rocksdb/db/builder.h
Yanqin Jin 0bd4dcde6b CompactionIterator sees consistent view of which keys are committed (#9830)
Summary:
**This PR does not affect the functionality of `DB` and write-committed transactions.**

`CompactionIterator` uses `KeyCommitted(seq)` to determine if a key in the database is committed.
As the name 'write-committed' implies, if write-committed policy is used, a key exists in the database only if
it is committed. In fact, the implementation of `KeyCommitted()` is as follows:

```
inline bool KeyCommitted(SequenceNumber seq) {
  // For non-txn-db and write-committed, snapshot_checker_ is always nullptr.
  return snapshot_checker_ == nullptr ||
         snapshot_checker_->CheckInSnapshot(seq, kMaxSequence) == SnapshotCheckerResult::kInSnapshot;
}
```

With that being said, we focus on write-prepared/write-unprepared transactions.

A few notes:
- A key can exist in the db even if it's uncommitted. Therefore, we rely on `snapshot_checker_` to determine data visibility. We also require that all writes go through transaction API instead of the raw `WriteBatch` + `Write`, thus at most one uncommitted version of one user key can exist in the database.
- `CompactionIterator` outputs a key as long as the key is uncommitted.

Due to the above reasons, it is possible that `CompactionIterator` decides to output an uncommitted key without
doing further checks on the key (`NextFromInput()`). By the time the key is being prepared for output, the key becomes
committed because the `snapshot_checker_(seq, kMaxSequence)` becomes true in the implementation of `KeyCommitted()`.
Then `CompactionIterator` will try to zero its sequence number and hit assertion error if the key is a tombstone.

To fix this issue, we should make the `CompactionIterator` see a consistent view of the input keys. Note that
for write-prepared/write-unprepared, the background flush/compaction jobs already take a "job snapshot" before starting
processing keys. The job snapshot is released only after the entire flush/compaction finishes. We can use this snapshot
to determine whether a key is committed or not with minor change to `KeyCommitted()`.

```
inline bool KeyCommitted(SequenceNumber sequence) {
  // For non-txn-db and write-committed, snapshot_checker_ is always nullptr.
  return snapshot_checker_ == nullptr ||
         snapshot_checker_->CheckInSnapshot(sequence, job_snapshot_) ==
             SnapshotCheckerResult::kInSnapshot;
}
```

As a result, whether a key is committed or not will remain a constant throughout compaction, causing no trouble
for `CompactionIterator`s assertions.

Pull Request resolved: https://github.com/facebook/rocksdb/pull/9830

Test Plan: make check

Reviewed By: ltamasi

Differential Revision: D35561162

Pulled By: riversand963

fbshipit-source-id: 0e00d200c195240341cfe6d34cbc86798b315b9f
2022-04-14 11:11:04 -07:00

75 lines
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// Copyright (c) 2011-present, Facebook, Inc. All rights reserved.
// This source code is licensed under both the GPLv2 (found in the
// COPYING file in the root directory) and Apache 2.0 License
// (found in the LICENSE.Apache file in the root directory).
// Copyright (c) 2011 The LevelDB Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file. See the AUTHORS file for names of contributors.
#pragma once
#include <string>
#include <utility>
#include <vector>
#include "db/range_tombstone_fragmenter.h"
#include "db/table_properties_collector.h"
#include "logging/event_logger.h"
#include "options/cf_options.h"
#include "rocksdb/comparator.h"
#include "rocksdb/env.h"
#include "rocksdb/listener.h"
#include "rocksdb/options.h"
#include "rocksdb/status.h"
#include "rocksdb/table_properties.h"
#include "rocksdb/types.h"
#include "table/scoped_arena_iterator.h"
namespace ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE {
struct FileMetaData;
class VersionSet;
class BlobFileAddition;
class SnapshotChecker;
class TableCache;
class TableBuilder;
class WritableFileWriter;
class InternalStats;
class BlobFileCompletionCallback;
// Convenience function for NewTableBuilder on the embedded table_factory.
TableBuilder* NewTableBuilder(const TableBuilderOptions& tboptions,
WritableFileWriter* file);
// Build a Table file from the contents of *iter. The generated file
// will be named according to number specified in meta. On success, the rest of
// *meta will be filled with metadata about the generated table.
// If no data is present in *iter, meta->file_size will be set to
// zero, and no Table file will be produced.
//
// @param column_family_name Name of the column family that is also identified
// by column_family_id, or empty string if unknown.
extern Status BuildTable(
const std::string& dbname, VersionSet* versions,
const ImmutableDBOptions& db_options, const TableBuilderOptions& tboptions,
const FileOptions& file_options, TableCache* table_cache,
InternalIterator* iter,
std::vector<std::unique_ptr<FragmentedRangeTombstoneIterator>>
range_del_iters,
FileMetaData* meta, std::vector<BlobFileAddition>* blob_file_additions,
std::vector<SequenceNumber> snapshots,
SequenceNumber earliest_write_conflict_snapshot,
SequenceNumber job_snapshot, SnapshotChecker* snapshot_checker,
bool paranoid_file_checks, InternalStats* internal_stats,
IOStatus* io_status, const std::shared_ptr<IOTracer>& io_tracer,
BlobFileCreationReason blob_creation_reason,
EventLogger* event_logger = nullptr, int job_id = 0,
const Env::IOPriority io_priority = Env::IO_HIGH,
TableProperties* table_properties = nullptr,
Env::WriteLifeTimeHint write_hint = Env::WLTH_NOT_SET,
const std::string* full_history_ts_low = nullptr,
BlobFileCompletionCallback* blob_callback = nullptr,
uint64_t* num_input_entries = nullptr,
uint64_t* memtable_payload_bytes = nullptr,
uint64_t* memtable_garbage_bytes = nullptr);
} // namespace ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE