siying offline, it would probably be better to change InternalIterator's interface to explicitly fetch deferred value and get status. I'll do it in a separate PR. Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/5289 Differential Revision: D15256423 Pulled By: al13n321 fbshipit-source-id: 750e4c39ce88e8d41662f701cf6275d9388ba46a
44 lines
1.7 KiB
C++
44 lines
1.7 KiB
C++
// Copyright (c) 2011-present, Facebook, Inc. All rights reserved.
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// This source code is licensed under both the GPLv2 (found in the
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// COPYING file in the root directory) and Apache 2.0 License
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// (found in the LICENSE.Apache file in the root directory).
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//
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// Copyright (c) 2011 The LevelDB Authors. All rights reserved.
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// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
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// found in the LICENSE file. See the AUTHORS file for names of contributors.
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#pragma once
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#include "rocksdb/iterator.h"
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#include "rocksdb/env.h"
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#include "table/iterator_wrapper.h"
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namespace rocksdb {
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struct ReadOptions;
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class InternalKeyComparator;
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// TwoLevelIteratorState expects iterators are not created using the arena
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struct TwoLevelIteratorState {
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TwoLevelIteratorState() {}
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virtual ~TwoLevelIteratorState() {}
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virtual InternalIteratorBase<IndexValue>* NewSecondaryIterator(
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const BlockHandle& handle) = 0;
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};
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// Return a new two level iterator. A two-level iterator contains an
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// index iterator whose values point to a sequence of blocks where
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// each block is itself a sequence of key,value pairs. The returned
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// two-level iterator yields the concatenation of all key/value pairs
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// in the sequence of blocks. Takes ownership of "index_iter" and
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// will delete it when no longer needed.
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//
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// Uses a supplied function to convert an index_iter value into
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// an iterator over the contents of the corresponding block.
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// Note: this function expects first_level_iter was not created using the arena
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extern InternalIteratorBase<IndexValue>* NewTwoLevelIterator(
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TwoLevelIteratorState* state,
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InternalIteratorBase<IndexValue>* first_level_iter);
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} // namespace rocksdb
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